Academic productivity correlates with industry earnings in foot and ankle fellowship programs in the United States:A retrospective analysis

BACKGROUND The study investigates the connection between academic productivity and industry earnings in foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships.Utilizing metrics like the H-index and Open Payments Database(OPD)data,it addresses a gap in understanding the relationship between scholarly achievements and financial outcomes,providing a basis for further exploration in this specialized medical field.AIM To elucidate the trends between academic productivity and industry earnings across foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowship programs in the United States.METHODS This study is a retrospective analysis of the relationship between academic productivity and industry earnings of foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships at an individual faculty and fellowship level.Academic productivity was defined via H-index and recorded from the Scopus website.Industry earnings were recorded from the OPD.RESULTS Forty-eight foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships(100%of fellowships)in the United States with a combined total of 165 physicians(95.9%of physicians)were included.Mean individual physician(n=165)total life-time earnings reported on the OPD website was United States Dollar(USD)451430.30±1851084.89(range:USD 25.16-21269249.85;median:USD 27839.80).Mean physician(n=165)H-index as reported on Scopus is 14.24±12.39(range:0-63;median:11).There was a significant but weak correlation between individual physician H-index and individual physician total life-time earnings(P<0.001;Spearman’s rho=0.334)and a significant and moderate positive correlation between combined fellowship H-index and total life-time earnings per fellowship(P=0.004,Spearman’s rho=0.409).CONCLUSION There is a significant and positive correlation between academic productivity and industry earnings at foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships in the United States.This observation is true on an individual physician level as well as on a fellowship level.

美国企业博士后职业选择与发展研究——以IBM公司Goldstine Fellowship项目为例

IBM的企业博士后Goldstine Fellowship项目坚持高标准、国际化的生源质量,注重博士后在基础科学与理论前沿方面的培养,使博士后职业发展呈现学术性、多元化、高水平的特性。Goldstine Fellowship博士后的职业成长分为萌芽期、培育期、成长期、成熟期和稳定期5个阶段,在职称晋升、论文发表体现了优于同龄人的能力与水平,呈现常态化的提升模式。

Trends in leadership at orthopaedic surgery sports medicine fellowships

BACKGROUND Fellowship directors(FDs)in sports medicine influence the future of trainees in the field of orthopaedics.Understanding the characteristics these leaders share must be brought into focus.For all current sports medicine FDs,our group analyzed their demographic background,institutional training,and academic experience.AIM To serve as a framework for those aspiring to achieve this position in orthopaedics and also identify opportunities to improve the position.METHODS Fellowship programs were identified using both the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine and the Arthroscopy Association of North America Sports Medicine Fellowship Directories.The demographic and educational background data for each FD was gathered via author review of current curriculum vitae(CVs).Any information that was unavailable on CV review was gathered from institutional biographies,Scopus Web of Science,and emailed questionnaires.To ensure the collection of as many data points as possible,fellowship program coordinators,orthopaedic department offices and FDs were directly contacted via phone if there was no response via email.Demographic information of interest included:Age,gender,ethnicity,residency/fellowship training,residency/fellowship graduation year,year hired by current institution,time since training completion until FD appointment,length in FD role,status as a team physician and H-index.RESULTS Information was gathered for 82 FDs.Of these,97.5%(n=80)of the leadership were male;84.15%(n=69)were Caucasian,7.32%(n=6)were Asian-American,2.44%(n=2)were Hispanic and 2.44%(n=2)were African American,and 3.66%(n=3)were of another race or ethnicity.The mean age of current FDs was 56 years old(±9.00 years),and the mean Scopus H-index was 23.49(±16.57).The mean calendar years for completion of residency and fellowship training were 1996(±15 years)and 1997(±9.51 years),respectively.The time since fellowship training completion until FD appointment was 9.77 years.17.07%(n=14)of FDs currently work at the same institution where they completed residency training;21.95%(n=18)of FDs work at the same institution where they completed fellowship training;and 6.10%(n=5)work at the same institution where they completed both residency and fellowship training.Additionally,69.5%(n=57)are also team physicians at the professional and/or collegiate level.Of those that were found to currently serve as team physicians,56.14%(n=32)of them worked with professional sports teams,29.82%(n=17)with collegiate sports teams,and 14.04%(n=8)with both professional and collegiate sports teams.Seven residency programs produced the greatest number of future FDs,included programs produced at least three future FDs.Seven fellowship programs produced the greatest number of future FDs,included programs produced at least four future FDs.Eight FDs(9.75%)completed two fellowships and three FDs(3.66%)finished three fellowships.Three FDs(3.66%)did not graduate from any fellowship training program.The Scopus H-indices for FDs are displayed as ranges that include 1 to 15(31.71%,n=26),15 to 30(34.15%,n=28),30 to 45(20.73%,n=17),45 to 60(6.10%,n=5)and 60 to 80(3.66%,n=3).Specifically,the most impactful FD in research currently has a Scopus H-index value of 79.By comparison,the tenth most impactful FD in research had a Scopus H-index value of 43(accessed December 1,2019).CONCLUSION This study provides an overview of current sports medicine FDs within the United States and functions as a guide to direct initiatives to achieve diversity equality.

Multimodality Imaging Training for General and Advanced Cardiology Fellowships

With the growth in multimodality imaging technology,there is heightened interest in advanced imaging training within the cardiology fellow community.The ideal training models for multimodality imaging remain to be determined and there are uncertainties about the manpower needs for cardiologists with advanced multimodality imaging expertise.This commentary discusses several areas pertaining to training of cardiology fellows in multimodality imaging.

Surgical and non-surgical education practices in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellowships within the United States

Data are scarce regarding surgical and non-surgical education in accredited Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) fellowships in theUnited States. We compared surgical and non-surgical and education among training programs and expected surgical comfort level with pelvic reconstructive procedures from the perspective of the fellow and program director. An online survey was distributed to program directors and fellows from the 39 accredited FPMRS fellowships at the time (2010). Domains evaluated in the survey were academic education requirements;surgical approaches to prolapse and to incontinence;other surgical procedures;and research and publication expectations. In total, forty fellows from 21 programs and directors from 27 programs. The most common surgical procedures performed for apical, anterior, and posterior prolapse were uterosacral ligament suspension, native tissue anterior colporrhaphy, and posterior colporrhaphy, respectively. Differences in perceived surgical comfort level were seen for coccygeus suspension, graftreinforced posterior colporrhaphy, rectus fascial sling, urethral bulking agent, cystoscopic ureteral stent placement and bowel repair. A greater proportion of program directors reported that fellows would be comfortable performing these procedures upon graduation than the proportion reported by the fellows themselves. Differences exist in FPMRS training nationwide, however, responding fellows appeared to be trained in multiple approaches to prolapse repair. Differences were seen in surgical comfort level as perceived by fellows and program directors.

Does Current Nephrology Fellowship Training Affect Uti-lization of Peritoneal Dialysis in the United States?

Background: The 2010 US Renal Data System annual report revealed that peritoneal dialysis is used by only 7% of end-stage renal disease patients on chronic dialysis vs. hemodialysis which is used by 93% of such patients, despite documented benefits of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis in these cases. Purpose: We examined whether education of nephrology fellows contributed to underutilization of peritoneal dialysis in the US. Methods: Self-report questionnaires were administered electronically to nephrology fellowship training program directors, October 2010-March 2011 (55% response). Results: Median number of training faculty and patients/fellow were significantly lower for peritoneal-dialysis vs. hemodialysis training. Hours of didactic teaching for fellows over their 2-year training period were significantly lower for peritoneal dialysis vs. hemodialysis. Peritoneal dialysis training was 20% of total training vs. 80% for hemodialysis. Most program directors (87%) believed lack of trained faculty in peritoneal dialysis and insufficient peritoneal dialysis patient population contributed to inadequate fellows’ peritoneal dialysis training. Conclusions: Findings suggest that current nephrology fellowship training in peritoneal dialysis is inadequate and contributes to its underutilization.

THE UICC FELLOWSHIPS

The UICC offers long, medium, and short-term fellowships to appropriately qualified in-vestigators and specialists in the field of cancer research and clinical management worldwide:ELEANOR ROOSEVELT INTERNATIONAL CANCER RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS (fundedby the American Cancer Society): 15 to 20 grants are available annually to recognized senior investigators who have beenactively engaged in cancer research for at least five years. The grants contribute to the traveland cost of living expenses of the Fellow and a maximum of three dependents for a period of

CAS-TWAS President’s Fellowship Programme for PhD Candidates from Developing Countries

Call for ApplicationsIntroduction According to a new agreement between the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS） and the academy of sciences for the developing world （TWAS）, up to 140 students/scholars per year from the developing world will be sponsored to travel to China for up to four years of PhD study and research.

中国与美国儿科麻醉专科医师培训的比较及启示

专科医师规范化培训(简称专培)是毕业后医学教育的重要组成部分,是在住院医师规范化培训的基础上,培养能够独立、规范地从事专科疾病诊疗工作的专科医师。专培对加强卫生人才队伍建设、提高医疗服务质量的重要作用在国际医学界具有广泛共识。儿科麻醉是麻醉专业中高风险的亚专科之一,临床工作极具挑战性。培养高素质的儿科麻醉专科医师对于降低儿童围术期的死亡率和严重并发症的发生率意义重大。然而,中国的儿科麻醉专培尚处在起步阶段,培训制度和体系尚不完善。在美国,儿科麻醉作为最早建立的麻醉亚专科,其专培制度已经高度体系化、规范化。本文基于作者从事儿科麻醉专培工作的经历以及对国内外相关资料的查阅,详细介绍了中国和美国的儿科麻醉专培在培养目标、准入标准、培训内容等方面的异同,并结合中国儿科麻醉专培的现状进行分析,希冀为中国儿科麻醉专培提供参考与借鉴。

Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society orthopedic surgeons in the United States:An analysis of geographical distribution,academic,leadership,and demographic characteristics

BACKGROUND The Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society(LLRS)is a premier orthopedic specialty organization that promotes limb reconstruction for all ages.LLRS membership characteristics,however,are poorly reported.This study delineates orthopedic surgeon LLRS members’demographic traits,academic achievement,leadership attainment,and geographical distribution across the United States.AIM To inform aspiring orthopedic professionals,as well as to promote growth and diversity in both the LLRS organization and overarching field.METHODS This cross-sectional study examined United States LLRS members’academic,leadership,demographic,and geographical attributes.After reviewing the 2023 LLRS member directory,Google search results were matched to the listings and appended to the compiled data.Sex and ethnicity were evaluated visually utilizing retrieved images.The Hirsch index(H-index)of academic activity,residency and fellowship training,other graduate degrees,leadership positions,practice type(academic or non-academic),and spoken languages were categorized.LLRS members per state and capita determined geographic distribution.The Mann Whitney U test was applied to compare H-index between males and females,as well as to assess member differences pertaining to affiliation with academic vs non-academic practice facilities.RESULTS The study included 101 orthopedic surgeons,78(77.23%)Caucasian and 23(22.77%)non-Caucasian,79(78.22%)male and 22(21.78%)female.Surgeons with DO degrees comprised only 3.96%(4)of the cohort,while the vast majority held MDs[96.04%(97)].Mean H-index was 10.55,with male surgeons having a significantly higher score(P=0.002).Most orthopedic surgeons(88.12%,)practiced in academic centers.Of those professionals who occupied leadership positions,14%were women,while 86%were men.Additionally,19(37.25%)United States regions and the District of Columbia lacked an LLRS-member orthopedic surgeon.Total per capita rate across the United States was 0.30 LLRS orthopedic surgeons per 1 million people.CONCLUSION Over 21%of LLRS members are women,surpassing prior benchmarks noted in orthopedic faculty reporting.LLRS members’high research productivity scores imply field dedication that can refine expertise in the limb lengthening and reconstruction space.Gender disparities in leadership remain,however,necessitating greater equity efforts.A low rate of LLRS representation per capita must be addressed geographically as well,to affect improvements in regional care access.This study can serve to support aspiring orthopedic professionals,inform diversity,leadership,and field advancement strategies,and maintain the continued goal of enhanced patient care worldwide.

日本放射线科专科医师培训制度的解读和启示

日本放射线科包括放射诊断和放射治疗。日本放射线科专科医师培训制度旨在培养兼具放射诊断和放射治疗能力的医师,培养具备广博知识和专精技能,具有伦理道德、沟通交流和专业能力的专科医师。虽然中日毕业后医学教育体系并不完全对应,但仍能为我国毕业后教育体系的建设提供一定借鉴。本文解读这一培训制度的目标、实践和评价机制,对比中日放射科医师培训制度。中国放射科住院医师规范化培训(简称住培)制度具有病例资源丰富的优势,相关临床科室轮转也具有一定合理性;但目前仍然存在对住院医师科研能力要求较低、对“软素质”培养重视不足、双向选择机制不足的短板。日本放射线科专科医师培训制度可以为我国的放射科住培的改进提供借鉴,对于放射科专科医师规范化培训制度的构建具有参考意义。

中国科学院与英国皇家学会的合作历程及其经验启示

中国科学院作为中国自然科学最高学术机构,与英国皇家学会开展了长期的科技交流合作。本文研究了中国科学院与皇家学会的合作发展历程。在此基础上,对“英国皇家奖学金项目”与“皇家奖学金+科学合作协议项目”的资助模式进行了案例分析,通过分析国际科技合作中存在的非对等性和持续资助模式及其构成的完整合作链条,揭示了“非对等”合作的现实意义与“隐性”合作成果的重要性。同时基于上述研究总结分析了双方合作的历程和经验及其对当下和未来合作工作的启示,指出应对国际合作给予耐心和宽容度,将目光和目标放得长远;对于有价值的合作,不必拘泥于形式及投入的对等,鼓励非对等合作的开展;优质的国际合作应该是全方位、全链条的合作;中国科学院与皇家学会的合作作为科技外交的组成部分,历史上为中英关系的发展作出了贡献,未来也将成为维系两国科技交往的纽带;在国际合作过程中要摆脱“坏国际化”陷阱,中英两国学术界应通力合作,应对目前科技爆发式发展与人类安全面临的巨大挑战,构建负责任的、可持续创新的新型科技发展模式,造福人类。

Trends in neurology fellowship training

Aim:Aneed for Neurologists exists in the USA.The majority of Neurology residency graduates go on to additional subspecialty training. Methods: Data from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education from 2001-2014 and the United Council for Neurologic Subspecialties from was analyzed for trends in the number of Neurology subspecialty training programs and their composition. Results: There has been an overall trend of growth in the number of accredited Neurology subspecialty training programs and fellows. These trends vary between specific subspecialties. Conclusion: The authors provide an overview of the contemporary state of Neurology subspecialty training in the USA. A clearer understanding of subspecialty training allows for anticipation of workforce surpluses and deficits.

中国台湾地区放射诊断科专科医师培训体系的解读和启示

解读中国台湾地区放射诊断科专科医师培训体系的培训内容、日常运行、考核方式、质量保障以及管理体系,与中国内地地区放射科住院医师培训制度进行比较,探索易于借鉴的经验与理念。

策略与实践:兰安生与洛克菲勒国际卫生部(1917~1927)

20世纪20年代,美国洛克菲勒基金会的下属机构——国际卫生部,在中国公共卫生事业的发展中扮演了重要角色,其中兰安生(JohnB.Grant,1890~1962)在北京协和医学院的工作甚至得到了中华民国政府的重视。国际卫生部成立早期通常以防治钩虫病这样的单一病种为切入点展开工作并取得成功和认可,但在中国,其在公共卫生教育方面的实践成为它成功的起点。本文即是以此差异的产生及具体情况为主要研究内容,探讨国际卫生部在中国公共卫生工作的策略与实践问题。通过分析洛克菲勒档案馆所藏档案及其他文献资料,本文探讨了兰安生的教学方式与特点,指出他在北京协和医学院开设的公共卫生课程以卫生行政管理内容为主,并侧重卫生实践,意在为培养卫生官员做准备。而国际卫生部向中国提供赴美公共卫生奖学金,也意在布局中国卫生界的人脉网络。文中进一步分析兰安生这一教育内容和方式的形成与国际卫生部在中国进行公共卫生实践的策略直接相关,并揭示了此策略形成的过程与原因。通过此项研究,笔者认为,国际卫生部虽然在中国采取较为特殊的实践方式,但其根本目标和主体策略并未发生实质性改变,即均旨在通过与当地政府合作或建立联系开展公共卫生事业,其在中国的做法可视为其工作策略上的一种调适。本研究体现出中国的医疗和社会与境对国际卫生部开展公共卫生实践、传播公共卫生知识上的形塑。

缪钺佚文三篇释要——兼论吴宓、缪钺间的学术交谊

缪钺为现代著名文史学者,其早年曾在“学衡派”人物吴宓所主持的《大公报·文学副刊》(1928—1933年)刊文近十篇,其中的三篇未被《缪钺全集》收入。通过对三篇佚文进行释要具体梳理吴宓、缪钺两位学人长达五十余年的学术交谊,从中不仅可以看出两位学者间的深情厚谊,更可窥见缪钺早年受吴宓“新材料旧格律”的诗论主张、“新人文主义”思想的深入影响。以至于吴宓在1933年将缪钺视为间接受到白璧德(Irving Babbitt)影响的中国人文学者。

听力学课程设置的思考与体会

首都医科大学开办的听力学教育课程通过对教学形式与内容的不断摸索,具备了多样性特色,培养了学生多方面能力。

手术室护士工作满意度与医护同事支持的相关性

目的明确手术室护士工作满意度与医护同事支持的相关性。方法以温州市3所市级医院在职手术室护士为研究对象,采用定量和定性研究相结合的方法 ,按随机数字表法选取60名手术室在职护士发放调查问卷,并对其中30名调查对象进行半结构式访谈。结果总体水平上的同事支持,包括医生对护士的支持、护士长对护士的支持和护士间的支持,均与总体护士职业满意度呈正相关;同事支持与职业发展、管理者、工作本身和交际满意度呈正相关,与薪酬、奖励、福利和工作规程以及同事满意度无相关性。结论建议构建良好的医护同事支持系统,以提升护士职业满意度。

毕业后医学教育制度下内科总住院医师培训的再认识

在中国建立统一规范的毕业后医学教育制度的背景下,本文回顾了内科总住院医师培训的起源和现状。通过对比中美两国内科总住院医师培训的差异,笔者认为中国应顺应国际通行医学人才培养体系,同时结合国内医疗和培训需求,灵活设计内科总住院医师角色。

从中美医学教育差异看精准医疗背景下肿瘤学专科医师培养体系

精准医学是以个体为基础,结合基因组测序,生物信息学,大数据分析的新型医学概念与诊疗模式。自Rituximab(利妥昔单抗)为代表的靶向药物问世以来,临床肿瘤学就成为精准医疗的主战场。美国是世界上最早建立专科医师制度的国家,也是精准医疗的发源地。借鉴其系统完善的肿瘤学专科医师培养体系,培养契合精准医疗发展需要的肿瘤学专科医师,是突破传统,优化诊疗模式的关键所在。