Aging Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery Under Fast Charging Based on Electrochemical-thermalmechanical Coupling Model

The aging characteristics of lithium-ion battery(LIB)under fast charging is investigated based on an electrochemical-thermal-mechanical(ETM)coupling model.Firstly,the ETM coupling model is established by COMSOL Multiphysics.Subsequently,a long cycle test was conducted to explore the aging characteristics of LIB.Specifically,the effects of charging(C)rate and cycle number on battery aging are analyzed in terms of nonuniform distribution of solid electrolyte interface(SEI),SEI formation,thermal stability and stress characteristics.The results indicate that the increases in C rate and cycling led to an increase in the degree of nonuniform distribution of SEI,and thus a consequent increase in the capacity loss due to the SEI formation.Meanwhile,the increases in C rate and cycle number also led to an increase in the heat generation and a decrease in the heat dissipation rate of the battery,respectively,which result in a decrease in the thermal stability of the electrode materials.In addition,the von Mises stress of the positive electrode material is higher than that of the negative electrode material as the cycling proceeds,with the positive electrode material exhibiting tensile deformation and the negative electrode material exhibiting compressive deformation.The available lithium ion concentration of the positive electrode is lower than that of the negative electrode,proving that the tensile-type fracture occurring in the positive material under long cycling dominated the capacity loss process.The aforementioned studies are helpful for researchers to further explore the aging behavior of LIB under fast charging and take corresponding preventive measures.

A Fast Version of LASG/IAP Climate System Model and Its 1000-year Control Integration

A fast version of the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics （LASG）/Institute of Atmospheric Physics （IAP） climate system model is briefly documented. The fast coupled model employs a low resolution version of the atmospheric component Grid Atmospheric Model of IAP/LASG （GAMIL）, with the other parts of the model, namely an oceanic component LASG/IAP Climate Ocean Model （LICOM）, land component Common Land Model （CLM）, and sea ice component from National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate System Model （NCAR CCSM2）, as the same as in the standard version of LASG/IAP Flexible Global Ocean Atmosphere Land System model （FGOALS_g）. The parameterizations of physical and dynamical processes of the atmospheric component in the fast version are identical to the standard version, although some parameter values are different. However, by virtue of reduced horizontal resolution and increased time-step of the most time-consuming atmospheric component, it runs faster by a factor of 3 and can serve as a useful tool for longterm and large-ensemble integrations. A 1000-year control simulation of the present-day climate has been completed without flux adjustments. The final 600 years of this simulation has virtually no trends in global mean sea surface temperatures and is recommended for internal variability studies. Several aspects of the control simulation＇s mean climate and variability are evaluated against the observational or reanalysis data. The strengths and weaknesses of the control simulation are evaluated. The mean atmospheric circulation is well simulated, except in high latitudes. The Asian-Australian monsoonal meridional cell shows realistic features, however, an artificial rainfall center is located to the eastern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau persists throughout the year. The mean bias of SST resembles that of the standard version, appearing as a ＂double ITCZ＂ （Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone） associated with a westward extension of the equatorial eastern Pacific cold tongue. The sea ice extent is acceptable but has a higher concentration. The strength of Atlantic meridional overturning is 27.5 Sv. Evidence from the 600-year simulation suggests a modulation of internal variability on ENSO frequency, since both regular and irregular oscillations of ENSO are found during the different time periods of the long-term simulation.

基于Kano-FAST的瓦楞纸激光印刷设备设计研究

目的推动印刷行业朝更高效的方向迈进,提高印刷设备的易操作性和视觉识别性。方法将Kano和FAST(Function Analysis System Technique)模型引入瓦楞纸激光打印设备设计的前期应用需求分析中,通过问卷的方法获取用户的基本要求,并划分为几个子类型,进而建立Kano的二维功能属性模型。采用FAST法建立功能树,辅助使用Kano模型,从而更精准地分析用户需求,并更好地根据其需求进行优化设计。结果综合运用设计原理,针对性地挖掘瓦楞纸激光印刷设备在造型识别性、操作易用性、生产安全性上存在的问题,进而输出更优解。结论该设计方法的引入有助于为同类型的印刷设备设计提供参考,并引起更多相关厂家的重视,推动印刷行业向更积极的方向发展。

Cooperative interception with fast multiple model adaptive estimation

For the case that two pursuers intercept an evasive target,the cooperative strategies and state estimation methods taken by pursuers can seriously affect the guidance accuracy for the target,which performs a bang For the case that two pursuers intercept an evasive target,the cooperative strategies and state estimation methods taken by pursuers can seriously affect the guidance accuracy for the target,which performs a bang-bang evasive maneuver with a random switching time.Combined Fast multiple model adaptive estimation(Fast MMAE)algorithm,the cooperative guidance law takes detection configuration affecting the accuracy of interception into consideration.Introduced the detection error model related to the line-of-sight(LOS)separation angle of two interceptors,an optimal cooperative guidance law solving the optimization problem is designed to modulate the LOS separation angle to reduce the estimation error and improve the interception performance.Due to the uncertainty of the target bang-bang maneuver switching time and the effective fitting of its multi-modal motion,Fast MMAE is introduced to identify its maneuver switching time and estimate the acceleration of the target to track and intercept the target accurately.The designed cooperative optimal guidance law with Fast MMAE has better estimation ability and interception performance than the traditional guidance law and estimation method via Monte Carlo simulation.

Model-based design method of two-axis four-actuator fast steering mirror system

This work was focused on the model-based design method of two-axis four-actuator(TAFA) fast steering mirror system(FSM), in order to improve the design efficiency. The structure and operation principle commonality of normal TAFA FSM were investigated. Based on the structure and the commonality, the conditions of single-axis idea, high-frequency resonance and coupling were modeled gradually. Combining these models, a holonomic system model was established to reflect and predict the performance of TAFA FSM. A model-based design method was proposed based on the holonomic system model. The design flow and design concept of the method were described. In accordance with the method, a TAFA FSM was designed. Simulations and experiments of the FSM were done, and the results of them were compared. The compared results indicate that the holonomic system model can well reflect and predict the performance of TAFA FSM. The bandwidth of TAFA FSM is more than 250 Hz; adjust time is less than 15 ms;overshoot is less than 8%; position accuracy is better than 10 μrad; the FSM prototype can satisfy the requirements.

H_∞ Optimal Model Reduction for Singular Fast Subsystems

In this paper, H∞ optimal model reduction for singular fast subsystems will be inves-tigated. First, error system is established to measure the error magnitude between the original andreduced systems, and it is demonstrated that the new feature for model reduction of singular systemsis to make H∞ norm of the error system finite and minimal. The necessary and su?cient conditionis derived for the existence of the H∞ suboptimal model reduction problem. Next, we give an exactand practicable algorithm to get the parameters of the reduced subsystems by applying the matrixtheory. Meanwhile, the reduced system may be also impulsive. The advantages of the proposedalgorithm are that it is more ?exible in a straight-forward way without much extra computation, andthe order of the reduced systems is as minimal as possible. Finally, one illustrative example is givento illustrate the e?ectiveness of the proposed model reduction approach.

Development of a displacement-reactivity feedback model for dynamic behavior simulation in fast burst reactor

In this study, a displacement-reactivity feedback model, which can directly represent the inherent ‘‘thermal expansion extinction effect'' of fast burst reactors(FBRs),was developed with the aid of the static neutron transport component of the FBR-MPC code. Dynamic behaviors of bursts in the Godiva I reactor were simulated by coupling the simplified multiphysics models consisting of the point kinetic equations for neutronics, adiabatic equation for temperature, and thermoelastic equations for displacement/stress with the developed model. The results were compared with the corresponding experimental data and those obtained using the traditional fission yield(temperature rise)-reactivity feedback models. It was found that the developed model can provide good results for the bursts with no or a small inertia effect. For the bursts with a prominent inertia effect, the smaller burst width and asymmetric distribution of the fission rate curve, noticed in the experiments but not evident using the traditional models, can be reproduced. In addition, the realistic oscillations in reactivity and fission rate caused by the core vibration, as well as the deeper sub-prompt criticality in the plateau following the burst, can be observed. Therefore, the developed displacement-reactivity feedback model can be expected to be an effective tool for calculating the dynamic behaviors of bursts.

Fast forward modeling of muon transmission tomography based on model voxelization ray energy loss projection

To solve the problems associated with low resolution and high computational effort infinite time,this paper proposes a fast forward modeling method for muon energy loss transmission tomography based on a model voxelization energy loss projection algorithm.First,the energy loss equation for muon transmission tomography is derived from the Bethe–Bloch formula,and the imaging region is then dissected into several units using the model voxelization method.Thereafter,the three-dimensional(3-D)imaging model is discretized into parallel and equally spaced two-dimensional(2-D)slices using the model layering method to realize a dimensional reduction of the 3-D volume data and accelerate the forward calculation speed.Subsequently,the muon energy loss transmission tomography equation is discretized using the ray energy loss projection method to establish a set of energy loss equations for the muon penetration voxel model.Finally,the muon energy loss values at the outgoing point are obtained by solving the projection coefficient matrix of the ray length-weighted model,achieving a significant reduction in the number of muons and improving the computational efficiency.A comparison of our results with the simulation results based on the Monte Carlo method verifies the accuracy and effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper.The metallic mineral identification tests show that the proposed algorithm can quickly identify high-density metallic minerals.The muon energy loss response can accurately identify the boundary of the anomalies and their spatial distribution characteristics.

Fast Fourier Transform Approximation of Foreign Currency Option Pricing Based on Exponential Lévy Model

To study the approximation of foreign currency option prices when the underlying assets＇ price dynamics are described by exponential Lévy processes, the convolution representations for option pricing formulas were given, and then the fast Fourier transform （FFT） algorithm was used to get the approximate values of option prices. Finally, a numerical example was given to demonstrate the calculate steps to the option price by FFT.

Modeling and Analysis of SO₂Emissions under Fast Fluidized Bed Conditions Using One Dimensional Model

Fluidized bed combustion behavior of coal and biomass is of practical interest due to its significant involvement in heating systems and power plant operations. This combustion behavior has been studied by many experimental techniques along with different kinetic models. In this study, SO2 emissions have been studied out in a pilot scale test facility of Circulating Fluidized Bed combustor (70 KW) under fast fluidized bed conditions burning coal with Pakistani wheat straw. One dimensional Mathematical model is being developed to predict the SO2 emissions under different operating conditions like bed temperature, Ca/S molar ratio, solids circulation rate, excess air ratio and secondary to primary air ratio. These parameters are varied to validate the model and encouraging correlation is found between the experimental values and model predictions.

FAST宁静区生态系统服务时空分异特征及权衡/协同关系分析

基于InVEST与光能利用率模型(CASA)对2000-2020年间500m口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)宁静区植被净初级生产力(NPP),水源涵养,土壤保持,生境质量四项生态系统服务进行计算,分析其在不同尺度上的时空变化特征,识别其生态系统服务热点区域,采用权衡-协同指数和随机森林模型揭示四项生态系统服务间的权衡/协同作用关系和强度及其与驱动因子的关系.结果表明:(1)2000-2020年,FAST宁静区四项生态系统服务整体上呈增加趋势,其中NPP增加730.544gC/m^(2),水源涵养量增加5.925mm,生境质量得分上升0.007,土壤保持量增加0.295t/km^(2).(2)圈层差异明显,其中核心区增加最快,服务功能最优;其次是边远区,生态有明显好转;最后是中间区,生态修复相对较慢.(3)土地利用类型中,林地和草地对研究区生态系统服务量的促进作用最大.(4)生态系统服务热点整体上由Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类热点区向非热点区,Ⅲ类热点区及Ⅳ类热点区转变.(5)区内的四项生态系统服务间关系整体以协同为主,且协同作用逐渐增强,在空间上水源涵养与土壤保持和NPP在部分地区呈权衡作用.(6)FAST宁静区四项生态系统服务间权衡/协同关系作用强度的主要驱动因子是降水,蒸散发,石漠化敏感性,坡度和人类活动强度.

基于动物创伤模型试验培训FAST超声技术在急诊本科实习生中的应用研究

目的评价基于动物创伤模型试验培训创伤超声重点评估法(FAST)超声技术在急诊本科实习生临床技能培训中的应用效果。方法选取我院2022年1月至2024年3月在我院急诊科的本科实习生65名作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和实验组。对照组采用传统教学方法,实验组按照动物创伤模型教学模式实施教学,比较两组本科实习生出科理论及操作成绩、学习满意度、学习能力和学习行为。结果两组实习生的理论及操作成绩均较培训前有所提高,实验组实习生的理论及操作成绩均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组实习生培训后的学习满意度均有所提高,实验组实习生的学习满意度得分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组实习生培训后的学习能力得分和学习行为得分均有所提高,实验组得分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论基于动物创伤模型试验培训FAST超声技术能有效提高急诊本科实习生的学习成绩和学习满意度,学习能力明显提高,对提高本科实习生的成长与急诊诊疗水平具有积极意义。

基于Kano-FAST-E的鞋面压合机优化设计

目的降低鞋面压合机设备作业过程中的失误率、优化人机交互体验。方法基于Kano模型调研分析作业人员与企业经理对当前设备的使用感受及需求;利用FAST理论重新定义设备的功能区域并指导设计展开;基于人机工程学理论(E),对设计方案的功能布局和结构尺寸进行优化,提升人机操作效率;利用眼动试验对改进前后的功能布局进行对比分析验证,并借助李克特量表对设计方案进行用户满意度评价。结果完成鞋面压合机的优化设计实践,提升了设备的人机性能和用户满意度,有效提高了作业人员认读效率、减少视觉疲劳和错误操作。结论改进后的鞋面压合机赋予了工人更加安全、高效且人性化的操作模式,验证了Kano-FAST-E的设计策略对该设备的人机优化设计具有指导意义,也为同类设备的开发实践提供参考。

Kano-FAST模型在校园户外家具需求研究的应用

为解决校园户外家具功能单一问题,改善用户的使用体验,提出将Kano-FAST模型应用在校园户外家具需求研究上,可准确把握用户真实需求进行校园户外家具的改进设计。以南京林业大学为例,通过实地观察、人物访谈等方法对南林校园户外家具现存的问题和需求进行分析,采用KJ法进行需求汇总并对获取的16项用户需求进行维度分类,引入Kano模型对获取的需求进行优先级排序,最终筛选出2项必备需求、2项期望需求和7项魅力需求,采用FAST功能分析法对Kano模型筛选出的需求进行功能-设计元素映射分析,建立FAST功能树。通过南京林业大学户外家具需求研究的案例可证明,基于Kano-FAST模型的用户需求研究可以帮助设计师明确校园户外家具不同需求的重要程度,更能针对用户痛点进行需求转化,可以为今后校园户外家具设计研究提供思路。

基于数据驱动的FAST主动反射面调节优化模型

针对500 m口径球面射电望远镜(five-hundred-meter aperture spherical radio telescope,FAST)的主动反射面调节问题,利用旋转抛物面在三维空间中的定义建立了一个对任意天体角度均适用的工作抛物面方程,该方法不同于以往的坐标旋转的方法。利用反射面板重心点作为反射点,将反射接收比定义为能把光线反射到馈源舱被其接收的面板数量与300 m口径工作抛物面下总面板数量的比值。结合主索节点径向伸缩距离、边界平稳过度和邻接距离变化幅度三个约束条件,以接收比最大化作为目标函数,建立了一个工作抛物面优化模型,并利用节点数据和模拟退火算法对其进行求解,得到了工作理想抛物面。选用两组天体角度进行实例分析,结果显示调节后的接收比增大12.82%,并给出了工作主索节点的部分径向调节方案。本研究为FAST对于任意天体角度的变形提供了一种新的建模方法,也对馈源舱反射接收比提出了一种新的计算方式。

一种改进的快速C-V水平集红外图像分割

当红外图像中包含较强噪声时,C-V模型水平集分割方法会产生大量冗余轮廓;同时,C-V水平集采用偏微分方程(PDE)实现,存在计算量大、分割速度慢的缺点。为此,本文提出了改进的快速算法,该算法保留了C-V模型的全局优化特性,并通过窗口滤波整合图像邻域空间信息来构建曲线进化的外部速度,从而提高C-V模型的抗噪性并减少分割中产生的冗余轮廓;采用基于双链表的快速水平集算法来实现曲线的演化,去除了传统算法中的重新初始化和PDE求解的过程,减少了迭代步数,提高了分割的速度。实验结果表明,本文算法对边缘模糊、噪声较大的红外图像能实现快速而有效的分割。

基于C-V模型的改进快速水平集图像分割法

针对水平集方法计算复杂度高,无法满足实时系统要求的缺陷,提出一种改进的快速水平集算法。该算法对快速水平集算法进行简化,采用单链表表示轮廓曲线。利用C-V模型的二值拟合项来设计曲线演化的速度函数,保留了C-V模型的全局优化特性。还给出了一个基于单链表中轮廓点个数变化的水平集演化终止准则。该算法不仅明显提高了分割速度,且对噪声图像也能实现高效的分割。

基于Extend FAST方法的新安江模型参数全局敏感性分析

模型参数敏感性分析可以诊断模型结构、识别模型关键参数,是模型建立和应用的关键步骤。该文应用高效、稳健的Extend FAST方法,以流溪河水库入库洪水模拟为例分析新安江模型参数的全局敏感性。结果表明,对Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数、总水量平衡误差系数、低水流量误差系数、高水流量误差系数四个目标函数,模型参数敏感性表现不同。Extend FAST方法的部分结果与GLUE方法的结果进行对比,两者对敏感性评价的结果基本一致,Extend FAST给出的主要敏感度和参数组合作用的敏感度也可以作为模型不确定性分析的依据。

FAST健康监测数据采集系统开发研究

对500m口径大射电望远镜(Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope,简称FAST)健康监测系统基础组成部分—FAST健康监测数据采集系统进行开发研究.分析了FAST传感器选型影响因素,结合传感器自身适用标准进行具体选型,完成了基于所选传感器的硬件系统设计,运用Labview平台开发了与FAST监测系统相适应的采集软件系统,形成一套完整的基于虚拟仪器技术的FAST健康监测数据采集系统.FAST30m模型试验是FAST建设过程中的关键步骤,通过在模型试验中的成功应用,表明该系统可为将来FAST健康监测系统的完善提供重要支撑条件.

基于E-FAST的流溪河模型参数敏感性分析

基于E-FAST全局定量敏感性分析方法的思想,提出一个针对分布式物理水文模型——流溪河模型的参数敏感性分析方法,包括参数简化及取值范围确定、参数采样及采样次数的确定、敏感性评价指标的选取、参数敏感度计算4个部分。针对我国4个不同规模的流域(黄龙带水库流域、流溪河水库流域、长湖水库流域和新安江水库流域)开展了分布式物理水文模型参数敏感性分析,并采用4种不同的评价函数进行了对比计算。结果表明,流溪河模型饱和含水率和田间持水率是高度敏感参数,饱和水力传导率、土壤层厚度、土壤特性系数、边坡和河道糙率为敏感参数,其他参数为不敏感参数。