Modularized and Parametric Modeling Technology for Finite Element Simulations of Underground Engineering under Complicated Geological Conditions

The surrounding geological conditions and supporting structures of underground engineering are often updated during construction,and these updates require repeated numerical modeling.To improve the numerical modeling efficiency of underground engineering,a modularized and parametric modeling cloud server is developed by using Python codes.The basic framework of the cloud server is as follows:input the modeling parameters into the web platform,implement Rhino software and FLAC3D software to model and run simulations in the cloud server,and return the simulation results to the web platform.The modeling program can automatically generate instructions that can run the modeling process in Rhino based on the input modeling parameters.The main modules of the modeling program include modeling the 3D geological structures,the underground engineering structures,and the supporting structures as well as meshing the geometric models.In particular,various cross-sections of underground caverns are crafted as parametricmodules in themodeling program.Themodularized and parametric modeling program is used for a finite element simulation of the underground powerhouse of the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station.This complicatedmodel is rapidly generated for the simulation,and the simulation results are reasonable.Thus,this modularized and parametric modeling program is applicable for three-dimensional finite element simulations and analyses.

Parametric Study of Hip Fracture Risk Using QCT-Based Finite Element Analysis

Various parameters such as age,height,weight,and body mass index(BMI)influence the hip fracture risk in the elderly which is the most common injury during the sideways fall.This paper presents a parametric study of hip fracture risk based on the gender,age,height,weight,and BMI of subjects using the subject-specific QCT-based finite element modelling and simulation of single-leg stance and sideways fall loadings.Hip fracture risk is estimated using the strain energy failure criterion as a combination of bone stresses and strains leading to more accurate and reasonable results based on the bone failure mechanism.Understanding the effects of various parameters on hip fracture risk can help to prescribe more accurate preventive and treatment plans for a community based on the gender,age,height,weight,and BMI of the population.Results of this study show an increase in hip fracture risk with the increase of age,body height,weight,and BMI in both women and men under the single-leg stance and the sideways fall configurations.

Bending of small-scale Timoshenko beams based on the integral/differential nonlocal-micropolar elasticity theory: a finite element approach

A novel size-dependent model is developed herein to study the bending behavior of beam-type micro/nano-structures considering combined effects of nonlocality and micro-rotational degrees of freedom. To accomplish this aim, the micropolar theory is combined with the nonlocal elasticity. To consider the nonlocality, both integral (original) and differential formulations of Eringen’s nonlocal theory are considered. The beams are considered to be Timoshenko-type, and the governing equations are derived in the variational form through Hamilton’s principle. The relations are written in an appropriate matrix-vector representation that can be readily utilized in numerical approaches. A finite element (FE) approach is also proposed for the solution procedure. Parametric studies are conducted to show the simultaneous nonlocal and micropolar effects on the bending response of small-scale beams under different boundary conditions.

Bridge Engineering-Oriented Parametric Model

A new model is proposed to improve the efficiency of structural modeling. In this model, the bridge structural components are expressed with component description, parametric description and geometric description in a software system. This model provides both convenience and flexibility for users in structural modeling process. The object-oriented method is applied in the model implementation. A bridge analysis preprocessor is developed on the basis of this model. It provides an effective way for bridge modeling.

Modeling and Analysis of Transitional Tube with Constant Sectional Area along Derivative Central Route

Firstly, sample square-circular transition tube along straight central route was modeled on CATIA software. The parameters are as follows： let the tube length is L, and the constant cross section area is S, and S = πR^2 = a2, in which R stands for the circle radius on one end, and a the square side length on the other end; set up the coordinate system with OX axis on the central route in which the origin O is on centroid of the square end and assume the cross section size at x as the square shaped with all four comers filleted in radius r which is proportional to x, that is, the linear slope of r is R/L, thus, both values r and square side length ax can be attained on the constant cross section area assumption. Secondly, some sample polygonal-circular transition tubes along straight, circular and helical central route were implemented similarly. Thirdly, numerical analysis of stress and displacement of these tubes were carried out on MSC/PATRAN software which are important to the distribution of turbulent flow and the layout of these transitional tube structures.

3D finite element analysis of a two-surface wear model in fretting tests

This article aims at developing a computationally efficient framework to simulate the erosion of two contact surfaces in three-dimensional(3D),depending on the body resistance.The framework involves finite element(FE)resolution of a fretting problem,wear computation via a non-local criterion including a wear distribution parameter(WDP),as well as updating of the geometry and automatic remeshing.Its originality is based on the capability to capture the damage on each surface and obtain local and global results for a quantitative and qualitative analysis.Numerical simulations are carried out for two 3D contact specimens with different values of WDP.The results highlight the importance of correctly modelling wear:One-surface wear model is sufficient from a global point of view(wear volume),or whenever the wear resistance for a body is much higher than that of another one,whereas a 3D two-surface wear model is essential to capturing local effects(contact pressure,wear footprint,etc.)related to the difference in wear resistance of the bodies.

A fnite element parametric modeling technique of aircraft wing structures

A finite element parametric modeling method of aircraft wing structures is proposed in this paper because of time-consuming characteristics of finite element analysis pre-processing. The main research is positioned during the preliminary design phase of aircraft structures. A knowledge- driven system of fast finite element modeling is built. Based on this method, employing a template parametric technique, knowledge including design methods, rules, and expert experience in the process of modeling is encapsulated and a finite element model is established automatically, which greatly improves the speed, accuracy, and standardization degree of modeling. Skeleton model, geometric mesh model, and finite element model including finite element mesh and property data are established on parametric description and automatic update. The outcomes of research show that the method settles a series of problems of parameter association and model update in the process of finite element modeling which establishes a key technical basis for finite element parametric analysis and optimization design.

CFRP-PE-不锈钢筋混凝土短柱的设计方法研究

进行了17个CFRP-PE-不锈钢筋混凝土短柱和8个对比试件的轴压试验,探究不锈钢种类、箍筋间距、CFRP厚度、PE厚度对该类组合柱的破坏模态、荷载-应变曲线、极限应变、极限承载力、延性的影响规律.试验结果表明:在CFRP和混凝土间设置PE垫层能提高该类组合短柱的延性和变形能力,并降低其承载力;增大CFRP厚度可提高其承载力和极限应变,但试件表现出增大的脆性;减小箍筋间距或增大钢筋强度可显著提高其承载力、峰值应变和延性.建立了有限元模型,有限元分析表明:增大PE厚径比会显著提高该类组合短柱的变形能力和延性,并降低CFRP对其承载力的影响;增大配箍率、不锈钢强度、CFRP抗拉强度、CFRP厚度可提升该类组合短柱的极限应变与承载力;提高混凝土强度会提高该类组合短柱的峰值承载力,但降低其极限应变.最终建议了该类组合短柱的延性设计方法、承载力模型和极限应变模型.

基于混凝土损伤塑性模型的弯曲损伤RC/PC桥梁动力学特性研究

基于混凝土损伤塑性模型,通过数值模拟研究了带有弯曲损伤的RC/PC桥梁动力学特性的退化情况.首先,提出了适用于RC/PC桥梁非线性振动分析的数值模型构建方法.其次,通过RC简支梁受弯破坏试验,将试验结果与数值模拟结果进行比较,验证了数值模型的准确性.最后,基于厦门快速公交系统中某一联三跨PC连续梁桥建立了三维有限元模型,研究其在不同弯曲损伤程度下前三阶频率和振型的变化情况.结果表明,带有弯曲损伤的RC/PC桥梁的动力学特性会随着损伤程度的增加而呈现不同程度的改变.带有混凝土裂缝的桥梁的微幅振动仍然是线性的,然而随着振幅的增大频率开始降低,使振动呈现出非线性.此外,当裂缝闭合时,前三阶自振频率与振型变化不明显,难以用于识别弯曲损伤;当裂缝张开时,前三阶自振频率与振型出现明显变化,可作为损伤检测指标来识别损伤.

正交异性钢-钢纤维混凝土组合桥面板疲劳极限状态研究

为了解正交异性钢-钢纤维混凝土(Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete,SFRC)组合桥面板的疲劳性能及失效机理,以川南城际铁路临港长江大桥为背景,设计、制作正交异性钢-SFRC组合桥面板足尺模型进行疲劳试验,采用ANSYS软件建立试件有限元模型,研究关键细节的疲劳应力和开裂等情况。基于有限元模型,分析不同设计参数(钢顶板厚度、栓钉布置、SFRC抗拉强度及层厚)下组合桥面板疲劳极限状态的失效模式,并提出了主要控制参数取值建议。结果表明:200万次疲劳加载后足尺模型的实测最大裂缝宽度为0.136 mm,出现在SFRC层上缘,钢结构未开裂,组合桥面板疲劳性能良好;组合桥面板疲劳极限状态主要由SFRC层开裂控制,钢顶板厚度、栓钉布置对组合桥面板疲劳性能的影响较小,SFRC抗拉强度和层厚对组合桥面板疲劳性能影响较大,为主要控制参数;在常规正交异性钢桥面板上铺设薄层(厚度不超过50 mm)SFRC时,SFRC抗拉强度不应小于5 MPa,在常规正交异性钢桥面板上铺设普通SFRC(钢纤维体积含量不高于1%,抗拉强度不高于3 MPa)时,SFRC层厚不宜低于100 mm。

参数化腰骶有限元模型设计与验证

人体腰骶椎是承受载荷较大的部位,也是进行生物力学仿真研究的主要部位。为了提升腰骶椎部分建模的效率与灵活性,提出参数化腰骶有限元模型的建立方法。在CT图像中测取椎体的特征尺寸,并在工程建模软件中构建具有14个控制参数的L3-S1腰骶模型;同时通过三维重建法建立基于同一CT样本的腰骶重建模型。对两种模型施加相同的载荷并进行有限元分析,将仿真结果与文献报道的体外实验数据进行对比,验证了模型的有效性。基于有限元分析结果,比较了参数化模型和重建模型的椎间活动度、髓核最大应力等力学指标,结果表明,两种模型的力学指标均与文献中的实验或仿真数据接近,变化趋势与文献数据相似,即两种模型都是有效的;两种模型的椎间活动度、最大髓核内应力以及活动度随载荷大小的变化趋势等方面基本一致。以上结果说明所设计的参数化腰骶有限元模型能有效提升腰骶有限元建模与分析效率,在有限元分析中可替代重建模型。

某特种车车内中频噪声的混合FE-SEA法分析

为了更好地对特种车车内中频噪声进行分析,采用混合有限元-统计能量分析方法,建立某特种车混合FE-SEA模型,根据理论方法获取各子系统的模态密度、内损耗因子、耦合损耗因子以及有限元车身的辐射效率;通过实车试验获取发动机悬置和分动箱悬置处的激励;把获取的参数和激励施加在混合FE-SEA模型中,并在200~800 Hz频率范围内,对有限元结构子系统进行模态计算,然后仿真预测获取车内噪声声压级,同时与测试结果作对比,绝对误差在7%以内,表明仿真模型精度较好;最后对车身板件的功率贡献量进行了分析,得出驾驶室头部声腔的功率贡献量主要来于顶盖和下部声腔。

多充液可机动柔性航天器模块化建模和耦合动力学分析

针对现代航天器因携带多类型充液贮箱及可机动柔性附件而导致的动力学建模困难,文中基于参数辨识理论和有限元方法实现了该类复杂航天器的模块化建模。首先,考虑航天器运行时贮箱内液体的小幅晃动问题,利用球形贮箱小幅晃动的参数化模型推导出球形充液贮箱小幅晃动的动力学方程;其次,根据薄板小幅振动理论,运用有限单元法建立柔性附件四边形板单元动力学模型,将附件相对航天器变化的姿态角代入坐标转换矩阵,构造柔性附件作大范围机动时的时变坐标转换矩阵。再次,基于凯恩方程推导航天器整体系统的动力学状态方程,利用MATLAB软件编制出相应的模块化建模程序。最后,通过数值算例分析,研究典型构型航天器中柔性附件以不同方式机动的系统整体耦合动力学性能,验证了该建模方法的通用性、适用性和准确性。

带钢暗梁的板柱结构边节点抗弯性能研究

板柱结构以其传力途径简捷、布置灵活等优势,在工程中得到了广泛的应用,但其也存在容易发生冲切破坏等不足。目前的研究主要集中在板柱结构中柱节点,关于边节点的研究则相对较少,但边柱对结构安全同样至关重要。首先建立了带钢暗梁的钢筋混凝土空心楼盖-钢管混凝土柱边节点有限元模型,并与其他学者的试验结果进行对比,验证了有限元模型的准确性。采用验证过的有限元模型,分析了混凝土楼板厚度、楼板混凝土强度、钢暗梁翼缘宽度等参数对节点抗弯性能的影响。研究结果表明:参数变化对正、负弯矩区的影响不同,楼板厚度、钢暗梁翼缘厚度、强度和高度的增大可以提高节点的抗弯承载力,但是过厚的楼板和楼板混凝土强度的提升会降低节点变形能力;方钢管厚度和轴压比的变化对节点抗弯性能影响不大。

铝合金车体结构自动参数化建模及刚度分析

基于铝合金车体断面CAD图纸,提出了快速、全自动提取车体断面中线和厚度的方法,并实现了断面中线分组、网格划分、厚度、材料属性的自动生成和赋值。在此基础上,基于MATLAB软件自主开发了铝合金车体结构建模和刚度分析专用软件。专用软件可利用车体梁柱截面的CAD图纸,自动建立车体的门、窗、牵引梁、枕梁、缓冲梁、门立柱、端墙结构的有限元模型,并实现与车体断面有限元网格的自动完全匹配。同时,自动施加约束和载荷并形成分析工况,从而建立整车结构的参数化有限元模型,实现车体结构刚度的快速有限元分析。通过与人工创建的车体结构有限元模型刚度对比,验证了基于上述方法自动建立参数化铝合金车体结构有限元模型的正确性。

冻融循环作用下节段预制全胶接拼装梁剪力键抗剪承载力研究

为分析冻融循环对节段预制全胶接拼装混凝土梁剪力键抗剪承载力的削弱效应,建立剪力键抗剪承载力计算模型,并进行单调加载和反复加载模型试验验证,采用冻融材料应力~应变关系曲线,对冻融循环次数、冻融后反复加载、正应力水平、键齿数量、键齿尺寸进行抗剪承载力参数影响分析。结果表明:单调加载、冻融后反复加载的剪力键抗剪承载力与冻融循环次数均呈二次抛物线关系;冻融循环次数对剪力键抗剪承载力有较大削弱;冻融循环后再反复加载,剪力键抗剪承载力进一步明显降低。单调加载下,剪力键抗剪承载力和正应力呈线性正相关;剪力键抗剪承载力与键齿数量呈三次抛物线关系,键齿数量超过4个,抗剪承载力随键齿数量增多增长缓慢;剪力键抗剪承载力与键齿尺寸比呈线性正相关。

地下隧道-土体非线性动力相互作用的FE-IE-INE模型的研究

在考虑了土与结构的相互作用的基础上,采用FE-IE-INE模型来模拟土体的分层性、非线性以及土体和钢筋混凝土之间的滑移、拉裂、嵌入及土体的半无限边界.阐述了接触元建立的方法;推导了平行无限元的单元刚度矩阵方法以及无限元单元刚度矩阵组装成总体刚度矩阵的原理.通过对一双洞口矩形截面隧道的地震反应进行分析,为地下结构的抗震设计提供参考意见.

充气式指腹膨胀特性研究

掌握充气式指腹与物体的接触特性,对于推动气动机械手指进行无损抓持规划和精细化操作的研究具有重要意义.而充气式指腹进行接触之前,需要先充气膨胀,因此需要对其膨胀特性进行研究.设计了指腹模型的三维结构;确定指腹材料为超弹性材料硅胶,本构模型为Yeoh-3rd,对不同厚度的硅胶试样进行了60组单轴拉伸实验,通过最小二乘法拟合得到不同厚度硅胶的模型参数;建立了指腹膨胀有限元模型,完成了材料定义、网格划分、边界条件初始值的建立和求解器参数的配置,对膨胀模型进行有限元计算,结果表明指腹厚度为0.6 mm,充气速度W,膨胀高度为5、6、7 mm和8 mm时,腔体压力分别为29.2、42.4、55.5 kPa和68.1 kPa.

输电塔连接节点有限元参数化建模与分析

现行规范对输电塔上部结构与基础连接节点的底板简化计算,该节点整体承载力裕度不明确。为有效地建立该节点的有限元模型,判断该节点整体安全裕度,通过采用ABAQUS软件从单元类型、材料属性、模型装配、接触形式、边界条件、分析步设置、荷载计算和加载设置等方面对该节点进行了有限元参数化建模,并对底板厚度进行优化分析。结果表明:该节点破坏形式为靴板与主角钢的连接螺栓在接触平面发生剪切破坏;与现行规范的计算结果相比,有限元计算能充分考虑连接节点整体受力和塑性性能,优化后底板厚度可有效减少。该研究成果为该节点的安全评估提供了合理的参考依据,也为后续输电塔整体加固奠定了研究基础。

基于ALGOR FEAS的双圆弧齿轮参数化有限元模型的建立

双圆弧齿轮是一种比较复杂的空间螺旋体。通过C语言、AutoLISP语言编程与ALGOR FEAS前处理模块结合,构成了一个参数化的三维几何造型系统,利用该系统建立轮齿的三维有限元分析模型,准确、直观。