Rapid urbanization and ignorance of the characteristics of the city have led to all cities in the same pattern in China,homogeneity of the urban material space,and lack of humanistic spirits.With the development and t...Rapid urbanization and ignorance of the characteristics of the city have led to all cities in the same pattern in China,homogeneity of the urban material space,and lack of humanistic spirits.With the development and transformation,China has paid increasing attention to the characteristics of cities,and the historic and cultural block is the most representative carrier of the traditional style of a city.Taking the historic and cultural block of Chuancheng Street in Handan City as an example,this paper combined Handan's urban style and features,started from the status quo of the block,analyzed the design positioning,explored the style and feature elements,and finally proposed the style and feature construction strategy of Chuancheng Street,explored from the perspective of style and feature creation the strategies of building the traditional style for historic and cultural blocks.展开更多
The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing scope of urban ecosystem research.Ecology in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches within cities,suburbs,and exurbs as an...The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing scope of urban ecosystem research.Ecology in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches within cities,suburbs,and exurbs as analogs of non-urban habitats.Urban fabric outside analog patches is considered to be inhospi-table matrix.Ecology of the city differs from ecology in by treating entire urban mosaics as social-ecolog-ical systems.Ecology of urban ecosystems incorporates biological,social,and built components.Originally posed as a metaphor to visualize disciplinary evolution,this paper suggests that the contrast has conceptual,empirical,and methodological contents.That is,the contrast constitutes a disciplinary or“local”paradigm shift.The paradigm change between ecology in and ecology of represents increased complexity,moving from focus on biotic communities to holistic social-ecological systems.A third paradigm,ecology for the city,has emerged due to concern for urban sustainability.While ecology for includes the knowledge generated by both ecology in and ecology of,it considers researchers as a part of the system,and acknowledges that they may help envision and advance the social goals of urban sustainability.Using urban heterogeneity as a key urban feature,the three paradigms are shown to contrast in five important ways:disciplinary focus,the relevant theory of spatial heterogeneity,the technology for representing spatial structure,the resulting classification of urban mosaics,and the nature of application to sustainability.Ecology for the city encourages ecologists to engage with other specialists and urban dwellers to shape a more sustainable urban future.展开更多
The issue of city features was putforword after the founding of New China(in 1950s).At that time,discussions weremainly related to architectural style andtype in the city.Since the adoption of the reform policyand wit...The issue of city features was putforword after the founding of New China(in 1950s).At that time,discussions weremainly related to architectural style andtype in the city.Since the adoption of the reform policyand with the rapid growth of our socialisteconomy,these has been a lot of progress inthe development of cities.Meanwhile。展开更多
1 .The Aesthetie Charaeteris-ties of a City Eaeh entity Possesses its unique eharae-teristies,and its Peeuliarities in its aPPear-anee whieh can easily lead to its reeognitionand dil’f七rentiation from others;the te...1 .The Aesthetie Charaeteris-ties of a City Eaeh entity Possesses its unique eharae-teristies,and its Peeuliarities in its aPPear-anee whieh can easily lead to its reeognitionand dil’f七rentiation from others;the term,’featurel’ 15 frequently used to refer to suchpercePtible展开更多
To promote urban sustainability and resilience,there is an increasing demand for actionable science that links science and decision making based on social-ecological knowledge.Approaches,frameworks,and practices for s...To promote urban sustainability and resilience,there is an increasing demand for actionable science that links science and decision making based on social-ecological knowledge.Approaches,frameworks,and practices for such actionable science are needed and have only begun to emerge.We propose that approaches based on the co-design and co-production of knowledge can play an essential role to meet this demand.Although the antecedents for approaches to the co-design and co-production of knowledge are decades old,the integration of science and practice to advance urban sustainability and resilience that we present is different in several ways.These differences include the disciplines needed,diversity and number of actors involved,and the technological infrastructures that facilitate local-to global connections.In this article,we discuss how the new requirements and possibilities for co-design,co-production,and practical use of social-ecological research can be used as an ecology for the city to promote urban sustainability and resilience.While new technologies are part of the solution,traditional approaches also remain important.Using our urban experiences with long-term,place-based research from several U.S.Long-Term Ecological Research sites and U.S.Department of Agriculture,Forest Service Urban Field Stations,we describe a dynamic framework for linking research with decisions.We posit that this framework,coupled with a user-defined,theory-based approach to science,is instrumental to advance both practice and science.Ultimately,cities are ideal places for integrating basic science and decision making,facilitating flows of information through networks,and developing sustainable and resilient solutions and futures.展开更多
Regional studies are basically carried out in three areas. Studies on regional develop-ment theory, the characteristics and state of regional development, and on decision mak-ing and policy, In recent years, regional ...Regional studies are basically carried out in three areas. Studies on regional develop-ment theory, the characteristics and state of regional development, and on decision mak-ing and policy, In recent years, regional development theories were introduced to China,such as growth pole theory, gradient theory, and central place theory, etc. Much benefi-cial work has been done concerning these theories. Much exploration has also been madeon decision-making and policy studies in connection with regional, territorial and cityplanning. However, not much has been done with regard to the research on the character-istics and state of regional development and most of them are descriptive. Therefore, thereis a lack of guiding theory for decision-making and policy studies and also a lack of re-search, on regional characteristics and state, which has inevitably resulted in erroneousdecision-making and reform measures. The stepping up of research on the charecteristicsand state plays a key role in raising, the regional scientific research level. In this article, theauthors concentrate their research on the city fringe areas and try to explore thesocio-economic features and state of these particular areas.展开更多
文摘Rapid urbanization and ignorance of the characteristics of the city have led to all cities in the same pattern in China,homogeneity of the urban material space,and lack of humanistic spirits.With the development and transformation,China has paid increasing attention to the characteristics of cities,and the historic and cultural block is the most representative carrier of the traditional style of a city.Taking the historic and cultural block of Chuancheng Street in Handan City as an example,this paper combined Handan's urban style and features,started from the status quo of the block,analyzed the design positioning,explored the style and feature elements,and finally proposed the style and feature construction strategy of Chuancheng Street,explored from the perspective of style and feature creation the strategies of building the traditional style for historic and cultural blocks.
基金Support was provided by the National Science Foundation through the Urban Sustainability Research Coordination Network (Grant No. 1140070), the Central Arizona- Phoenix Long- Term Ecological Research Program (Grant No. 1026865), and the Baltimore Ecosystem Study Long- Term Ecological Research Program (Grant No. 1027188). MJM was supported by the Baker Foundation. STAP thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences for a Visiting Professorship for International Scientists in 2014, and a Visiting Guest Professorship at the Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, during which the key por-tions of this paper were developed. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
文摘The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing scope of urban ecosystem research.Ecology in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches within cities,suburbs,and exurbs as analogs of non-urban habitats.Urban fabric outside analog patches is considered to be inhospi-table matrix.Ecology of the city differs from ecology in by treating entire urban mosaics as social-ecolog-ical systems.Ecology of urban ecosystems incorporates biological,social,and built components.Originally posed as a metaphor to visualize disciplinary evolution,this paper suggests that the contrast has conceptual,empirical,and methodological contents.That is,the contrast constitutes a disciplinary or“local”paradigm shift.The paradigm change between ecology in and ecology of represents increased complexity,moving from focus on biotic communities to holistic social-ecological systems.A third paradigm,ecology for the city,has emerged due to concern for urban sustainability.While ecology for includes the knowledge generated by both ecology in and ecology of,it considers researchers as a part of the system,and acknowledges that they may help envision and advance the social goals of urban sustainability.Using urban heterogeneity as a key urban feature,the three paradigms are shown to contrast in five important ways:disciplinary focus,the relevant theory of spatial heterogeneity,the technology for representing spatial structure,the resulting classification of urban mosaics,and the nature of application to sustainability.Ecology for the city encourages ecologists to engage with other specialists and urban dwellers to shape a more sustainable urban future.
文摘The issue of city features was putforword after the founding of New China(in 1950s).At that time,discussions weremainly related to architectural style andtype in the city.Since the adoption of the reform policyand with the rapid growth of our socialisteconomy,these has been a lot of progress inthe development of cities.Meanwhile。
文摘1 .The Aesthetie Charaeteris-ties of a City Eaeh entity Possesses its unique eharae-teristies,and its Peeuliarities in its aPPear-anee whieh can easily lead to its reeognitionand dil’f七rentiation from others;the term,’featurel’ 15 frequently used to refer to suchpercePtible
基金support from the Urban Sustainability Research Coordination Network(National Science Foundation Grant No.1140070)Childers received support from the Central Arizona-Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research Program(National Science Foundation Grant No.DEB-1027188)Grove received support from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study Long-Term Ecological Research Program(National Science Foundation Grant No.DEB-1027188).
文摘To promote urban sustainability and resilience,there is an increasing demand for actionable science that links science and decision making based on social-ecological knowledge.Approaches,frameworks,and practices for such actionable science are needed and have only begun to emerge.We propose that approaches based on the co-design and co-production of knowledge can play an essential role to meet this demand.Although the antecedents for approaches to the co-design and co-production of knowledge are decades old,the integration of science and practice to advance urban sustainability and resilience that we present is different in several ways.These differences include the disciplines needed,diversity and number of actors involved,and the technological infrastructures that facilitate local-to global connections.In this article,we discuss how the new requirements and possibilities for co-design,co-production,and practical use of social-ecological research can be used as an ecology for the city to promote urban sustainability and resilience.While new technologies are part of the solution,traditional approaches also remain important.Using our urban experiences with long-term,place-based research from several U.S.Long-Term Ecological Research sites and U.S.Department of Agriculture,Forest Service Urban Field Stations,we describe a dynamic framework for linking research with decisions.We posit that this framework,coupled with a user-defined,theory-based approach to science,is instrumental to advance both practice and science.Ultimately,cities are ideal places for integrating basic science and decision making,facilitating flows of information through networks,and developing sustainable and resilient solutions and futures.
文摘Regional studies are basically carried out in three areas. Studies on regional develop-ment theory, the characteristics and state of regional development, and on decision mak-ing and policy, In recent years, regional development theories were introduced to China,such as growth pole theory, gradient theory, and central place theory, etc. Much benefi-cial work has been done concerning these theories. Much exploration has also been madeon decision-making and policy studies in connection with regional, territorial and cityplanning. However, not much has been done with regard to the research on the character-istics and state of regional development and most of them are descriptive. Therefore, thereis a lack of guiding theory for decision-making and policy studies and also a lack of re-search, on regional characteristics and state, which has inevitably resulted in erroneousdecision-making and reform measures. The stepping up of research on the charecteristicsand state plays a key role in raising, the regional scientific research level. In this article, theauthors concentrate their research on the city fringe areas and try to explore thesocio-economic features and state of these particular areas.