“信”和“Faithfulness”对中西方翻译实践的影响

"信"和"faithfulness"是中西方传统翻译理论中两个有关翻译原则的重要概念。由于翻译原则以及建构其上的翻译理论对各自文化中的翻译实践有指导意义,因而具体的翻译策略和译文的社会影响就会产生不少差异,主要表现在三个方面:译文形式与原文形式在考虑上的优先性、译文在目标语文化体系中的角色以及译者的社会地位。

Faithfulness:the Basic Standard for Chinese-English Contract Translation

Contract,as a legal agreement,stipulates the obligations and rights for both the buyer and the seller,therefore the appropriateness of contract translation is highly required. This paper first demonstrates that "faithfulness" is the basic standard for Chinese-English (thereafter shortened as C-E) contract translation. Then by using some examples to illustrate how the criteria of "faithfulness" is put into practice.

Exploring the Importance of Faithfulness and Creation in Translation

This paper discusses the importance of faithfulness and creation in translation on the basis of various theories. It argues that faithfulness should be placed first in translation, then creation.

Faithfulness in Translation

ＦａｉｔｈｆｕｌｎｅｓｓｉｎＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ￥ＭａＪｉａｎｈｅＩｎｔｈｅｆｉｅｌｄｏｆｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ，ｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｉｓｐｅｒｈａｐｓｔｈｅｃｒｉｔｅｒｉａｏｆｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ．...

Faithfulness and Similarity in Spirit――An Appreciation of Liu Shicong's English Translation Wild Grass

As a modern famous translator,Liu Shicong believes that literary translation should be faithful to the content of the original text and more importantly,it should convey its artistic effect,which includes the style,spirit and verve of the original text,namely transmitting the spirit of the original text.Based upon this translation principle,the paper aims to analyze and compare his English translation Wild Grass with the source text written by Xia Yan in the aspects of being faithful to the original text and transmitting the verve of the original text,thus proving that the principles for prose translation initiated by Liu Shicong are applicable and effective.

Bellini’s Norma and the Challenge of Regieoper

Despite the universal messages of Bellini’s Norma,the attempts at translating and adapting it to a modern context in the revisionist spirit of Regieoper(the director’s opera)encounter serious difficulties,as indicated by recent productions.The present paper focuses on these difficulties by examining in detail what appear to be the most challenging,innovative and thought-provoking among those productions which,despite remarkable merits,suffer from acute shortcomings:inter alia certain incompatibilities with the libretto,cultural dissonances,and problems of inner-coherence and verisimilitude.The detailed analysis of specific productions is followed by a general discussion(through a comparative approach)of Norma’s adaptability to Regieoper,which is shown to be extremely difficult,among other reasons because the terms of reference to the dimensions of the historical context(and the inherent mores)in its libretto are by far less flexible than those of other operas.Norma’s universal messages and its dualities of“foreign”versus“familiar,”with their vast semantic ambit,would seem to be better understood by meticulously delving into the subtleties of the text(and subtext)of Romani’s sophisticated libretto.Inner-coherence and compatibility with the libretto are essential for any attempt at creating an appropriate analogy running parallel to the original narrative.A fully convincing production of Norma in a modernizing spirit,if at all possible,remains an artistic challenge.

Screen-and-Treat Approach in Secondary Prevention of Cervical Cancer among HIV-Infected Women in Faith Alive Hospital, Jos Nigeria

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally, the second most common cancer in Nigeria and the most common cause of cancer-related death in Africa. In 2020, World Health Organization in its updated guidelines recommended cervical cancer screening using HPV DNA, HPV mRNA tests and subsequent treatment as appropriate. However, in resource-poor settings, Visual Inspections with Acetic Acid (VIA), Lugol’s Iodine (VILI) and subsequent treatment of precancerous lesions with thermal ablation remain the practical approaches. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions and associated risk factors among Women Living with HIV (WLHIV). Methods: A retrospective study on sexually active WLHIV aged 16 - 55 years screened for cervical cancer using VIA and VILI within 16 months period in Faith Alive Hospital Jos. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS 26. Sociodemographic characteristics of the study participants and the screening results were presented in frequency tables, and logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors of pre-cancerous lesions. Results: 1113 women were screened for cervical cancer using VIA/VILI. 994 (89.3%) were negative, 101 (9.1%) were positive for precancerous lesions, and 18 (1.6%) were suspicious of cervical cancer. The mean age of clients with pre-cancerous lesions was 41.32 ± 9.89 years. A higher positivity yield (69.4%) was found in ages between 36 and ≥55 years while a less positivity yield (30.6%) was found in age’s ≤ 35 years. History of STI had 1.64 fold risk association with precancerous lesions. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions among WLHIV;bimodal age distribution for cancer-suspicious lesions and risk associated with STI. Thus, a “screen-and-treat” approach to cervical cancer prevention by VIA and thermal ablation in resource-poor settings should be undertaken until widespread HPV testing to triage clients is feasible.

论三种翻译模式的主要异同(英文)

The Jerome model, the Horace model and the Schleiermacher model are among the most popular translation models, which have exerted their different influences at different historical periods. This paper analyzes their main differences and similarities that find expression in their different criteria of "faithfulness" or "equivalence"and discusses their different roles in translation practice. The paper concludes that no single translation model is really better than another because the criteria of translation are dynamic rather than static.

论“杰罗姆模式”和“贺拉斯模式”的主要异同--以大学英语翻译教学为例(英文)

The Jerome model and the Horace model are very popular translation models and have exerted different influences on translation theories and practice.This paper analyzes their main differences and similarities in terms of their different criteria of'faithfulness'and'equivalence'.Through a case study,it concludes that a proper application of the two models to College - English Translation Teaching will help improve the teaching quality and the students’ translation ability.

Curating Spaces of Hope: Coproducing Shared Values in Uncertain Times

This paper sets out a new paradigm of faith based organisation(FBO)called Curating Spaces of Hope.The paper sets out the paradigm and the interdisciplinary literatures into which the paradigm is applied namely,the diversifying belief landscape in the UK,the postsecular,the redefinition of FBOs,and liminality as the new norm in policy.The paper then turns to ethnographic research to evidence the ability of the paradigm to map and coproduce shared values,before considering applications of Curating Spaces of Hope in post-pandemic contexts in the north west of England through case studies with ecumenical Christian,non-religious,and Turkish Muslim and interfaith contexts.

环论中Faith三大猜测的进展

环论中Faith三大猜测 (FGF猜测、Faith Menal猜测和Faith猜测 )是指右FGF环、强右Johns环以及左完全右内射环均为QF环 .其中R是右FGF环指任一个有限生成右R模可嵌入自由模的环 ,强右Johns环是指右Norther左FP内射环 .本文介绍了Faith三大猜测的历史背景及最新进展 ,给出了右CF环及右Johns环为右Artin环的条件 。

A Comparative Study of the Jerome Model and the Horace Model

For many years,the two important translation styles,the Jerome model and the Horace model,are widely studied.Consisting of four parts,this paper will focus on making a comparison between the two translation models.

似信非信——翻译形式主义三戒

古今译家皆推信为翻译首要宏旨——从早期佛经翻译“案本而传”的思想起始，到近世严复先生信达雅的翻译原则，直至现代翻译理论讲求语篇层面内容和精神实质对等的观点理念，都是一脉相承的。翻译应力求信，亦即追求内容和风格的忠实再现，自是不容置疑的。然而，在实际翻...

The Translator's Subjectivity Reflected in the English Translation of "The Lane"

The translator's subjectivity plays an indispensible role in the translating activity. As a senior translator, Prof. Zhang Peiji brings his subjectivity into full play in his prose translation, and the English version of "The Lane" can be regarded as one of his representatives. An examination of the translator's subjectivity reflected in this version helps to better understand Prof. Zhang's art of prose translation.

翻译理论“信、达、雅”在“出师表”中的运用(英文)

"Faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance",the three characters of translation criteria raised by Yan Fu,have been the heatedly-discussed topic for a long time.This thesis will focus on analyzing three translation versions of"ChushiBiao"to interpret the function of"faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance".

Analysis of T.S Eliot's The Waste Land

This essay put emphasis on the analysis T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land, pointing the masterpiece can be interpreted by three- levels, the person, the society and human race. Eliot also indicated two kinds of people, the one is just secularized, and the other one is lack of faith in The Waste Land. We can analyze the feeling of protagonist is afraid to live new life, but afraid of death, the important theme is corruption of sex.

省译策略指导下的葛浩文《狼图腾》英译本研究

Wolf Totem is a famous work that is written by Jiang Rong,which profoundly reflects the relationship of wolf spirit and humanity,nature and humankind,nation and belief,freedom and conquest,contradiction and unification.Since this novel was published in 2004,it has caused a very strong reaction among domestic readers and certainly wins people's favor.The English version of Wolf Totem which is translated by Howard Goldblatt gets a hit in foreign countries.What's more,this version is awarded the first Man Asian Literature Prize.As a result,more and more people are interested in the English version and analyze it from different perspectives,which makes the version be accepted and understood well by people.Based on omission,this paper aims to analyze the application of omission in the translation of Wolf Totem.The result indicates that the omission makes the English version clear and succinct.To some extent,it can avoid encumbrance and repetition.Although omission is used frequendy in Chinese-English literature translation,people should not violate the principle of fidelity.

On Liu Zhongde's Translation Principle in the Two Versions of Emma

This paper,based on the Eugene A. Nida' Functional Equivalence theory,tries to make a contrastive study on the two Chinese versions of Emma rendered in 80s and 90s by Liu Zhongde from the following three perspectives,that is differences on transmitting the three-character principle:faithfulness,expressiveness and closeness. Through a systematic comparison and contrast,the writer draws a conclusion that the version in 90s transcends over that one produced in 80s with a better mastery on the three-character principle which proposed by Liu Zhongde himself. In the end,the writer gives a comprehensive evaluation to the two Chinese versions in the view of translation principle,and suggests that we should learn from Liu's spirit in studying and conducting a study of Liu's thought and practice in translation as it is a treasure of Chinese translation.

On Savory's Principles of Translation

One of Savory's principles of translation focuses on whether a translator may or may never add to or omit from the original. According to the reader-analysis theory, this paper argues from both theoretical and practical aspects, that to fulfill the function of the translation adequately in the target language, the translator may have his right to add to or omit from the original.

Analysis of Wang Zuoliang's Translation Ideas

As an expert on literature and translation, Wang Zuliang has contributed a lot to both Chinese and foreign culture.Based on his own experiences he has formed his distinctive ideas about translation such as principle and function.