Effect and Risk Assessment of Animal Manure Pollution on Huaihe River Basin, China

Currently the deteriorated water quality for Huaihe River Basin(HRB) in China was still serious because of the negative influence multiple pollution sources including animal manure. However, little attention was paid to the potential risk of animal manure for farmland and water quality of HRB. This study was quantified and forecasted animal manure risk and its spatiotemporal variations in HRB from 2008 to 2018, through pollution discharge coefficient method and pollution load calculation, combined with kriging interpolation method of ArcGIS technology, based on statistics principle. All the data were originated from livestock and poultry breeding in HRB from 2008 to 2018. The future risk of farmland and water environment in HRB was further forecasted. The results indicated that the livestock and poultry manure has become a key pollution source causing a negative influence on farmland and water quality owing to a large amount of animal manure production without efficient recycle utilization. The chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total nitrogen(TN) discharge of animal manure in HRB almost accounted for 17.00% and 39.00% of the whole COD and TN discharge in China. The diffusion concentration of TN and TP in those regions of Shangqiu, Zhoukou, Heze, Zhumadian, Luohe, Jining, Xuchang,Kaifeng, Taian and Zhengzhou of HRB has exceeded the threshold value 10.00 mg/L of TN and 0.08 mg/L of TP, causing water eutrophication and cancer villages. The assessment of farmland and water quality risk revealed that Zhumadian, Zhoukou, Shangqiu, Taian, Jining, Heze, Linyi and Rizhao belonged to high risk areas in HRB, which were still obtained high farmland and water quality risk index in 2030. The results provided insight into an important significance of sustainable balance of livestock and poultry development and ecosystem in HRB.

Bearing Capacity of Livestock and Poultry Breeding in Nanjing City Based on Planting-breeding Pattern

To assess the status of environmental beating capacity of livestock and poultry manure in Nanjing City, the environmental pollution warning value and environmental bearing potential of livestock and poultry manure in various districts of Nanjing were calculated according to livestock and poultry manure discharge coefticiem and manure content. The results showed that based on planting-breeding pattern, the livestock and poultry manure load in Nanjing City was 14.08 t/hm2 pig manure equivalent; the warning values of environmental bearing capacity of livestock and poultry breeding calculated by nitrogen and phosphor- us were 0.23 and 0.26, respectively, which were within the scope of environmental hearing capacity, with no threat to the environment. Under the premise of reasonable planing of livestock and poultry breeding and comprehensive utilization of manure, the environmental beating potential of livestock and poultry breed- ing in Nanjing City were 5. 667 3 million （nitrogen） and 11. 109 1 million （phosphorus） pigs equivalent, and there were nearly one third of bearing space more than the existing total breeding quantity.