Off-Grid Compressed Channel Estimation with Parallel Interference Cancellation for Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO

Millimeter wave(mmWave)massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)plays an important role in the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communications and beyond wireless communication systems owing to its potential of high capacity.However,channel estimation has become very challenging due to the use of massive MIMO antenna array.Fortunately,the mmWave channel has strong sparsity in the spatial angle domain,and the compressed sensing technology can be used to convert the original channel matrix into the sparse matrix of discrete angle grid.Thus the high-dimensional channel matrix estimation is transformed into a sparse recovery problem with greatly reduced computational complexity.However,the path angle in the actual scene appears randomly and is unlikely to be completely located on the quantization angle grid,thus leading to the problem of power leakage.Moreover,multiple paths with the random distribution of angles will bring about serious interpath interference and further deteriorate the performance of channel estimation.To address these off-grid issues,we propose a parallel interference cancellation assisted multi-grid matching pursuit(PIC-MGMP)algorithm in this paper.The proposed algorithm consists of three stages,including coarse estimation,refined estimation,and inter-path cyclic iterative inter-ference cancellation.More specifically,the angular resolution can be improved by locally refining the grid to reduce power leakage,while the inter-path interference is eliminated by parallel interference cancellation(PIC),and the two together improve the estimation accuracy.Simulation results show that compared with the traditional orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)algorithm,the normalized mean square error(NMSE)of the proposed algorithm decreases by over 14dB in the case of 2 paths.

Turbo Message Passing Based Burst Interference Cancellation for Data Detection in Massive MIMO-OFDM Systems

This paper investigates the fundamental data detection problem with burst interference in massive multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(MIMO-OFDM) systems. In particular, burst interference may occur only on data symbols but not on pilot symbols, which means that interference information cannot be premeasured. To cancel the burst interference, we first revisit the uplink multi-user system and develop a matrixform system model, where the covariance pattern and the low-rank property of the interference matrix is discussed. Then, we propose a turbo message passing based burst interference cancellation(TMP-BIC) algorithm to solve the data detection problem, where the constellation information of target data is fully exploited to refine its estimate. Furthermore, in the TMP-BIC algorithm, we design one module to cope with the interference matrix by exploiting its lowrank property. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively mitigate the adverse effects of burst interference and approach the interference-free bound.

2-μm single longitudinal mode GaSb-based laterally coupled distributed feedback laser with regrowth-free shallow-etched gratings by interference lithography

We report a type-I Ga Sb-based laterally coupled distributed-feedback（LC-DFB） laser with shallow-etched gratings operating a continuous wave at room temperature without re-growth process. Second-order Bragg gratings are fabricated alongside the ridge waveguide by interference lithography. Index-coupled LC-DFB laser with a cavity of 1500 μm achieves single longitudinal mode continuous-wave operation at 20℃ with side mode suppression ratio（SMSR） as high as 24 dB.The maximum single mode continuous-wave output power is about 10 mW at room temperature（uncoated facet）. A low threshold current density of 230 A/cm^2 is achieved with differential quantum efficiency estimated to be 93 mW/A. The laser shows a good wavelength stability against drive current and working temperature.

Distortion of optical feedback signals in microchip Nd:YAG lasers subjected to external multi-beam interference feedback

This paper proposes a theoretical analysis for the characteristics of an external cavity Nd：YAG laser with feedback of multiple-beam interference, which is induced by the multi-reentrance of the light from the external Fabry-Perot cavity. The theoretical model considers the multiple beam interference of the external Fabry-Perot cavity. It is found that the optical feedback signals are distorted to pulse waveforms instead of the sinusoidal ones in conventional feedback. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The obtained theoretical and experimental results can advance the development of a laser feedback interferometer.

Group-Based Successive Interference Cancellation for Multi-Antenna NOMA System with Error Propagation

Non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)is viewed as a key technique to improve the spectrum efficiency and solve the issue of massive connectivity.However,for power domain NOMA,the required overall transmit power should be increased rapidly with the increasing number of users in order to ensure that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio reaches a predefined threshold.In addition,since the successive interference cancellation(SIC)is adopted,the error propagation would become more serious as the order of SIC increases.Aiming at minimizing the total transmit power and satisfying each user’s service requirement,this paper proposes a novel framework with group-based SIC for the deep integration between power domain NOMA and multi-antenna technology.Based on the proposed framework,a joint optimization of power control and equalizer design is investigated to minimize transmit power consumption for uplink multi-antenna NOMA system with error propagations.Based on the relationship between the equalizer and the transmit power coefficients,the original problem is transformed to a transmit power optimization problem,which is further addressed by a parallel iteration algorithm.It is shown by simulations that,in terms of the total power consumption,the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional OMA and the existing cluster-based NOMA schemes.

时滞SMIB混沌系统的同步及其在通信干扰对消中的应用

在实施通信干扰时,为了消除干扰信号对己方通信的影响,研究了干扰信号对消问题。考虑到混沌的类随机性使得混沌信号可以代替高斯噪声作为通信干扰源达到较好的干扰效果,以时滞SMIB混沌系统为干扰源,证明了存在外干扰时,参数失配的两个时滞SMIB混沌系统在线性状态误差反馈控制下达到有误差界的同步的判据,给出了误差界的估计,并进行了仿真验证。结果表明:利用该研究结论,可以在通信接收端对混沌干扰信号进行对消,基本消除混沌干扰对自身的影响。

一种100 MHz~4 GHz宽带抗干扰射频接收机的设计

为满足导航、通信、相控阵雷达以及电子对抗等领域对高性能接收终端的需求,提高系统的抗干扰、通用化和小型化性能,设计了一款工作频率在100 MHz~4 GHz的宽带抗干扰接收机芯片。接收机结构采用直接下变频形式,包括单转差巴伦、无源混频器和移相器等,能够有效抑制频带内的干扰信号,在强干扰信号下整个接收机通道不阻塞,能检测出极小的有用信号,同时保证与没有干扰状态相比性能不恶化。针对零中频(zero-Intermediate Frequency,zero-IF)接收机容易产生本振泄露、自混频等现象,设计了直流失调校准、本振相位调整等功能,可实现直流偏置点5 mV的补偿。射频输入100 MHz~4 GHz变化时,混频器转换增益≥31.2 dB。

非理想干扰消除全双工协作NOMA系统性能分析及功率分配

随着非正交多址接入(Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access,NOMA)技术的不断发展,协作NOMA(Cooperative Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access,CNOMA)也受到广泛关注.该文研究了由一个基站(Base Station,BS)、一个远端用户和一个近端用户组成的全双工(Full-Duplex,FD)协作NOMA(FD-CNOMA)系统,其中近端用户作为一个FD解码转发中继以传输远端用户的信号.考虑实际情况中存在基站与远端用户有无直接链路两种情况,以及非理想连续干扰消除(Successive Interference Cancellation,SIC)对系统带来的残留干扰问题,该文提出并解决了在该模型下用户的功率分配问题.最后,该文基于此模型给出了中继用户和远端用户的中断概率闭式表达式和遍历速率的近似闭式表达式.理论分析与仿真结果表明,即便存在非理想SIC和自干扰,相对于半双工(Half-Duplex,HD)协作NOMA(HDCNOMA)和NOMA系统而言,FD-CNOMA系统表现出更好的系统性能.同时,非理想SIC和中继用户自干扰都会对用户性能产生负面影响,且非理想SIC在遍历速率上对HD机制的影响较FD机制更为严重.最后,文中提出的功率分配方法较随机功率分配和固定功率分配分别获得了13%和10%的速率提升.

一种基于SIC-CDM的低复杂度混合波束赋形方案

为了平衡毫米波大规模多输入多输出系统的性能和硬件开销,降低系统功耗,以频谱效率为优化目标,在部分连接结构下提出了一种收发端联合设计的低复杂度混合波束赋形方案。首先,基于连续干扰消除将原始优化问题转化为多个子阵的速率优化问题;然后,利用坐标下降法完成模拟波束赋形矩阵设计;最后,引入等效信道矩阵大幅降低矩阵维度,再对其进行奇异值分解获得数字波束赋形矩阵。仿真结果表明,与其他算法相比,所提算法在系统功耗降低的同时保持了较优的性能,且性能逼近部分连接结构的最优方案。

交替极化阵列对消盲区分析与验证

当干扰信号的空域和极化域特征与目标信号相似时,采用空极化域联合抗干扰技术在消除干扰的同时也会抑制目标信号,导致干扰对消后信干噪比(signal to interference plus noise ratio,SINR)低于雷达系统需求,从而形成干扰对消盲区。针对这一现象,通过在空域、极化域与空极化域分别建立交替极化阵列对消盲区模型,推导了对消盲区位置和大小的数学表达式,从而给出了交替极化阵列对消盲区的数学表征方法。进而分析了交替极化阵列对消盲区的分布规律与影响因素,研究发现阵元间距能够显著影响交替极化阵列对消盲区的分布,在相同条件下交替极化阵列对消盲区大于共点极化阵列对消盲区,结果表明交替极化阵列虽然通过减少天线数目降低了设备成本,但增大了阵列的对消盲区。然后,对消盲区模型进行了数值仿真,仿真结果验证了理论分析。最后,利用信道模拟器搭建了实验平台,信道模拟实验测得的对消盲区与理论值基本一致,再次证明了分析结论的有效性。

跳频数据链干扰对消系统射频前端设计优化

干扰对消是主动方式的干扰管理方法,干扰对消的核心思想是利用干扰源来消除干扰,针对高速跳频系统抗干扰系统采用分离式方法设计干扰对消系统,需要定制化的射频前端设计。针对高速跳频系统抗干扰系统的抗干扰抑制需求,从信号取样、射频接入、对消方式和控制接口4个方面分析跳频数据链干扰对消系统的工作流程,设计主控天线前端电路的直通单元和射频前端,结合模数转换(analog-to-digital conversion,AD)底噪和干扰信号峰均比的影响,计算噪声功率密度和噪声功率,分析射频前端参数影响跳频数据链灵敏度和干扰对消能力上限的约束条件,最后给出射频前端系统增益和信号带宽参数影响跳频数据链干扰对消系统的优化分析。

天空地多层异构融合网络性能分析及切换协议优化

针对多层异构融合网络(Multi-layer heterogeneous integrated network, MLHetINet)切换复杂的问题,提出通过凝视波束及干扰消除算法获取切换分析的有效数据,简化波束对准及捕获过程,扩展空基网络覆盖范围,进而降低跨层切换的复杂度。首先,针对地面终端和空中基站间的相对高速运动特性,提出空基凝视多波束形成算法,自适应地调整天线相位和权值,在目标方向生成主瓣并对干扰源进行零陷实现空域隔离,简化切换分析的复杂度。然后针对空地信道的复杂性,提出了基于列范数分组排序的多阶干扰消除算法,进一步提高目标信号的检测精度,提高切换分析的准确性。最后,依靠凝视波束技术和干扰消除算法,针对空天地三维多层异构融合网络中的切换事件设计了独立的切换协议,显著降低了网络资源的消耗。仿真结果表明,相较于传统地面网络和天地融合网络,所提波束赋形辅助的天空地多层异构融合网络中的用户信息速率有显著提升。

深海环境下利用噪声抵消器和经验模态分解的拖船干扰抑制方法

针对深海环境下拖船自噪声在靠近端射和非端射方向产生的多途角扩展干扰影响拖曳声纳探测性能的问题,提出一种利用归一化最小均方误差(Normalized Least Mean Square,NLMS)噪声抵消器和经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)的拖船干扰抑制方法。通过借鉴逆波束形成(Inverse Beamforming,IBF)的思想,对靠近端射方向的干扰波束进行相位补偿,重构出时域干扰信号,并将其作为自适应噪声抵消器的输入信号,基阵接收信号作为期望信号,利用NLMS方法调整滤波器的权值,进行初步干扰抑制。在此基础上通过EMD对噪声抵消器的输出结果进行分解得到多个本征模态(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF)和残余分量,再利用匹配滤波方法筛选出用于重构拖船噪声的IMF,并在阵元域抵消完成干扰抑制,其中匹配模版为靠近端射方向频域干扰波束逆傅里叶变换得到的时域干扰信号。仿真数据和海试数据分析结果表明,与其他方法相比,所提方法能够大幅度抑制拖船自噪声产生的多途角扩展干扰,提升拖曳声纳在干扰盲区内对弱目标信号的检测能力。

一种基于改进NLMS的多雷达主瓣干扰抑制方法

远程探测场景下弹载主瓣干扰因与目标角度间隔小,单站抗干扰方法性能下降严重。多雷达通过合理布站可有效“分辨”目标和干扰,被认为是可有效抑制主瓣干扰的途径。针对当前多雷达抗主瓣干扰方法普遍存在收敛速度慢的问题,提出一种基于改进归一化最小均方(NLMS)的多雷达对消抗主瓣干扰方法,并通过理论推导给出了其应用条件。该方法通过定义消散因子实现对步长的自适应控制从而达到快速收敛的目的,仿真结果表明该方法在收敛速度及收敛后均方误差(MSE)上具有明显优势。最后通过外场试验进一步验证该方法的性能,在满足布站条件且干噪比≥30 dB的前提下,信噪比改善可达19 dB以上,具有较高的应用价值。

高通量卫星随机接入控制技术研究

为提升高通量卫星随机接入成功概率,提出了一种高通量卫星通信系统下的随机接入控制技术。高通量卫星多波束间存在重叠覆盖区域,可通过对重叠覆盖区域的用户接入进行管控,优化各波束的负载,提升系统吞吐率。通过对串行干扰消除算法的误包概率进行推导分析,得出了不同误包概率要求下的最大系统负载,根据该负载值,设计了自适应接入控制策略。当系统负载未超过最大负载时,可通过接入控制策略均衡各波束负载;当系统负载超过最大负载时,可通过限制用户接入方式控制系统负载。

部分连接宽带毫米波全双工MIMO系统混合波束成形设计

毫米波全双工MIMO系统是满足未来无线通信大带宽、低时延等需求的一种可行方案.本文针对采用有限精度移相器和部分连接结构的宽带毫米波全双工MIMO系统的混合波束成形问题进行研究,提出了一种可行的混合波束成形方法.首先,不考虑自干扰信号,利用上行/下行各子信道的奇异值分解和注水算法得到各子带最优全数字发送和接收波束成形矩阵;然后,将得到的全数字波束成形矩阵分解为满足部分连接结构的模拟波束成形矩阵和各子带数字波束成形矩阵;最后,利用最小均方误差准则更新各子带数字接收波束成形矩阵以降低自干扰信号对频谱效率的影响.分析表明,所提方法的算法复杂度较低;仿真结果表明,所提方法的频谱效率要优于相关研究和半双工毫米波通信.

基于双通道接收的干扰对消性能分析

为了探究在工程实现中卫星通信地球站使用干扰对消抵抗来自空中平台或周边干扰的可行性,对不同接收环境下的干扰对消性能进行了分析。首先,在假定2个通道中干扰差异被准确估计并补偿的情况下,推导出理论性能的近似计算公式;然后,采用最小均方(least mean square, LMS)自适应滤波器对2个通道干扰的差异进行补偿,完成干扰对消;最后,通过仿真实验对使用LMS自适应滤波器的干扰对消进行验证。结果表明:干扰对消的理论性能在卫星信号与干扰入射夹角大于15°时信噪比恶化可以接近0 dB,而夹角小于15°时信噪比恶化程度明显提高;除了入射夹角的影响外,采用LMS自适应滤波器的干扰对消性能还受算法参数、干扰大小等其他因素的影响,对于固定频点的干扰,在入射夹角大于4°且主通道干信比小于30 dB时,干扰对消后信噪比恶化小于0.6 dB,而且这一结果基本不受采样率的影响。所提出的理论性能近似计算公式可以为干扰对消算法的性能评价提供参考,采用LMS自适应滤波器的干扰对消在算法参数设置合理的情况下可以接近理论性能。

串行干扰消除接收机下模式分割随机接入设计与分析

利用模式域导频进行信道估计的PDRA框架可有效减轻机器类通信MTC背景下RA的导频碰撞问题。为进一步探索PDRA框架的潜能,将串行干扰消除SIC接收机与PDRA结合,利用SIC算法消除解码成功用户的模式域导频信号来降低干扰,从而缓解导频碰撞问题。仿真结果表明,与MF接收机下的PDRA方案相比,SIC接收机能进一步利用PDRA框架带来的潜在增益,呈现出更高的接入成功概率。

自动增益控制系统对干扰抵消算法的影响分析

为扩大信号采集处理接收机的动态范围,一般在A/D转换器前引入自动增益控制(Automatic Gain Control,AGC)系统。在实际工程中,信号采集之前打开AGC系统,会导致依赖信号功率抬升进行识别干扰起始位置的信号检测失败。针对该问题,简要说明了干扰抵消技术的处理流程。为进一步查找问题,阐述了AGC电路设计与控制流程;通过分析,给出了引入AGC系统后对采集数据波形的影响。根据分析结果,调整了搜索干扰信号起始位置的算法,试验验证了实测数据与分析结果吻合,证明了调整后干扰抵消算法的有效性。