Research on Benefit Distribution Mechanism of Farmers’ Specialized Cooperative Economic Organization

On the basis of conducting survey in Jiaonan City,the thesis analyzes benefit distribution mechanism of farmers’ specialized cooperative economic organizations:firstly,the benefit correlation is mainly the contract correlation;secondly,the profit distribution is mainly the dividend;thirdly,patronage refund has many connotations;fourthly,the public accumulation has not yet been quantified to individual;fifthly,the government support capital is ill-defined.Based on these,the measures are put forward in order to improve benefit distribution pattern of farmers’ specialized cooperative economic organizations:firstly,reform structure of property rights and realize farmers’ ownership;secondly,change mode of decision-making,and realize farmers’ control;thirdly,increase turnover rebate and realize farmers’ benefiting;fourthly,quantify public accumulation and government support fund.

Construction of the Government Support and Evaluation Index System of Farmers' Cooperative Economic Organizations

On the basis of expounding the necessity of evaluation index system of farmers' cooperative economic organization,the three first level indexes including organization development index,member development index and social development index and 13 second level indexes including aggregate capital of cooperative organization,annual profit share of cooperative organization,annual total income of cooperative organization,etc.,are established according to the principles of Systematics and the methods of Statistics and Quantitative economics.By using the analytical hierarchy process,the weight of each index is tested and the operation result and evaluation mode is established,as well as the index standard value and comprehensive value.As for the result of the evaluation,it is suggested that the government should support the farmers' cooperative organizations in hierarchy and targeted way according to local conditions.Though the construction of index system and comprehensive score,the government should establish the entry and exit mechanism of farmers' cooperative organizations to reasonably guild the rapid development of cooperators.

A Brief Analysis of Development of Tibetan Farmers＇ and Herdsmen＇s Economic Cooperatives--A Case Study of Nagqu Area

Through on-the-spot survey and research on the actual situation of agricultural cooperatives and the conditions of production and living of farmers and herdsmen in Nagqu,Tibet,going through a lot of literature,this paper studies and analyzes the development of local cooperative organizations of farmers and herdsmen,understands the actual benefits of cooperative organizations to farmers and herdsmen,aims to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen,and thus puts forward the main problems and measures on agricultural cooperatives in Nagqu area,in order to offer some suggestions for farmers and herdsmen to get rid of poverty through the conclusion of the study.

Development and Economic Effect of Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives

The paper introduces the present development of farmers' specialized cooperatives in China, points out that although the cooperatives in China develop rapidly, they are generally small and their advantages cannot be given into full play, and then analyzes the development achievements of the cooperatives, for example, they have realized scale benefits, their management system tends to more mature, the economic value of their brands is improved and they have created great economic benefits. The paper also points out the stable development path for the cooperatives, that is, the cooperatives should cooperate with local villages, and take a path of combined village and cooperative development so that the cooperative members can get a stable income; the cooperatives can also cooperate with local leading enterprises, which can help the cooperatives to manage, sell and form their products brands, thus the cooperatives can get loans easily to solve the capital bottleneck of cooperative development and improve the members' incomes.

Rural Cooperative Economic Organized United Association: A Case Study of Baoding City of Hebei Province

Taking its development in Baoding City as an example, we introduced service fields of rural cooperative economic organized united association. It mainly includes setting up service platform and providing scientific and technological services; organizing economic and trade negotiation and exchange, and promoting farmer-supermarket partnership; providing financial services and solving fund-raising problems. In line with these fields, we analyzed existing problems: (i) regional development is unbalanced and organization lacks internal connection; (ii) the development in some counties (cities) is to be improved, and the promotion effect is not significant; (iii) there is shortage of talent and the innovation strength is not enough; and (iv) it lacks system and management lacks restriction mechanism. Finally, we put forward countermeasures and recommendations: strengthen propaganda and cultivate farmers' cooperative awareness; incorporate rural cooperative economic organized united association into formal system arrangement, and absorb professional talents; innovate upon organization system of rural cooperative economic organized united association and improve service methods; improve internal operating mechanism and innovate upon working contents of rural cooperative economic organized united association at new development background.

Comparative Analysis on Two Accounting Systems of Rural Economic Originations

In order to normalize the financial account of two kinds of economic organizations,the comparative analysis is conducted on the Accounting System of Village Collective Economic Organization and Accounting System of Farmers’ Cooperatives(Trial) issued by the Ministry of Finance.The comparison points out that application and accounting principles of the two kinds of accounting systems are different.The differences and similarities of the five accounting elements are analyzed including property,liabilities,rights of owners,costs and profits and losses,as well as the reasons of the differences and similarities.Results show that both of the two accounting systems reflect the principles of simplification and clarification.The village collective accounting system works in rural village committee,which acts the administrative duties,the features of concerted benefits of it is showed.While the accounting system of farmers’ cooperatives is based on the village collective accounting system and combines the norms of accounting system of enterprises,so the system represents the demands of collaboration and profit-making.

农村集体经济组织成员资格认定的逻辑脉络及其展开

农村集体经济组织成员资格认定是农村集体产权制度改革的基础性工作,集体所有权主体的确定是该问题研究的逻辑起点。集体所有权不具有共有和总有等所有权构造类型的特征,同时投资关系说和类比国有资本授权经营体制论都不能对农村集体经济组织的产生渊源进行合理解释。在民法规范语境下,应将农村集体经济组织确定为集体所有权主体。就成员资格和成员权利的关系而言,两者相伴而生,成员资格实质上是从权利主体角度对成员权的描述,为成员权在主体面向的表达。基于此,集体成员资格认定的法律实质是对农民所享有的集体经济组织成员权予以确权。我国农村传统经营方式决定了农户是基本经营单位,从逻辑上应当将家庭成员与以家庭为单位取得权益的关系确定为按份共有,集体经济组织成员权主体应为集体经济组织成员而非农户。城乡二元体制导致户籍这一本质上与成员权利取得不具因果关系的因素被纳入认定标准之中,其证明作用不应被忽视。在传统路径下,应构建以出生事实为核心、其他亲缘关系为辅助的主体判断路径,同时明确列举其他除外情形,形成正反双向的认定机制。在农村集体产权制度改革背景下,基于股权类型设置,集体固有成员与股份经济合作社股东在范围上并非完全一致,未来应以恢复农村集体经济组织和集体成员权的私法属性为目标,分阶段对农村集体经济组织成员权制度进行渐进性改革。

成员异质性提高了农民合作社的绩效——基于四川省403个合作社的数据

农民合作社具有经济和社会的双重功能,是促进农业增效和农民增收的组织载体。近些年农民合作社发展呈现显著的成员异质性变化,这种变化对合作社绩效的影响亟待深入研究。文章基于四川省宜宾市403个合作社的样本,分析了多维成员异质性对合作社经济和社会绩效的双重影响。研究表明:农民牵头人的返乡农民身份、家庭农场成员数以及成立基层党组织对农民合作社的经济绩效和社会绩效具有显著正向影响。因此,鼓励和支持返乡农民自主创办合作社,支持“合作社+家庭农场”融合创新发展,促进“合作社+党支部”互嵌式发展。

农民合作社再联合提升了经济绩效吗?——基于黑龙江332家种植类农民合作社的调研

基于黑龙江省332家种植类农民合作社的调研数据,运用倾向得分匹配法(PSM)实证分析农民合作社再联合对其经济绩效的影响,并进一步对不同规模的合作社进行异质性分析。结果表明:农民合作社再联合能够显著提升合作社的经济绩效,有效发挥壮大单体合作社力量的作用;农民合作社再联合对经济绩效的提升效应存在规模异质性,主要表现为土地规模、社员规模、资金规模相对较小的合作社参与再联合带来的经济绩效提升更为明显。基于此,建议政府及相关部门加大对农民合作社再联合的宣传与推广,鼓励引导各类合作社结合经营特征探索适合自身发展的联合路径,并不断创新合作社再联合的发展模式,从而充分发挥再联合的制度优势,持续提升合作社经济绩效。

新制度经济学理论视角下农业供应链融资模式的双向困境及其破解机制——以浙江省衢州市柯城区柑橘供应链为例

农业供应链虽然在提升农业经营主体融资可得性上发挥了一定作用,但核心主体与中小经营主体之间的双向困境矛盾突显,具体体现为供应链主体间高信任度要求和第三方担保主体发展良莠不齐的困境、抵押担保物低成本高转换要求和农业产业资产评估不统一的困境、产业发展需求和自偿性闭环不稳定的困境。借鉴新制度经济学理论,发现相较于传统的“公司+合作社+农户”供应链融资模式,农民合作经济组织联合会(以下简称农合联)供应链融资模式在契约结构、交易成本、自偿性水平方面具有明显优势。以浙江省衢州市柯城区的柑橘供应链为例,对其破解双向困境的机制进行分析验证。研究发现,农合联集正规制度约束和非正规社会约束于一体,能够有效提升供应链的合作效应、协同效应、分工效应,缓解融资困境。据此认为,缓解农业供应链融资模式双向困境的突破口在于构建经营主体共建共享的新的农业社会化服务组织,立足专业化服务,强化市场化经营,助力规模化发展,实现供应链一体化管理。

合作与不合作的政治经济学分析——我国农民经济组织发展中的国家、政府与市场

农民经济组织是小农家庭进入市场的桥梁和纽带,是在农民与国家、政府、市场等多种力量的博弈中产生和发展起来的。农民经济组织演进的路径、组织形式、发展规模和速度受到并将继续受到市场激励与要求、政府约束与支持、农村制度安排与宏观社会经济环境等多种因素的影响。因此,农民经济组织的发展对进一步深化我国农村政治经济体制改革提出了新的要求。

“公司+农户”组织运行困境的经济学分析

当前 ,“公司 +农户”组织运行面临矛盾与困境 ,其经济学根源主要包括农产品生产经营风险导致交易成本过高、契约双方势力悬殊使农户易被“套牢”、道德风险与机会主义行为、以及组织与制度缺陷等。“公司 +农户”

我国农民专业合作经济组织发展问题研究

“有效率的组织是经济增长的关键”。农业现代化不仅是生产手段和农业技术体系的现代化,而且是农业生产组织的创新过程。现阶段,我国农民专业合作经济组织虽得到了一定的发展,但依然存在很多问题。采取有效措施,进一步发展和创新各种形式的农民专业合作经济组织,不仅是提高农民市场竞争力的需要,也是进一步促进农业和农村经济社会发展的必然选择。

我国农民合作经济组织生成机理探析

发展农民合作经济组织是解决我国三农问题的一条有效途径,对农民合作经济组织生成机理的深入分析和准确把握是推进我国农民合作经济组织进一步发展的关键。从我国整个农村社会系统出发,对我国农民合作经济组织生成的基本动因以及农民组建合作经济组织的潜在收益和合作成本进行深入剖析,力图把握我国农民合作经济组织生成的内部机理。

中国农民收入增长思路:基于农民专业合作经济组织的视角

1997年以来,农民收入增长陷入持续低迷,其中一个重要原因在于农村经济组织的发展滞后。国内外的经验表明,农民专业合作经济组织作为一种组织创新,是促进农民收入增长的一个重要载体。不过,目前中国农民专业合作经济组织在发展过程中存在很多问题,需要进一步采取措施来推进其发展,以促进中国农民收入的增长。

农民合作经济组织生成的博弈分析

发展农民合作经济组织是解决我国三农问题的一条有效途径,对农民合作经济组织生成机理的深入分析和准确把握是推进我国农民合作经济组织进一步发展的关键。文章在对农民合作经济组织生成的基本动因及农民组建合作经济组织的潜在利润和合作成本进行深入分析的基础上,运用博弈论对农民合作经济组织生成的机理进行了剖析。

林农合作社对山区林农收入影响实证分析

基于对浙江省龙泉市4个林农合作社77户社员和62户非社员的农户调查数据,通过Eviews统计软件,回归分析了林农合作社对林农收入的影响。结果显示:加入林农合作社使农民人均林业收入提高25.82%,人均纯收入提高21.23%,说明加入林农合作社确实能够促进林农增收;林农合作社对人均林业收入的影响要比人均纯收入高4.59%,说明林农合作社对山区林业经济的发展意义重大。因此,政府要大力鼓励和支持林农合作社的发展,林农合作社也要不断加强自身能力建设;同时要不断加强对林农合作社的宣传,鼓励林农加入合作社。

西部特色农业产业化进程中农民经济合作组织成长研究

合理的产业组织形式是实现经济资源合理配置,提高市场运行效率的关键。产业化经营是西部特色农业发展的基本趋势,农民经济合作组织的成长是链接西部特色农业产业链条的重要纽带。西部农业经济结构水平低、农户长期分散经营,以及村集体经济组织的弱化,导致西部农民经济合作组织的发育明显滞后于农业产业化进程。通过优化农业结构,发展特色农业,增强农民组织化程度;加强以地缘、乡土文化为纽带的村级组织文化建设,培育农民的参与意识和合作精神,夯实农民组织化的社会基础;调整政府支农政策的重点,以农民经济合作组织为主体加大对特色农业的资金项目支持、税收优惠和金融信贷,完善农民组织化程度不断提高的制度基础,逐步提高农民合作的"纵向一体化"水平,成为西部特色农业产业化经营的一条可供选择的成长路径。

农民林业合作组织建设与农村基本经营制度稳定

通过构建＂合作—制度稳定＂的分析框架,结合闽、浙、辽等地的调研案例,文章对林业合作组织建设与农村基本经营制度稳定的关系进行了深入探讨。研究发现,以家庭承包经营为基础的农村基本经营制度具有＂强社会保障＂和＂弱农经效率＂的两难冲突,而农民林业合作组织的发展能够有效实现现有制度框架内的农经效率帕累托改进,改进后的结果又会反过来促进农村基本经营制度的稳定、完善和创新,同时强化各类主体的合作意愿与行为。

合作经济组织对农户安全生产行为的影响效应——基于皖、苏养猪户调查数据的实证分析

文章基于2015年皖苏两省498家养猪农户的问卷调查数据,运用多元线性回归模型实证分析农民专业合作经济组织对农户安全生产行为的影响效应。研究发现,农民专业合作经济组织服务功能具有显著的实现差异,其中技术培训、饲料服务、销售服务、兽药及防疫服务功能与农户安全生产行为之间呈现显著正相关关系;将安全养殖态度的交互项引入模型后,结果显示,农户安全养殖态度具有显著的中介影响效应;养猪农户养殖规模、时间、收入比重对其安全生产行为具有正向促进作用。因此,以农民专业合作经济组织为载体,构建农产品质量安全服务体系,加强对农民专业合作经济组织的扶持和考评,可以有效提升农产品质量安全水平。