Factors controlling the formation and evolution of source rocks in the Shahezi Formation,Xujiaweizi fault depression,Songliao Basin

The types and quality of source rocks in the Shahezi Formation are the key factors affecting the distributions of various deep gas reservoirs in the Xujiaweizi fault depression in Songliao Basin.To clarify the quality differences and origins of different types of source rocks in the Shahezi Formation,this study reconstructed the sedimentary and water environment,determined the controlling effects of fault activity,sedimentary facies,and paleo-sedimentary environment on the quality of various source rocks,by making full use of seismic,logging,core,organic geochemical and element geochemical analysis.The results show that two types of source rocks developed in the Shahezi Formation,namely,mudstones and coals.The mudstones have a relatively high abundance of organic matter,which consists of type-Ⅱ kerogen and partial type-Ⅲ kerogen,and are concentrated in Sha-I Member.The coals have a high abundance of organic matter,which consist of type-Ⅲ kerogen,and are mainly distributed in Sha-Ⅱ Member.During the deposition of Sha-I Member,intense fault activity formed arrow,deep-water lacustrine basins with high salinity and strong reducibility on the downthrow sides of faults.During the deposition of Sha-II Member,fault activity progressively weakened,and the areas of lacustrine basins enlarged to their maximum values and became wide,shallow-water basins with low salinity and low reducibility.The development of source rocks was controlled by fault activity,sedimentary facies,and paleo-sedimentary environment.Fault activity formed accommodation space on the downthrown sides of faults for mudstone accumulation,thus determining mudstone thickness.The sedimentary environment controlled the organic matter input and determined the distribution of mudstones and coals.The paleo-sedimentary environment,which consisted of paleo-salinity,as well as paleo-water depth and redox conditions,affected the accumulation and preservation of organic matter and is the main controlling factor for the quality difference of various source rocks in the Shahezi Formation.

Study on source rock potential and source rocks spatial distribution in the Manghan Faulted Sag, Kailu Basin

Manghan Faulted Sag is an exploratory target area in Kailu Basin. In order to determine its exploration prospect, the effectiveness of its source rocks is evaluated by organic geochemical behavior analysis of the samples, and their distributions are predicted using trace integration seismic inversion technology. Studies on their organic matter abundance, type and maturity indicate that the source rocks in the Sag have great generating potentials. Furthermore, it is found that, based on the spatial distribution predication, the source rocks in the Sag are well developed. Therefore, the Sag has a promising prospect for exploration.

Molecular geochemical characteristics of source rock in faulted lacustrine basin:A case study of the Lishu Fault Depression in southern Songliao Basin,China

Terrestrial faulted lacustrine basin is considered as a favorable place for the development of source rocks,especially the fault basins in eastern China.Based on molecular composition study of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons in the extracts of source rocks of the Yingcheng and Shahezi formations in the Lishu Fault Depression,it is revealed that the extracts of source rocks are provided with low ratio of Pr/Ph,low content of C24 tetracyclic terpanes,high content of tricyclic terpanes and gammacerane,relatively high content of C27 steranes in the sag belt and its periphery;relatively high ratio of Pr/Ph,relatively high content of tetracyclic terpanes and gammacerane,low content of C27 steranes and obvious advantages of C29 steranes in its gentle slope belt;with high ratio of Pr/Ph,high content of C19,C20 tricyclic and C24 tetracyclic terpanes,very low content of gammacerane and C27 steranes,and high content of C29 steranes in the edge of fault depression.According to the organic matter input and sedimentary environment,three types of source rocks have been established,which,respectively,are the mode of mixing organic matter input in deep and semi-deep lake,the advantage of terrigenous input in shallow lake and terrigenous input in shore-shallow lacustrine.The first mode is supposed to generate oil and gas,while the second one tends to generate oil.The distribution characteristics of oil and gas in the Lishu Fault Depression are very likely to be controlled by hydrocarbon generating characteristic of different source rock types.

Characteristics of fault rocks and paleo-earthquake source along the Koktokay-Ertai fault zone,Xinjiang,China

The Koktokay Ertai fault zone was developed on the basis of a former ductile shear zone (mylonite zone). The mylonites were formed in the brittle ductile transition zone at 10～15 km depth within the crust. The rocks had experienced multi period deformation processes, including ductile deformation, ductile instability and brittle seismic faulting which had gave rise to the formation of Koktokay Ertai fault zone and the development of pseudotachylytes. The pseudotachylytes are distributed within an area about 60 km in length and 300 m in width, which may represent the scale of the paleo earthquake source. The physical conditions of the paleo earthquake source was similar to those for the formation of the mylonites along this zone.

Mapping of oil-source faults in reservoire-cap rock combinations without a source rock

Oil and gas exploration near faults in shallow strata is investigated in this study based on an analysis of oil-source faults in reservoire-cap rock combinations without a source rock.The oil-source faults were mapped by superimposition of the distribution area of oil-source faults and the leakage area of cap rocks.This method is applied to the mapping of oil-source faults for two sets of reservoire-cap rock combinations without a source rock in the Banqiao area of the Qikou Sag in the Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China.Combination B is formed by a mudstone cap rock of the middle sub-member of the 1st member of the Shahejie Formation(E3s1 M)with its underlying reservoir,while Combination C is formed by a mudstone cap rock of the 2nd member of the Dongying Formation(E_(3)d_(2))with its underlying reservoir.The results show that the oil-source faults of Combination B are relatively better developed and mainly occur in the northeast and southeast,while those of Combination C are not as well developed and are only distributed at the southeastern edge of the study area with a small proportion in the north.These results are consistent with the fact that oil and gas are mainly distributed near oil-source faults,proving the method proposed is workable in determining the oil-source faults in reservoire-cap rock combinations without a source rock.

Comparison the Performances of Three Earthing Systems for Micro-Grid Protection during the Grid Connected Mode

This paper presents, tests and compares three earthing systems (TT, TN and IT) for Micro-Grid (MG) protection against various fault types during the connected mode. The main contribution of this work is including the models of all the micro sources which interfaced to the MG by power electronic inverters. Inverters in turns are provided with current limiters and this also included in the inverter models to exactly simulate the real situation in the MG during fault times. Results proved that the most suitable earthing system for MG protection during the connecting mode is the TN earthing system. That system leads to a suitable amount of fault current sufficient to activate over current protection relays. With using TN system, Touch voltages at the faulted bus and all other consumer’s buses are less than the safety limited value if current limiter is included with the transformer of the main grid which connects MG. For the two others earthing systems (TT and IT), fault current is small and nearly equal to the over load current which make over current protection relay can not differentiate between fault current and overload current. All models of micro sources, earthing systems, inverters, main grid and control schemes are built using Matlab?/Simulink? environment.

准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷石炭系火山岩凝析气藏的发现与勘探启示

准噶尔盆地石炭系火山岩油气藏是油气勘探的重点领域之一。根据录测井资料、地球化学分析数据及岩石薄片鉴定资料,结合地球物理方法,厘清了准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷石炭系火山岩油气成藏的主控因素,总结出深层火山岩气藏富集规律,明确了有利勘探方向。研究结果表明:(1)准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷风城组烃源岩厚度为100~300 m,面积约为5 400 km2,整体进入生凝析油—干气阶段,生气强度大于20×108m3/km2,为凹陷提供了丰富的天然气源。(2)研究区石炭系火山岩岩性复杂,爆发作用形成的安山质火山角砾岩受到风化淋滤作用,可形成物性较好的风化壳型储层。石炭系—二叠系大型不整合面和广泛发育的深大断裂是重要的输导体系,二叠系上乌尔禾组泥岩作为区域盖层,为凝析气成藏提供了保存条件,油藏主要分布在高部位,气藏分布于低部位。(3)通过“两宽一高”(宽方位、宽频带、高密度)技术,提高地震成像精度,联合时-频电磁技术(TFEM),实现了石炭系火山岩的精细刻画,为深层油气藏的勘探提供了有力支撑。石西16井的重大突破,证实了盆1井西凹陷石炭系火山岩具有巨大的勘探潜力。

塔里木盆地富满油田走滑断裂带通源性评价

塔里木盆地走滑断裂带对油气藏形成具有控制作用,走滑断裂带与油源连通性对油气运移、聚集非常重要。基于3D地震资料,运用Riedel剪切离散元模型和完全塑性介质-应力上升函数模型,对塔里木盆地富满油田Ⅱ区块FI 17走滑断裂带油源连通性进行了评价。研究结果显示:①FI 17走滑断裂带海西晚期雁列断裂拖曳点深度(h)理论计算值远小于实测值,表明其走滑断裂T张破裂成因,而非R剪切断裂。②FI 17走滑断裂带通源深度平均达9~18 km,表明该断裂能够将其下伏埋深10 km以下的玉尔吐斯组烃源岩生成的油气直接输导至上覆奥陶系断(缝)溶体圈闭中聚集成藏。③FI 17走滑断裂带通源深度(H)自北而南增加,其断控形成油气藏中的原油密度、天然气干燥系数、油气充注期次及各期次贡献度与油源连通性密切相关,表明油源连通性对油气聚集具有控制作用。走滑断裂级别、走向分段性、活动强度和断穿地层不同,控制作用也不同。油源连通性会沿着走向发生显著变化,影响油气垂向输导效能。

塔里木盆地塔东地区油气地质条件与有利地质体资源潜力

大庆油田塔东探区主体位于塔里木盆地台盆过渡区满西台缘带,勘探程度低,资源潜力大。勘探主要集中在古城地区,未获规模突破。近年来通过老井复查、构造-岩相古地理研究,明确了台缘带油气基础地质条件,落实了成藏有利区带,拓展了塔里木盆地寒武系勘探新类型。结果表明:塔东探区发育玉满裂陷、玉都裂陷槽盆相,斜坡陆棚相等多套烃源岩;寒武系—中下奥陶统台缘带高能礁滩继承发育,多组走滑断裂控储、控藏、控富集;“黑被子”泥岩、“白被子”膏岩2套区域盖层分布广泛,源、储、盖紧密配置,具备规模成藏条件;纵向上,油气受走滑断裂及区域盖层控制,主要分布在中下奥陶统碳酸盐岩地层;横向上,以玉满、玉都裂陷槽为中心,油气规模富集;玉满奥陶系鹰山组上段断溶体、鹰山组下段礁滩-断溶复合体成藏条件优越,发育凝析气藏,是塔东最现实的效益勘探领域;寒武系盐下礁滩体、断控丘滩带源、储、盖配置好,资源潜力大,可作为增储上产的接替领域。塔东探区多领域均展现出万亿立方米的气资源规模,有望快速建成大庆油田稳油增气的重要基地。

超深断控储集体储层连通性的地震描述方法

新疆塔里木盆地顺北地区发育埋藏深度超7000 m的碳酸盐岩断控缝洞储集体,储集体内部非均质性强,地震资料成像精度无法分辨和识别储集体内部储层结构。在无井或井之外储集体连通性无法描述的条件下部署井位,导致同一连通单元钻井数量过多,或钻井直接命中主体规模性储集体概率低,增加大型酸压作业导致勘探开发成本增加,制约了超深碳酸盐岩断控缝洞储集体油气藏高效勘探开发。针对现有碳酸盐岩断控储集体储层连通性识别描述方法应用范围存在的不足,提出了一种适用于超深领域无井区域的碳酸盐岩断控储集体储层连通性地震描述方法。首先应用地震最大似然属性及门槛值,结合属性井震标定或地质规律认识,通过三维雕刻获得断控储集体的空间轮廓。其次在断控储集体空间范围内通过地震均方根速度获取同一海拔深度任意两点的地层压力,比较这两点的压力差从而判断该两点之间储层是否具有连通性。这种利用同一个连通缝洞单元内同一深度地层压力相等原理描述储集体连通性的方法经生产验证是有效适用的,能够为其他地区相似地质目标的储层内部连通性判别提供可实施的技术流程和方法借鉴。

塔里木盆地塔北地区多期断裂差异匹配控制下超深岩溶缝洞储层成藏特征

超深断控岩溶缝洞型油藏是塔北地区重要油藏类型,探讨多期构造活动与深层油气成藏匹配关系对区域油气勘探具有重要意义。基于哈拉哈塘油田、金跃油田和富满油田连片地震资料,以野外地质露头断裂特征为指导,采用多种地震精细解释手段,分期、分级、分段刻画研究区断裂。基于研究区中寒武统玉尔吐斯烃源岩认识,结合加里东期、海西期和喜马拉雅期3期成藏的特点,将研究区走滑为主的控藏断裂划分为加里东早期、加里东中晚期、海西晚期和喜马拉雅期。进一步分析多期断裂继承性关系、通源特点和调整作用等,结合多种类型岩溶缝洞型储层的开发现状,探讨了研究区走滑断裂控制下的岩溶缝洞型储层成藏差异性。结果表明:(1)研究区油气藏关键因素是油源断裂通源性与后期断裂的调整作用,将加里东早期正断裂系统定义为源内断裂,加里东晚期形成的走滑断裂系统定义为源外断裂,源内断裂利于寒武系烃源岩排烃,源外断裂进一步沟通烃源岩实现油气运移成藏,基于这种认识建立4种通源模式;(2)结合研究区存在加里东晚期、海西期和喜马拉雅期3个主力生烃期的认识,海西晚期部分北西向走滑断裂继承性发育至二叠系,对加里东期油藏有一定的破坏和调整作用,喜马拉雅期部分北东向走滑断裂系统继承性发育至新近系,对早期油气藏起破坏和调整作用,建立了3种调整样式;(3)根据断裂匹配关系,建立6种走滑断裂控藏等级,并将研究区加里东中晚期走滑断裂带逐一划分,叠合开采现状图显示差异控藏断裂与油气生产情况匹配度较高;(4)选择发育断裂与岩溶共同控储的研究区,建立多期断裂系统与多种类型岩溶缝洞油气藏的匹配关系,并将认识成功应用于研究区井位勘探中,取得较好效果,为受控于走滑断层的岩溶缝洞油气藏勘探开发提供一定指导意义。

川西磨西断裂湾东地热水化学特征及成因机制

【目的】地热能开发是实现碳达峰、碳中和的重要途径。磨西断裂位于川西鲜水河断裂南段,拥有丰富的地热资源,是未来地热能开发的重点区域。【方法】对四川磨西断裂湾东地热区开展水文地球化学研究,通过水化学相关性分析其水-岩作用过程,利用地热温标、硅-焓混合模型等方法计算其热储温度、冷热水混合比例,采用氢氧同位素探明补给来源和补给高程。【结果和结论】结果显示:磨西断裂地热水的水化学类型包括HCO_(3)·Cl-Na型和HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Mg型。地热水的水化学组分主要受水-岩作用(泥盆系大理岩方解石矿物溶解)影响,其中HCO_(3)·Cl-Na型地热水在磨西断裂深部受岩浆水混合和CO_(2)脱气作用影响。HCO_(3)·Cl-Na型地热水热储温度较高(159.16~228.57℃),沿磨西断裂循环深度较大;HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Mg型地热水的热储温度较低(111.02~138.04℃),沿次级构造草科断裂运移,循环深度较小。地热水的补给来源均为大气降水和深部岩浆水,补给区为湾东地热区西部贡嘎山,补给高程在2 382~2 981 m。本次研究探明了湾东地热区存在2种不同成因模式,其水化学特征和热储温度差异显著,可为该区地热能开发提供更具针对性的理论依据。

鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素

综合利用地球化学、扫描电镜、岩心薄片、测井等资料以及油井生产数据等,对鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系延长组7段储层特征、烃源岩特征和致密油分布特征进行了分析,从烃源岩展布、输导体系和源-储组合关系3个方面对致密油差异富集控制因素进行了探讨,并总结了成藏模式。研究结果表明:(1)陕北地区长7段致密砂岩储层主要分布在一亚段(长71)和二亚段(长72),以灰色—灰白色长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,长71和长72平均孔隙度分别为5.56%和7.32%,平均渗透率分别为0.097 m D和0.110 m D,长72储层物性更好;孔隙空间以溶孔为主,发育少量粒间孔。(2)研究区烃类主要来源于本地长72顶部和长73这2套烃源岩,平均厚度大于20 m,有机质丰度高,平均TOC值为3.02%,干酪根类型以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ1型为主,处于生烃高峰期,平均生烃量为270.2×10^(4)t/km^(2),长73烃源岩生烃潜力更大,供烃至长72储层,长71致密油来源于长72烃源岩;新安边地区三角洲前缘亚相末端的长72储层中致密油由湖盆烃源岩侧向供烃。(3)研究区致密油富集受烃源岩展布、砂体连通性以及源-储组合共同控制,在长72更富集,在新安边地区分布面积最大,安塞地区无大规模致密油聚集;纵向上和平面上致密油的聚集差异受控于烃源岩厚度和源-储组合关系,下生上储、上下生油而中间储集和砂泥互层时含油性更好;新安边地区三角洲前缘亚相末端的长72致密油聚集规模大于三角洲前缘主体,是由于三角洲前缘末端发育的局部连通砂体阻碍了湖盆烃类物质的侧向运移。(4)研究区致密油为“源控-砂控”成藏模式,远源河道优势砂体尖灭处和近源局部连通的砂体是有利勘探区。

川东地区寒武系洗象池组构造特征及成藏模式

四川盆地东部上寒武统洗象池组是盆地内下组合油气勘探的重点领域。基于地层及沉积演化特征,利用地震、钻井岩心以及地球化学等资料,分析了川东地区上寒武统洗象池组构造特征及变形机制,从源、储、盖、运4个方面分析了其油气成藏条件,并总结了成藏模式。研究结果表明:(1)川东地区寒武系洗象池组表现为以2套滑脱变形带(中寒武统高台组膏盐岩和志留系泥岩)控制的、沿北西向传递的断褶构造,发育背冲构造、叠瓦状构造、断弯褶皱和盐底辟断弯褶皱4种构造圈闭样式;中寒武统高台组膏盐岩和中—下奥陶统泥灰岩2套盖层分别将下寒武统筇竹寺组、上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组2套烃源岩与洗象池组隔离。(2)研究区洗象池组具备油气成藏条件,五峰组—龙马溪组泥页岩是主要烃源岩,厚度为300~700 m,TOC值为2%~7%,生烃能力强,Ro为2.4%~4.0%,处于过成熟阶段;洗象池组沉积后期被岩溶和裂缝改造的滩相白云岩是相对优质的规模较大的储层,孔隙度大于2.1%;燕山期构造抬升和变形不仅在洗象池组形成了有效构造圈闭,还使其突破中—下奥陶统盖层与五峰组—龙马溪组对接,实现了油气的水平侧向运移。(3)研究区洗象池组为“新生古储、源储并置、侧向运移、构造圈闭”晚期天然气成藏模式;逆冲断层导致上盘褶皱的洗象池组与下盘五峰组—龙马溪组在水平面上并置,形成了源-储横向对接的构造圈闭,有效地提高了供烃和成藏的效率。

松辽盆地德惠断陷白垩系火石岭组凝灰岩储层预测及成藏主控因素

基于钻井岩心分析、测井曲线、地震等资料,运用模型正演、多参数反演体融合技术等,对松辽盆地德惠断陷白垩系火石岭组凝灰岩储层分布特征及油气富集条件进行了研究,预测了优质储层分布。研究结果表明:(1)松辽盆地德惠断陷白垩系火石岭组凝灰岩为裂隙式喷发形成的火山碎屑岩,主要为含角砾熔结凝灰岩、含角砾晶屑凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩。地震反射特征总体表现为低频、差连续、中强振幅或弱振幅,多参数反演体融合体技术预测的凝灰岩储层“甜点”分布与钻井证实结果的符合率高,凝灰岩储层平均钻遇率达92.8%,气层平均钻遇率为81.0%,其中12口井获得了工业气流;华家构造带与郭家断阶带储层岩性分别以含角砾熔结凝灰岩和含角砾晶屑凝灰岩为主,断裂发育,是2个优质储层发育区。(2)研究区凝灰岩的测井和地震相特征相匹配形成的岩性-岩相模板可有效指导凝灰岩的地震相识别,振幅属性刻画出的火山口相、近火山岩相为有利岩性分布区。(3)研究区发育火石岭组、沙河子组、营城组3套优质烃源岩厚度均超过300 m,TOC值分别为0.26%~5.08%,0.10%~5.55%,0.10%~9.74%,S1+S2分别为0.24~8.23 mg/g,0.12~18.15 mg/g,0.25~2.86 mg/g,Ro分别为0.6%~1.3%,1.1%~1.6%,1.0%~2.2%,具有丰度高,成熟度中等的特征,为大规模成藏奠定了良好的物质基础。(4)研究区凝灰岩气藏是一套源储侧向对接、高位富集的致密气藏,成藏主要受构造样式、断裂发育程度和供烃窗口控制,其中拉张和伸展作用形成的叠瓦状断弯褶皱控制了油气富集程度,断裂发育程度及供烃窗口的大小决定了气藏规模。

梨树断陷双龙次洼SW20井烃源岩生烃史

梨树断陷双龙次洼烃源岩生烃史模拟对研究区油气勘探具有重要意义。本文利用盆地模拟技术恢复研究区SW20井埋藏史、热史和烃源岩生烃史。研究证实:(1)梨树断陷双龙次洼沙河子组和营城组烃源岩有机质丰度较高,沙一段烃源岩有机质丰度最高,TOC平均值达到6.39%,沙二段次之,TOC平均为1.98%,有机质类型以Ⅱ型为主,营城组有机质丰度相对较低,TOC平均只有1.58%,有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主;两套烃源岩热解Tmax值介于430~463℃,现今Ro介于0.58%至1.17%之间,整体处于低熟—成熟阶段。(2)SW20井沉积地层埋藏史、热史和烃源岩生烃史模拟结果显示,沙河子组烃源岩在113 Ma进入生油门限,进入中等成熟阶段的时间为103 Ma,93 Ma进入晚成熟阶段;营城组烃源岩则在110 Ma进入生油门限,大约在100 Ma进入中等成熟阶段,65 Ma进入晚成熟阶段。在65 Ma左右,盆地构造格局发生变化,地层抬升,地层温度转而持续下降,烃源岩热演化进程趋于停滞。

基于盲源分离和机器学习的光伏并网逆变器故障诊断

针对光伏并网逆变器单个开关管发生开路故障不易察觉的问题,提出了一种基于盲源分离和机器学习的诊断方法。首先,采用FastICA算法实现单个开关管开路故障的判定;其次,提取旋转电流在时域和频域下的特征值;最后,以旋转电流特征值为输入、逆变器工作状态编码为输出进行机器学习模型训练,并对模型进行交叉验证。仿真实验结果表明,该方法的开路故障诊断准确率较高。

源断盖配置油气聚集时期预测方法及其应用

为确定含油气盆地油源断裂处油气富集程度,在烃源岩、断裂和盖层配置及油气聚集机制研究基础上,通过油源断裂活动期、烃源岩排烃期和泥岩盖层形成期,建立了一套源断盖配置下的油气聚集期的预测方法,并利用其预测渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷沙一下亚段内油气聚集时期。结果表明,沙三段烃源岩排烃、南大港断裂开启和沙一中亚段区域性泥岩盖层形成,均为馆陶组—明化镇组沉积期,三者配置关系良好且时期较长,有利于沙三段烃源岩排出的油气在沙一下亚段内聚集成藏,预测结果与勘探成果吻合。

川中古隆起北斜坡寒武系龙王庙组油气成藏特征及演化模式

利用测井、录井、岩心分析化验等资料,对川中古隆起北斜坡下寒武统龙王庙组油气成藏条件、油气充注特征及成藏演化模式展开了深入研究。研究结果表明:(1)川中古隆起北斜坡下寒武统龙王庙组天然气具备良好的成藏条件,下伏筇竹寺组烃源岩在北斜坡腹部及西侧裂陷槽存在2个生烃中心,其TOC平均值分别为1.90%和3.46%,有机质以Ⅰ型干酪根为主,可提供充足且优质的烃源;龙王庙组内部发育的颗粒滩体岩溶储层与上覆高台组厚层致密泥质云岩,构成了优势储-盖组合;区内广泛发育的油源断裂可作为纵向优势运移通道高效输导油气。(2)研究区龙王庙组具3期成藏特征:晚三叠世末期(约214~206 Ma)发生第1期充注,大量成熟油聚集形成古油藏;早侏罗世末期(约193~186 Ma)发生第2期充注,表现为“多油少气”混合充注;中侏罗世末期(约170~164 Ma)发生第3期充注,大量油裂解气充注储层并聚集形成现今气藏。(3)研究区龙王庙组油气成藏演化可划分为4个阶段:加里东早期—二叠纪前少量低熟油充注阶段、二叠纪—三叠纪大量成熟油充注形成古油藏阶段、中侏罗世—白垩纪古油藏被破坏形成裂解气藏阶段以及晚白垩世至今气藏调整阶段。

油气沿断层垂向运移特征及主控因素分析——以东海盆地西湖凹陷平湖斜坡为例

东海盆地西湖凹陷平湖斜坡油气纵向富集差异受断层控制作用明显,但断层活动期与成藏期匹配关系差,油气成藏时断层处于不活跃期(简称静止断层),明确油气沿静止断层垂向运移特征及影响因素,可以为西湖凹陷或相似地区油气勘探提供理论依据。为此,综合测井、录井、地震等资料和包裹体均一温度及盐度、岩石热解等分析测试数据,研究平湖斜坡油气供烃层系与成藏期次,确定油气沿静止断层垂向运移特征及影响因素。结果表明,平湖斜坡供烃层系为宝石组和平湖组好—优质的成熟烃源岩,油气纵向上主要富集于平中段—平上段,具有下生上储的运聚特征。存在玉泉组—柳浪组沉积期和三潭组沉积期至今两期油气充注,断层主要活动时间为宝石组—龙井组沉积期,与成藏期匹配关系差,油气晚期沿静止断裂带发生了垂向运移。油气能够沿静止断层垂向运移的影响因素包括断裂带宽度、烃源岩层压力和断裂带排替压力。研究区断裂带宽度分布在138~288m之间,与油气垂向运移距离呈正相关关系。烃源岩层压力经历了复杂的演化过程,成藏期压力略低于现今,但已发育弱超压或超压,现今和成藏期压力系数越高,油气垂向运移距离越大。断裂带排替压力主要分布在0.2~3.5MPa之间,与油气垂向运移距离呈负相关关系。基于3个影响因素与油气垂向运移距离的相关关系,建立了断层垂向输导能力定量评价公式,评价结果与油气最大运移距离具有明显的正相关性,据此确定了平湖斜坡有利勘探层系为F2和F5断层附近的平湖组和花下段。