Monte Carlo calculation of the exposure of Chinese female astronauts to earth’s trapped radiation on board the Chinese Space Station

With the development of China’s crewed space mission,the space radiation risk for astronauts is increasingly prominent.This paper describes a simulation of the radiation doses experienced by a Chinese female voxel phantom on board the Chinese Space Station(CSS)performed using the Monte Carlo N-Particle(MCNP)software.The absorbed dose,equivalent dose,and effective dose experienced by the voxel phantom and its critical organs are discussed for different levels of shielding of the Tianhe core module.The risk of space-radiation exposure is then assessed by comparing these doses with the current risk limits in China(the skin dose limit for short-term low-earth-orbit missions)and the NASA figures(National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Report No.98)for female astronauts.The results obtained can be used to guide and optimize the radiation protection provided for manned space missions.

Analysis of the Tragic Female Images in Eugene O'Neill's Plays

Ruth and Mary are two heroines in Eugene O'Neill's plays Beyond the Horizon, and Long Day's Journey into Night. They have some similarities: when they are young, they are beautiful, native and full of hope towards the future life, but both make wrong choices; in the following years, both suffer a lot from these wrong choices, and feel regretful. This paper tries to explore these two tragic female images.

The Female's Living Conditions:Comments on The Daughters of the Late Colonel

This article is a concern of the female's living conditions in the story The Daughters of the Late Colonel written by Katherine Mansfield.The analysis will stress on the relationship between the two daughters and the people around them,through which the plight and oppression that heaved upon women and their tragical,unhappy life in the patriarchal society are clearly exposed.

The Enclosed Personal Space and Female Identity Construction in A. S. Byatt's Possession

From the perspective of feminism, by analyzing single intellectual women's living states in enclosed personal spaces, andcomparing their different spatial changes triggered by external intrusions, this essay intends to explore Byatt's ambivalent attitudestowards the feminists' pursuit for a room of one's own, and point out the significance of harmonious co-existence between men andwomen to female identity construction.

Study on intestinal flora of acupoint catgut embedding intervention in female patients with abdominal obesity: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background:Obesity,as an epidemic public health issue in the world today,not only brings a heavy medical burden to society but also seriously affects people’s quality of life.In the context of new evidence for the efficacy of acupoint catgut embedding(ACE)in abdominal obesity(AO),it is necessary to elucidate the mechanism of ACE for AO.The intestinal flora is closely associated with obesity,and the study of its intestinal flora may provide evidence to clarify the mechanism of obesity treatment by ACE.Methods:75 participants will be recruited in this study,including 60 eligible female patients diagnosed with AO and 15 healthy female participants.60 female AO patients will be randomized to ACE group,sham ACE group,and waiting list(WL)group in a ratio of 1:1:1.Patients in two ACE groups will receive one ACE treatment per week for 12 consecutive weeks,and in the WL group will not receive any treatment;only their data will be extracted.The primary outcome is the mean change in body mass index.Secondary effects include waist circumference,body weight,the visual analog score of appetite,and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale.High-throughput 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing will be used to detect intestinal flora in each group before and after the intervention.Conclusion:The results of this trial are expected to identify the critical intestinal flora causing AO and the target intestinal flora of AO regulated by ACE,providing further theoretical support for ACE in the clinical treatment of obesity.

On Multimodal Criticism of The Kitchen God’s Wife

Studying the covers of the three editions of The Kitchen God’s Wife by Amy Tan,a famous female Chinese American writer,the author finds Chinese cultural elements stood out in publishers’earliest recommendations,but later were replaced by immigrant mother-daughter relationship,and then were overwhelmed by the concern for human beings.It is interesting that this change fits the changing focuses of Chinese American writers in the 21st century.

The Rise of China’s Women’s Basketball Team:An Exploration of Gender Equality in Professional Basketball

This article explores the rise of the Chinese women’s basketball team in professional basketball and its relationship to gender equality issues.In view of the gender differences in salary,market value,social status,and other aspects,the article proposes a series of strategies to promote the realization of gender equality for female basketball players in professional basketball.This article points out that the rise of the Chinese women’s basketball team will lead the process of gender equality and lay the foundation for a more equitable and inclusive future.To achieve this goal,this article highlights the importance of improving the competitive level of female athletes,improving basic education,promoting basketball culture,and promoting gender equality.

Extramammary Paget’s Disease Manifested by Intraepithelial Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva and Anus Combined with Invasive Adenocarcinoma of the Ampullary Part of the Rectum

The Object of the Study: The author of the given paper describes an unusual combination of two diseases: extramammary Paget’s disease manifested by intraepithelial adenocarcinoma of the vulva and anus combined with invasive adenocarcinoma of the ampullary part of the rectum and describes the atypical manifestations of these diseases. The Content: The content of this research paper includes a description of the patient, an analysis of the clinical picture, diagnostic methods and therapeutic interventions used, a report of the following disease, and the result of the presented case. The Result of the Research Work: The result of the research work is the analysis of a clinical case with two different tumors, where such a combination of tumors is rarely described in the literature. Moreover, no large specific sample with this combination of diseases is available. Patient Characteristics: The given case report describes a patient of the Palliative Care Unit of the Gerontology Clinic with a primary diagnosis of C20-rectal adenocarcinoma in the background of the anal canal, perineal skin Paget’s disease, stage IV. The presented complications of the patient’s primary diagnosis are multiple metastases in the liver;status post palliative chemotherapy;hepatomegaly;metastases to abdominal lymph nodes, inguinal lymph nodes;metastases at Th12, L4 level;pain syndrome. The presented above combination of diagnosed diseases is very rare. Applied Diagnostics: In October 2021, it was performed diagnostic manipulation: biopsy and the pathologist have provided a microscopic description. The first tissue fragment had a pronounced electrothermal lesion and the epithelial structures were not valuable. The second skin tissue fragment was covered with hyperplastic and acanthotic epithelium;its basal and middle layers contained multiple large cells proliferates extending into the medial epidermis, and the cytoplasm of these cells reacted positively with PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff reaction). It needs to be noted that the patient had previously had several years of biopsies from the perineal and anal epidermis, where Paget’s disease had also been diagnosed. The performed immunohistochemistry showed these cells to be CK20 positive, CK7 rare positive and p16 negative. The following pathohistological findings were made: morphological and immunohistochemical picture is consistent with Paget’s disease. According to the ICD-10, the patient was diagnosed with C51 malignant neoplasm of the female external genitalia. Using imaging diagnostics, it became clear that the patient’s rectal adenocarcinoma had progressed to metastatic stage with distant liver metastases in the background of anal canal, perineal skin Paget’s disease. Therapeutic Plan of the Patient: Based on the patient’s main diagnoses, the complications of the principal diagnosis, the patient’s overall severe condition, pain syndrome, age and comorbidities, palliative chemotherapy was approved as a therapeutic option in council of doctors. Monitoring and Outcome of the Patient: The patient’s general condition was becoming worse over time, and she was diagnosed with exitus latalis in December 2022. At that time, the patient was discharged from hospital and was on palliative care at home under the control of her family physician.

双酚S对青春期雌性大鼠性早熟的影响及机制研究

目的探讨双酚S(BPS)对青春期雌性大鼠性早熟的作用及可能的机制。方法将60只雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组,分别为对照组、不同浓度[0.2mg/(kg·d)、1mg/(kg·d)、5mg/(kg·d)]BPS组及50μg/(kg·d)雌二醇(E_(2))组,每组12只。观察各组大鼠一般行为状况及阴道开口时间;采用Nissl染色观察下丘脑组织病理变化;采用TUNEL染色观察下丘脑神经细胞凋亡情况;采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)法检测下丘脑中胰岛素生长因子-1(IGF-1)和促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)mRNA表达水平;采用Western blot法检测下丘脑中IGF-1、IGF-1受体(IGF-1R)、PI3K、Akt、mTOR、GnRH蛋白表达水平。结果BPS染毒过程中,所有实验大鼠均存活。与对照组比较,不同剂量BPS组大鼠出现不同程度的疲乏、厌食等症状,以5mg/(kg·d)BPS组最为明显,同时5mg/(kg·d)BPS组和50μg/(kg·d)E_(2)组大鼠的阴道开口时间提前(P<0.05);与对照组比较,不同剂量BPS组大鼠下丘脑尼氏体光密度(OD)值增加(P<0.05);不同剂量BPS组神经细胞凋亡率较对照组减少(P<0.05);不同剂量BPS组IGF-1、GnRH mRNA表达均高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组比较,5mg/(kg·d)BPS组和50μg/(kg·d)E_(2)组大鼠下丘脑中IGF-1、IGF-1R、PI3K、Akt、mTOR、GnRH蛋白表达水平上升(P<0.05)。结论BPS暴露加速了雌性大鼠性早熟,其机制可能与激活IGF-1信号通路促进GnRH分泌有关。

明代女医谈允贤治疗不孕症经验

谈允贤为明代著名女医,擅长灸法,推崇朱丹溪,受“阳有余阴不足论”“相火论”“六郁致病论”等理论影响,重视调理气血、行气解郁、滋阴降火、健脾补肾等治法,且重视情志因素在女性疾病发病中的作用。对于脾肾皆虚、气血双亏、湿盛火衰之不孕,外用灸法,内服何首乌丸(朱丹溪方)补益肝肾,填精生血。对于劳怒伤情、情志过极、伤气耗血、精气不足、难以固养胎元所致不孕症合并复发性流产,先以四制香附丸开郁清热,散去郁结,气调则血调;再以调经益气汤加味补气养血,使经调而胎元易成;顺利受胎后予以清热健脾安胎的散剂防止胎热胎堕,不仅治疗不孕,还使患者顺利生产。

Female genital schistosomiasis,human papilloma virus infection,and cervical cancer in rural Madagascar:a cross sectional study

Background Women’s health in resource-limited settings can benefit from the integrated management of high-burden diseases,such as female genital schistosomiasis(FGS)and human papilloma virus(HPV)-related cervical cancer.In schistosomiasis-endemic countries such as Madagascar,data on FGS and HPV prevalence are lacking as well as preventive measures for both conditions.This study aims to estimate the prevalence of FGS and HPV in rural Madagascar,and to examine associated risk factors to identify opportunities for improving women’s health.Methods After initial community outreach activities,interested women aged 18-49 years were recruited consecutively in 2021 at three primary health care centers in the district of Marovoay.FGS was detected by colposcopy.Colposcopy images were double-blind reviewed by two independent specialists.A Luminex bead-based assay was performed on cervical vaginal lavage specimens for HPV typing.Crude(CPR)and adjusted prevalence ratios(APR)of associations between selected factors and FGS and HPV positivity were estimated using univariable and multivariable binary Poisson regression with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results Among 500 women enrolled,302 had complete information on FGS and HPV diagnosis,and were thus eligible for analysis.Within the sample,189(62.6%,95%CI:56.9-68.1)cases of FGS were detected.A total of 129 women(42.7%,95%CI:37.1-48.5)tested positive for HPV.In total,80 women(26.5%,95%CI:21.6-31.8)tested positive for both conditions.No association was observed between FGS and HPV positivity,while previous pregnancy(APR=0.65,95%CI:0.43-0.78)and older age(APR=0.59,95%CI:0.42-0.81)are showing a negative association with HPV infection compared to no previous pregnancy and younger age groups.Conclusions The results of the study show that FGS and HPV are highly prevalent in rural Madagascar.The concurrent prevalence of these two conditions requires urgent adaptations of public health strategies to improve women’s health,such as integrated services at primary level of care.

春小麦抗蚜性与麦长管蚜EST活性及GSH活性的关系

为阐明春小麦对蚜虫的抗生性机理及蚜虫对寄主的适应性机制,选用抗蚜性不同的8个春小麦品种(系)为试验材料,利用灌浆期人工接种的方法,研究了小麦抗蚜水平与麦长管蚜无翅型孤雌胎生蚜酯酶(EST)活性及谷胱甘肽转移酶(GSH)活性的关系。结果表明,蚜虫EST活性与春小麦抗蚜水平有关,GSH活性与小麦抗蚜水平无关。穗部及旗叶蚜虫EST活性均与其存活率呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.7047(P=0.04523)和-0.7214(P=0.0380),与有翅蚜分化率接近显著或显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.6767(P=0.05911)和-0.7317(P=0.0336),与仔蚜繁殖率相关不显著。穗部及旗叶上蚜虫GSH活性均与其存活率、有翅蚜分化率及仔蚜繁殖率不相关。

PCR analysis of Yq microdeletions in infertile males, a study from South India

AIM: To estimate the frequency of microdeletions in the long arm of Y-chromosome of 20 infertile males from South India. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using Y-specific STS of azoospermia factor (AZF) regions i.e., SY 84 for AZFa, SY 127 for AZFb and SY 254 for AZFc. RESULTS: Of the 20 infertile subjects 3 (15 %), one azoospermic and two oligozoospermic, showed microdeletions in the AZF region of Y-chromosome. CONCLUSION: The frequency of deletions involving AZF region of the Y-chromosome is 15 % in azoospermic and severely oligozoospermic infertile men. PCR amplification of AZF locus is useful for the diagnosis of microdeletions in the Y-chromosome.

Effects of Nicotinamide on Mouse Skin Tumor Development and Its Mode of Action

Nicotinamide (NA), a naturally occuring vitamin and a protease inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in treating some skin ailments. It inhibits cell proiferaion and induces cell differentiation. This report shows the effects of NA on mouse skin tumor development and on the critical events involved in this process. NA reduced tumor growth, inhibited the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced ornithine decarboxylase activity, but induced the transglutaminare activity which was inhibited by TPA under different experimental conditions.The effects of NA on ornithine decarboxylare (ODC) and transglutaminase (TG) indicated that nicotinamide (NA) probably programmmed the cells for their death in the natural course of time, i.e. programed cell death. This observation indicates that NA might be a better agent for the detailed study and for the better use in prevention of cancer alone or in combination with other drugs.

Comparison of Sexual Function in Primiparous Women Pre-Pregnancy and Postpartum: Difference of the Sexual Function after the Normal Vaginal Delivery and the Cesarean Section

Introduction: Sexual function is undoubtedly an important dimension of adult life. Due to all the conflicting results with regard to sexual function after the normal vaginal delivery (NVD) or the Cesarean Section (CS), in the present study, we aimed to compare the sexual function in women pre-pregnancy and postpartum and also after the NVD and CS. Materials and Methods: In this cohort study, two groups of healthy women, with antenatal normal pregnancies, who underwent NVD (n = 90) and CS (n = 113), were prospectively studied. The sexual function of the participants was assessed through a Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire in two stages: once before pregnancy and then within 3 to 6 months after delivery, which lasted from June 2011 to September 2012. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and T Test. Results: Based on the data gathered from 206 women who completed the FSFI questionnaire in two stages, the mean (±SD) self-reported timing of the resumption of sexual activity was 8.9 ± 1.3. There was no significant statistical difference found between the two groups by timing of the resumption of sexual activity in NVD and CS groups. There was also no statistically significant difference found in the overall sexual function scores between the two groups (NVD vs. CS). The average score for female sexual function in desire, arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction within 3 to 6 months after delivery was significantly lower than that of their pre-pregnancy period (p < 0.004). The mean coitus in postpartum period was 1.84 ± 1.20 per week. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, there was no significant relationship between the mode of delivery and changes in sexual function. Therefore, it can be claimed that CS is not preferred to NVD with regard to preserving normal sexual functioning.

Analysis of the Awakening Process of Edna in The Awakening by Using“Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs”Theory

The Awakening written by Kate Chopin is published for a long time,which stirs up streams of praise for its bold content.Most researchers make analysis on this novel from different perspectives including postmodernism,deconstruction,feminism,binary opposition,and so on.Based on the“Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs”,this paper lays emphasis on the transition of protagonist Edna from suffering the traditional shackle to pursuing the self-independent.This paper aims to help readers realize an awakening process of Edna and appeals for more concern on the transformation of females’roles.

OCULO-CEREBRO-RENAL SYNDROME (LOWE'S SYNDROME)

Oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome (Lowe's syndrome) is characterized by mental and motor retardation, cataract, glaucoma and renal abnormalities. It is an X-linked recessive metabolic disease. Two brothers suffering from Lowe's syndrome are reported. Their mother with lenticular opacities and peculiar facial appearance is in concordance with the obligate carrier. The ocular changes and heridity are discussed.

A Contrastive Study of the Social Outlooks in Utopia and Gulliver’s Travels

Utopia,the masterpiece of Thomas More,is one of the milestones of the history of utopian socialism in the early age and condenses the essence of Renaissance spirit.While Gulliver’s Travels,Jonathan Swift’s immortal work,was bred under the impact of Enlightenment and enabled Swift to be one of the major representatives of radicals in the Enlightenment Movement.These two works will be compared in terms of their social outlooks by comparison and contrast to enlighten some inspirations on current soci⁃ety.There will be 2 perspectives:politics and culture.To be more specific,politic views put emphasis on democracy.And culture view discusses about attitudes towards female.Both works’values and limits will be involved in the research.The results show that though Utopia and Gulliver’s Travels born in different periods.They share similar background and themes with different means of artistic expression.They both reveal and criticize on the darkness of the British society in their ages and perform their yearning for an ideal society.Nevertheless,they also own varied social views in various aspects like attitudes towards women.Their ideas have been put on a significant post in English literature even in world literature,which are greatly worth our profound thinking.And a di⁃alectic perspective to view these two grand works is necessary.

青春期双酚S暴露对雌性小鼠神经行为及脑组织抗氧化水平的影响

目的研究青春期双酚S(BPS)暴露对雌性小鼠神经行为及脑组织抗氧化水平的影响。方法将52只4周龄SPF级雌性C57BL/6J小鼠采用随机数字表法分为对照组及BPS低、中、高剂量组4组,每组13只。给予不同剂量BPS染毒8周后,通过旷场试验和Morris水迷宫试验对小鼠进行神经行为学观察,并检测小鼠脑组织氧化应激指标丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化物酶(CAT)的活性。结果旷场试验结果显示,青春期BPS暴露雌性小鼠的焦虑情绪和自发活动情况与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);Morris水迷宫试验结果显示,除第5天BPS中剂量组小鼠的逃避潜伏期明显短于其他3组(P<0.05)外,青春期暴露于BPS的雌性小鼠与对照组雌性小鼠成年后的学习和记忆功能比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);青春期暴露于BPS的雌性小鼠脑组织内氧化应激指标(MDA、SOD、GSH-Px、CAT)与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论青春期BPS暴露对雌性小鼠神经行为无明显影响,也未致使小鼠脑组织出现明显的氧化应激反应。