Tunable magnomechanically induced transparency and fast-slow light in a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system

We theoretically explore the tunability of magnomechanically induced transparency(MMIT) phenomenon and fastslow light effect in a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system in which a high-quality yttrium iron garnet(YIG) sphere and an atomic ensemble are placed inside a microwave cavity. In the probe output spectrum, we can observe magnoninduced transparency(MIT) and MMIT due to the photon-magnon and phonon-magnon couplings. We further investigate the effect of atomic ensemble on the absorption spectrum. The results show that better transparency can be obtained by choosing appropriate atomic ensemble parameters. We give an explicit explanation for the mechanism of the Fano resonance phenomenon. Moreover, we discuss phenomena of slow-light propagation. The maximum group delay increases significantly with the increasing atom–cavity coupling strength, and the conversion between slow light and fast light can also be achieved by adjusting the atom–cavity coupling strength. These results may have potential applications for quantum information processing and high precision measurements.

Serum neuronal pentraxin 2 is related to cognitive dysfunction and electroencephalogram slow wave/fast wave frequency ratio in epilepsy

BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction in epileptic patients is a high-incidence complication.Its mechanism is related to nervous system damage during seizures,but there is no effective diagnostic biomarker.Neuronal pentraxin 2(NPTX2)is thought to play a vital role in neurotransmission and the maintenance of synaptic plasticity.This study explored how serum NPTX2 and electroencephalogram(EEG)slow wave/fast wave frequency ratio relate to cognitive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy.AIM To determine if serum NPTX2 could serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosing cognitive impairment in epilepsy patients.METHODS The participants of this study,conducted from January 2020 to December 2021,comprised 74 epilepsy patients with normal cognitive function(normal group),37 epilepsy patients with cognitive dysfunction[epilepsy patients with cognitive dysfunction(ECD)group]and 30 healthy people(control group).The minimental state examination(MMSE)scale was used to evaluate cognitive function.We determined serum NPTX2 levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent kit and calculated the signal value of EEG regions according to the EEG recording.Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between serum NPTX2 and the MMSE score.RESULTS The serum NPTX2 level in the control group,normal group and ECD group were 240.00±35.06 pg/mL,235.80±38.01 pg/mL and 193.80±42.72 pg/mL,respectively.The MMSE score was lowest in the ECD group among the three,while no significant difference was observed between the control and normal groups.In epilepsy patients with cognitive dysfunction,NPTX2 level had a positive correlation with the MMSE score(r=0.367,P=0.0253)and a negative correlation with epilepsy duration(r=−0.443,P=0.0061)and the EEG slow wave/fast wave frequency ratio value in the temporal region(r=−0.339,P=0.039).CONCLUSION Serum NPTX2 was found to be related to cognitive dysfunction and the EEG slow wave/fast wave frequency ratio in patients with epilepsy.It is thus a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment in patients with epilepsy.

Nonlinear fast–slow dynamics of a coupled fractional order hydropower generation system

Internal effects of the dynamic behaviors and nonlinear characteristics of a coupled fractional order hydropower generation system(HGS) are analyzed. A mathematical model of hydro-turbine governing system(HTGS) with rigid water hammer and hydro-turbine generator unit(HTGU) with fractional order damping forces are proposed. Based on Lagrange equations, a coupled fractional order HGS is established. Considering the dynamic transfer coefficient eis variational during the operation, introduced e as a periodic excitation into the HGS. The internal relationship of the dynamic behaviors between HTGS and HTGU is analyzed under different parameter values and fractional order. The results show obvious fast–slow dynamic behaviors in the HGS, causing corresponding vibration of the system, and some remarkable evolution phenomena take place with the changing of the periodic excitation parameter values.

Majorana fermions induced fast-and slow-light in a hybrid semiconducting nanowire/superconductor device

We investigate theoretically Rabi-like splitting and Fano resonance in absorption spectra of quantum dots(QDs)based on a hybrid QD-semiconducting nanowire/superconductor(SNW/SC)device mediated by Majorana fermions(MFs).Under the condition of pump on-resonance and off-resonance,the absorption spectrum experiences the conversion from Fano resonance to Rabi-like splitting in different parametric regimes.In addition,the Fano resonances are accompanied by the rapid normal phase dispersion,which will indicate the coherent optical propagation.The results indicate that the group velocity index is tunable with controlling the interaction between the QD and MFs,which can reach the conversion between the fast-and slow-light.Fano resonance will be another method to detect MFs and our research may indicate prospective applications in quantum information processing based on the hybrid QD-SNW/SC devices.

Tunable optomechanically induced transparency and fast-slow light in a loop-coupled optomechanical system

We theoretically explore the tunability of optomechanically induced transparency(OMIT)phenomenon and fast-slow light effect in a loop-coupled hybrid optomechanical system in which two optical modes are coupled to a common mechanical mode.In the probe output spectrum,we find that the interference phenomena OMIT caused by the optomechanical interactions and the normal mode splitting(NMS)induced by the strong tunnel coupling between the cavities can be observed.We further observe that the tunnel interaction will affect the distance and the heights of the sideband absorption peaks.The results also show that the switch from absorption to amplification can be realized by tuning the driving strength because of the existence of stability condition.Except from modulating the tunnel interaction,the conversion between slow light and fast light also can be achieved by adjusting the optomechanical interaction in the output field.This study may provide a potential application in the fields of high precision measurement and quantum information processing.

Fast and Slow Responses of the North Pacific Mode Water and Subtropical Countercurrent to Global Warming

Six coupled general circulation models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) are em-ployed for examining the full evolution of the North Pacific mode water and Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) under global warming over 400 years following the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5. The mode water and STCC first show a sharp weakening trend when the radiative forcing increases, but then reverse to a slow strengthening trend of smaller magnitude after the radiative forcing is stablized. As the radiative forcing increases during the 21st century, the ocean warming is surface-intensified and decreases with depth, strengthening the upper ocean's stratification and becoming unfavorable for the mode water formation. Moving southward in the subtropical gyre, the shrinking mode water decelerates the STCC to the south. After the radiative forcing is stabilized in the 2070s, the subsequent warming is greater at the subsurface than at the sea surface, destabilizing the upper ocean and becoming favorable for the mode water formation. As a result, the mode water and STCC recover gradually after the radiative forc-ing is stabilized.

Stability and oscillations in a slow-fast flexible joint system with transformation delay

Flexible joints are usually used to transfer velocities in robot systems and may lead to delays in motion transformation due to joint flexibility. In this paper, a linkrotor structure connected by a flexible joint or shaft is firstly modeled to be a slow-fast delayed system when moment of inertia of the lightweight link is far less than that of the heavy rotor. To analyze the stability and oscillations of the slowfast system, the geometric singular perturbation method is extended, with both slow and fast manifolds expressed analytically. The stability of the slow manifold is investigated and critical boundaries are obtained to divide the stable and the unstable regions. To study effects of the transformation delay on the stability and oscillations of the link, two quantitatively different driving forces derived from the negative feedback of the link are considered. The results show that one of these two typical driving forces may drive the link to exhibit a stable state and the other kind of driving force may induce a relaxation oscillation for a very small delay. However, the link loses stability and undergoes regular periodic and bursting oscillation when the transformation delay is large. Basically, a very small delay does not affect the stability of the slow manifold but a large delay affects substantially.

Selection Progress of Wannan Native Chicken's Fast and Slow Feathering Lines

[Objective]This experiment aimed to establish fast and slow feathering lines from purified and rejuvenated core breeding flock. [Method] Individual and family selection were used for continuous selection from zero to the second generation. [Result]The results showed that in the fast feathering line,the average weight gain was improved by 108. 34 g per generation in roosters at the age of 20 weeks while a 54. 5 g increase was got per generation in hens. Hen housed egg production was increased from 150 to 170 at the age of 66 weeks,and the healthy rate of chicken flock was raised by 0. 7 percent. In the slow feathering line,the average weight gain was increased by 156. 6g per generation in roosters while a 38. 9 g increase was got per generation in hens,and the hen housed egg production was increased from 158 to 179 at the age of 66 weeks. [Conclusion] This research had a great significance in increasing native chicken＇s production performance and developing its market competitiveness.

Bursting oscillation in CO oxidation with small excitation and the enveloping slow-fast analysis method

Based on the traditional scheme for a nonlinear system with multiple time scales, the enveloping slow-fast analysis method is developed in the paper, which can be employed to investigate the dynamics of nonlinear fields with multiple time scales with periodic excitation. Upon using the method, the behaviors of the kinetic model of CO oxidation on the platinum group metals have been explored in detail. Two typicM bursting phenomena such as Fold/Fold/Hopf bursting and Fold/Fold bursting, are presented, the bifurcation mechanisms of which have been obtained. Furthermore, the dynamic difference between the two cases corresponding to relatively large and small perturbation frequencies, respectively, has been presented, which can be used to describe the influence of the frequencies involving in the evolution on the bursting behaviors in the system.

Modified slow-fast analysis method for slow-fast dynamical systems with two scales in frequency domain

A modified slow-fast analysis method is presented for the periodically excited non-autonomous dynamical system with an order gap between the exciting frequency and the natural frequency.By regarding the exciting term as a slow-varying parameter,a generalized autonomous fast subsystem can be defined,the equilibrium branches as well as the bifurcations of which can be employed to account for the mechanism of the bursting oscillations by combining the transformed phase portrait introduced.As an example,a typical periodically excited Hartley model is used to demonstrate the validness of the method,in which the exciting frequency is far less than the natural frequency.The equilibrium branches and their bifurcations of the fast subsystem with the variation of the slow-varying parameter are presented.Bursting oscillations for two typical cases are considered,which reveals that,fold bifurcation may cause the the trajectory to jump between different equilibrium branches,while Hopf bifurcation may cause the trajectory to oscillate around the stable limit cycle.

Multi-window transparency and fast–slow light switching in a quadratically coupled optomechanical system assisted with three-level atoms

We study theoretically the features of the output field of a quadratically coupled optomechanical system assisted with three-level atoms. In this system, the atoms interact with the cavity field and are driven by a classical field, and the cavity is driven by a strong coupling field and a weak signal field. We find that there exists a multi-window transparency phenomenon. The width of the transparent windows can be adjusted by controlling the system parameters, including the number of the atoms, the powers of the lasers driving the atoms and driving the cavity, and the environment temperature. We also find that a tunable switch from fast light to slow light can be realized in this system.

A limit theorem for the solutions of slow–fast systems with fractional Brownian motion

A limit theorem which can simplify slow–fast dynamical systems driven by fractional Brownian motion with the Hurst parameter H inside the（1/2, 1） interval has been proved. The slow variables of the original system can be approximated by the solution of the simplified equations in the sense of mean square. An example is presented to illustrate the applications of the limit theorem.

Decomposition of Fast and Slow Cloud Responses to Quadrupled CO_(2)Forcing in BCC–AGCM2.0 over East Asia

In this study,the decomposed fast and slow responses of clouds to an abruptly quadrupled CO_(2)concentration(approximately 1139 ppmv)in East Asia(EA)are obtained quantitatively by using a general circulation model,BCC–AGCM2.0.Our results show that in the total response,the total cloud cover(TCC),low cloud cover(LCC),and high cloud cover(HCC)all increased north of 40°N and decreased south of 40°N except in the Tibetan Plateau(TP).The mean changes of the TCC,LCC,and HCC in EA were–0.74%,0.38%,and–0.38%in the total response,respectively;1.05%,–0.03%,and 1.63%in the fast response,respectively;and–1.79%,0.41%,and–2.01%in the slow response,respectively.By comparison,we found that changes in cloud cover were dominated by the slow response in most areas in EA due to the changes in atmospheric temperature,circulation,and water vapor supply together.Overall,the changes in the cloud forcing over EA related to the fast and slow responses were opposite to each other,and the final cloud forcing was dominated by the slow response.The mean net cloud forcing(NCF)in the total response over EA was–1.80 W m^(–2),indicating a cooling effect which partially offset the warming effect caused by the quadrupled CO_(2).The total responses of NCF in the TP,south China(SC),and northeast China(NE)were–6.74 W m^(–2),6.11 W m^(–2),and–7.49 W m^(–2),respectively.Thus,the local effects of offsetting or amplifying warming were particularly obvious.

Running slow or running fast;that is the question:The merits of high-intensity interval training

In a recent issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,García-Pinillos et al.~1 reviewed evidence on the effects of highintensity intermittent training(interval training)(HIIT)on muscular and performance adaptations in recreational runners.

Comparison of the morphometric dynamics of fast-growing and slow-growing strains of turbot Scophthalmus maximus

The dynamics of changes in body shape of fast-growing and slow-growing strains of turbot Scophthalmus maximus, and of the differences in body shape between the two strains, were evaluated from 3 to 27 months of age. The ratios of total length/body length, body width/body length and total length/body width were used as morphometric indices. The two strains exhibited different temporal trends in total length/body length but similar trends in body width/body length and total length/body width. Generally, body width/body length of the two strains increased with time and total length/body width decreased. Thus, the bodies of both fast-growing and slow-growing strains of turbot changed from a narrow to a more rounded shape. However, the ratio total length/body length was generally lower, body width/body length was mostly higher and total length/body width was consistently lower in the fast-growing strain than in the slowgrowing strain. Correlation analysis of the three shape ratios with body weight showed that total length/body length and total length/body width were unsuitable, and that width/body length was suitable, for use as a phenotypic marker for selective breeding of turbot for growth in weight.

Time-Delay Effects on Synchronization of Coupled Slow-Fast Systems

Time-delay effects on synchronization features of delay-coupled slow-fast van der Pol systems are investigated in the present paper. The synchronization mechanism of “slow-manifold adjustment” is firstly described on the basis of geometric singular perturbation theory. Then, the impact of time delay on the structure of the slow manifold of synchronized system is obtained by using the method of stability switch, and thus, time-delay effects on synchronization features are stated. It is shown the time delay cannot qualitatively affect the synchronization mechanism, however, it can result in the drift of the optimal coupling strength.

基于行人恐慌情绪解析的改进社会力模型

为深入研究行人恐慌情绪对突发事件下群体疏散效率的影响特性,首先,考虑滞留时间、局部密度、行人与出口的距离、周围人员密度以及行人恐慌情绪传播等因素,解析并构建由自恐慌和恐慌传播2部分组成的行人恐慌情绪量化模型,并将其引入社会力模型中进行改进优化;然后,采用与经典现象对比的方法验证模型的有效性;最后,运用Anylogic软件进行仿真分析。结果表明:改进后的模型能够较好地反映行人在恐慌情形下的疏散运动特性;适度的恐慌情绪,如当恐慌度小于0.3时,可以加快人群的疏散速度;较高的恐慌情绪,如当恐慌值大于0.3时,则会加剧瓶颈现象,出现所谓的“快即是慢”现象,从而降低疏散效率。

卡斯卡迪亚慢滑移信息的GNSS时空探测

针对断层慢滑移时空分布信息探测困难的问题,基于全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)坐标序列,提出一种利用多通道奇异谱分析(MSSA)探测卡斯卡迪亚消减带慢滑移事件时空分布的方法:根据慢滑移分量的振荡特点确定窗口长度,采用时间迟滞矩阵对协方差阵进行增广,以提高对异常信息的识别能力;对振幅归一化获取空间响应,通过快速傅里叶变换分析慢滑移频谱特征。结果表明,卡斯卡迪亚消减带2007-01-05—2007-02-23和2008-04-22—2008-06-14发生了2次慢滑移事件,2次事件呈东南、西北区域的反向运动特征,且东南部响应程度明显高于西北地区;频谱特征显示,慢滑移信息表现为低频特征,且主要为随机游走噪声。研究结果可为板内地震前兆性信息探测提供参考。

基于阈值控制策略的Filippov Chay神经元动力学及其耦合同步

细胞内外带电离子的连续泵送和传递产生的电磁感应效应对神经元的电活动及模态转换会产生一定的影响,促使其展现出更加丰富的放电特性.文章基于电磁感应影响下的Chay神经元模型,引入了一种以膜电压为阈值的不连续控制策略,建立了相应的Filippov Chay神经元模型,探究了在阈值控制策略影响下的神经元放电节律转迁及相应的边界运动.首先,对系统的边界动力学及滑膜动力学进行了理论分析.其次,利用单双参数分岔图探究了系统多样的放电模式.再次,结合Matcont仿真及稳定性理论详细分析了系统的平衡点及其稳定性,并且利用快慢动力学分析法进一步研究了在阈值影响下所产生的滑膜动力学及各种边界运动的切换.最后,通过电突触耦合,对不同阈值条件下耦合神经元的同步问题进行了讨论.数值仿真结果表明,在阈值的调控下Filippov Chay系统会产生滑膜放电活动及相应的穿越运动和擦边运动,同时其放电周期数也会随着阈值呈现出不同的变化规律,且对于不同阈值下的电耦合情况而言,在系统实现完全同步后都会稳定在周期数较低的放电态.以上所得结果有助于更好地理解神经元滑膜的相关控制,对进一步探究生物神经系统中复杂放电活动和信息处理的动力学行为提供了一定的帮助.

光学参量放大器辅助的复合腔磁系统中磁力诱导透明及快慢光效应

提出了一种含有光学参量放大器的复合腔磁系统。利用系统海森堡-郎之万演化方程和输入-输出关系研究了磁力诱导透明和快慢光效应。数值计算表明:当腔磁系统考虑磁振子-声子耦合时,出现双重透明窗口。磁振子-声子之间的耦合强度增强,透明窗口宽度变宽,深度加深。在系统中调控光学参量放大器的增益,吸收光谱在共振频率两侧出现不对称现象,吸收谱曲线的峰值随光学参量放大器增益的增加而变大。通过调节腔磁耦合强度,改变了吸收光谱和色散光谱的传输特性。此外,探测场的传输速率依赖于光学参量放大器的增益。腔磁系统的快慢光效应及其切换通过调控光学参量放大器得以实现。该研究结果可为量子光学操纵和量子信息存储的研究提供参考。