Background: Emergence agitation (EA) is a common phenomenon observed in pediatric patients following general anesthesia. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of propofol and fentanyl in preventing EA and to compare...Background: Emergence agitation (EA) is a common phenomenon observed in pediatric patients following general anesthesia. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of propofol and fentanyl in preventing EA and to compare their associated complications or side effects. Methods: This prospective randomized observational comparative study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of propofol and fentanyl on EA in children aged 18 to 72 months undergoing circumcision, herniotomy, and polypectomy operations. Ninety children were included in the study, with 45 in each group. Patients with psychological or neurological disorders were excluded. Various parameters including age, sex, weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, duration of anesthesia, Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen (SPO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) score, duration of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, incidence of laryngospasm, nausea, vomiting, and rescue drug requirement were compared between the two groups. Results: Age, sex, weight, ASA class, and duration of anesthesia were comparable between the two groups. Perioperative SpO2 and HR were similar in both groups. However, the PAED score was significantly higher in the fentanyl group during all follow-ups except at 30 minutes postoperatively. The mean duration of PACU stay was significantly longer in the fentanyl group. Although the incidence of laryngospasm was higher in the fentanyl group, it was not statistically significant. Conversely, nausea or vomiting was significantly higher in the fentanyl group. The requirement for rescue drugs was significantly higher in the fentanyl group compared to the propofol group. Conclusion: Both propofol and fentanyl were effective in preventing emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing various surgical procedures under sevoflurane anesthesia. However, propofol demonstrated a better safety profile with fewer incidences of nausea, vomiting, and rescue drug requirements compared to fentanyl.展开更多
目的:对比鞘内注射舒芬太尼与芬太尼对高龄股骨粗隆骨折近端股骨钉抗旋(PFNA)内固定术患者的镇痛效果及安全性对比。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年12月于常熟市第五人民医院接受股骨粗隆骨折PFNA内固定术的108例高龄患者作为研究对象,根...目的:对比鞘内注射舒芬太尼与芬太尼对高龄股骨粗隆骨折近端股骨钉抗旋(PFNA)内固定术患者的镇痛效果及安全性对比。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年12月于常熟市第五人民医院接受股骨粗隆骨折PFNA内固定术的108例高龄患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为研究组54例与常规组54例。研究组采用鞘内注射舒芬太尼,常规组采用鞘内注射芬太尼。比较两组手术时间、镇痛时间、术后6 h、12 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及不良反应发生情况。结果:两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组镇痛时间长于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组术后6 h、12 h VAS评分低于常规组,且两组术后12 h VAS评分低于术后6 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相比芬太尼,舒芬太尼在高龄股骨粗隆骨折PFNA内固定术患者中的镇痛作用显著,能缓解术后疼痛,还可降低不良反应发生率。展开更多
Mass-spectrometric interface for the measurement of anaesthetic agent concentration in biological fluids (blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid) is described. Sampling of biological fluids was performed during balanced...Mass-spectrometric interface for the measurement of anaesthetic agent concentration in biological fluids (blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid) is described. Sampling of biological fluids was performed during balanced inhalational (desflurane, fentanyl) anaesthesia and total intravenous (propofol, fentanyl) anaesthesia. The described method for drug concentration measurement in biologic fluids does not require long-term sample processing before injecting the sample into mass-spectrometer interface, in contrast to chromatographic methods. A hydrophobic membrane was used in the interface to separate anaesthetic agents from biological fluids: inhalational anaesthetic desflurane, hypnotic propofol, analgesic fentanyl. A possibility to use the interface for measurement of desflurane and propofol absolute concentration in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid was demonstrated for the study of blood-brain barrier (BBB) properties.展开更多
Background and aims: we aimed to detect the outcome values of adding fentanyl, dexamethasone and sodium bicarbonate to mixture of local anesthetic in peribulbar block for vitreoretinal surgery. Methods: 120 adult ASA ...Background and aims: we aimed to detect the outcome values of adding fentanyl, dexamethasone and sodium bicarbonate to mixture of local anesthetic in peribulbar block for vitreoretinal surgery. Methods: 120 adult ASA I & II patients, admitted for vitreoretinal surgery under peribulbar block were included in this comparative study. This study included 4 groups: Group I: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml normal saline, 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. Group II: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml of sodium bicarbonate (from 1 ml sodium bicarbonate 8.4% diluted in 10 ml normal saline), 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. Group III: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml fentanyl 20 μg (from a mixture of fentanyl 100 μg diluted in 5 ml normal saline), 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. Group IV: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml of 4 mg dexamethasone (1 ampoule = 8 mg/2 ml), 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. We measured the onset and duration of anesthesia, IOP, eyelid and global akinesia, postoperative pain by numerical pain rating scale, first analgesic requirement and postoperative side effects. Results: No significant differences were detected among the four groups as respect to age, sex and the intraocular pressure (IOP) before the anesthesia block. While the intraocular pressure (IOP) after the anesthesia block there was a significant difference, as IOP was markedly decreased postoperatively in group II compared with other groups. As regard to the onset & duration of anesthesia there was significant difference among all groups, there was rapid onset and prolonged duration of anesthesia in group III compared with other groups (1.77 ± 0.63 & 5.03 ± 0.89) respectively. As regard the onset of lid akinesia there was significant difference among the four groups with better outcome in group III, as in group III represented the most rapid onset of lid akinesia. As respecting to the onset of global akinesia there was significant difference among the four groups. There was better outcome in group III as it represented more rapid onset of global akinesia compared with other groups. There were significant differences among the four groups as regard postoperative pain all over 6 hours, better results were in group III (0.27 ± 0.69) compared with group I (2.23 ± 1.17), group II (2.00 ± 1.70), group IV (0.67 ± 0.71). As regarding to the first time for analgesic requirement there were significant differences among groups, there was no request for analgesia with better outcome in group III with increasing need to the analgesic medication in group I compared to group II and group IV. As regard side effects postoperatively there were few side effects in all groups with few numbers of cases in groups III only one patient. Although these differences in number of patients are not significant among the four groups. Conclusion: Addition of sodium bicarbonate to local anesthetic mixture was the best way in lowering the IOP other than other groups and addition of fentanyl to local anesthesia provided more rapid onset and duration of anesthesia, more rapid onset and duration for lid and global akinesia, less pain, less analgesic requirement and minimal side effects than the other groups.展开更多
目的总结芬太尼类药物制剂及临床应用的研究进展,为临床用药提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)、万方(WanFang)及Web of Science,PubMed,Springer,Elsevier数据库和国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)、美国食品和药物管理...目的总结芬太尼类药物制剂及临床应用的研究进展,为临床用药提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)、万方(WanFang)及Web of Science,PubMed,Springer,Elsevier数据库和国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)、美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)、欧洲药品管理局(EMA)官方网站2013年1月至2023年7月的芬太尼相关文献,从药物制剂、临床应用、药品不良反应、药物滥用等方向梳理研究概况。结果芬太尼作为阿片类麻醉镇痛药物,广泛用于联合麻醉、分娩镇痛,在大型手术镇痛治疗及癌痛管理方面具有独特优势,但引发的嗜睡、恶心、呼吸抑制、成瘾等ADR不容忽视。我国对芬太尼类药物实行整类列管;其已上市剂型主要有注射剂、口服制剂、透皮贴剂等,具有有效的疼痛缓解作用与良好的安全性和耐受性。临床使用过程中需根据制剂的特点进行选择,以减少ADR。结论开发芬太尼新剂型对提高芬太尼类药物的使用安全性和防止滥用具有重要意义。展开更多
目的:评估羟考酮联合丙泊酚用于全凭静脉麻醉对乳腺癌保乳手术患者术中全麻效果、围手术期不良反应和镇痛效果的影响。方法:选择美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)评分Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄26~61岁,体重指数19~28 k...目的:评估羟考酮联合丙泊酚用于全凭静脉麻醉对乳腺癌保乳手术患者术中全麻效果、围手术期不良反应和镇痛效果的影响。方法:选择美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)评分Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄26~61岁,体重指数19~28 kg/m^(2),择期行乳腺癌保乳手术的患者80例,随机分为芬太尼组和羟考酮组,每组40例。记录两组患者麻醉诱导前(T_(0))、气管插管前即刻(T_(1))、手术开始时(T_(2))、切除乳腺标本时(T_(3))、手术结束时(T_(4))的收缩压、舒张压、心率;术后2 h、6 h、24 h、48 h静息状态及运动时的疼痛数字评分(numerical rating scale,NRS);患者清醒时间、拔管时间、丙泊酚用量;观察两组患者诱导期咳嗽反射、术中知晓、术中低血压、术后躁动、恶心呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等不良反应的发生率。结果:T_(2)、T_(3)时羟考酮组收缩压、舒张压、心率均显著高于芬太尼组(P<0.05)。羟考酮组患者术后2 h静息及运动时疼痛NRS评分均低于芬太尼组(P<0.05)。羟考酮组诱导期咳嗽反射的发生率显著低于芬太尼组(P<0.05)。结论:羟考酮联合丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉可安全用于乳腺癌保乳手术,全麻诱导以及维持期间麻醉效果满意,术中对循环影响小,术后镇痛效果确切。展开更多
目的评估CYP3A4*1G多态性对行腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者芬太尼剂量的影响。方法选取2018年7月—2020年4月复旦大学附属中山医院行芬太尼麻醉腹腔镜结肠癌根治术的患者101例,检测其CYP3A4*1G基因型。采用多重线性回归分析探讨CYP3A4*1G多...目的评估CYP3A4*1G多态性对行腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者芬太尼剂量的影响。方法选取2018年7月—2020年4月复旦大学附属中山医院行芬太尼麻醉腹腔镜结肠癌根治术的患者101例,检测其CYP3A4*1G基因型。采用多重线性回归分析探讨CYP3A4*1G多态性与芬太尼剂量之间的关系。结果多重线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、术中芬太尼剂量和CYP3A4*1G、CYP3A5*3、OPRM1 A118G多态性是麻醉后复苏观察室(PACU)芬太尼剂量的影响因素(P<0.05)。校正年龄、性别、体重、身高、术中芬太尼用量、手术时间和OPRM1 A118G、CYP3A5*3、COMT V158M多态性后,CYP3A4*1G野生型(*1*1型)患者PACU芬太尼剂量较CYP3A4*1G突变型[*1*1G型(杂合型)和*1G*1G(纯合型)]患者增加13.99μg[β=-13.99,95%可信区间(CI)为-6.78~-1.20,P=0.035],CYP3A4*1G多态性与术后24 h镇痛泵自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)芬太尼剂量无关(β=-7.79,95%CI为-33.70~-18.11,P=0.557),与术后48 h PCIA芬太尼剂量也无关(β=-10.28,95%CI为-22.70~2.15,P=0.108)。与CYP3A4*1G野生型(*1*1型)患者比较,CYP3A4*1G突变型[*1*1G型(杂合型)和*1G*1G(纯合型)]患者PACU和术后24 h PCIA芬太尼剂量显著降低(P<0.05)。结论CYP3A4*1G多态性是PACU芬太尼剂量的独立影响因素。相对于野生型患者,突变型患者消耗较少剂量芬太尼即可获得相似的麻醉效果。展开更多
文摘Background: Emergence agitation (EA) is a common phenomenon observed in pediatric patients following general anesthesia. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of propofol and fentanyl in preventing EA and to compare their associated complications or side effects. Methods: This prospective randomized observational comparative study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of propofol and fentanyl on EA in children aged 18 to 72 months undergoing circumcision, herniotomy, and polypectomy operations. Ninety children were included in the study, with 45 in each group. Patients with psychological or neurological disorders were excluded. Various parameters including age, sex, weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, duration of anesthesia, Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen (SPO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) score, duration of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, incidence of laryngospasm, nausea, vomiting, and rescue drug requirement were compared between the two groups. Results: Age, sex, weight, ASA class, and duration of anesthesia were comparable between the two groups. Perioperative SpO2 and HR were similar in both groups. However, the PAED score was significantly higher in the fentanyl group during all follow-ups except at 30 minutes postoperatively. The mean duration of PACU stay was significantly longer in the fentanyl group. Although the incidence of laryngospasm was higher in the fentanyl group, it was not statistically significant. Conversely, nausea or vomiting was significantly higher in the fentanyl group. The requirement for rescue drugs was significantly higher in the fentanyl group compared to the propofol group. Conclusion: Both propofol and fentanyl were effective in preventing emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing various surgical procedures under sevoflurane anesthesia. However, propofol demonstrated a better safety profile with fewer incidences of nausea, vomiting, and rescue drug requirements compared to fentanyl.
文摘目的:对比鞘内注射舒芬太尼与芬太尼对高龄股骨粗隆骨折近端股骨钉抗旋(PFNA)内固定术患者的镇痛效果及安全性对比。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年12月于常熟市第五人民医院接受股骨粗隆骨折PFNA内固定术的108例高龄患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为研究组54例与常规组54例。研究组采用鞘内注射舒芬太尼,常规组采用鞘内注射芬太尼。比较两组手术时间、镇痛时间、术后6 h、12 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及不良反应发生情况。结果:两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组镇痛时间长于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组术后6 h、12 h VAS评分低于常规组,且两组术后12 h VAS评分低于术后6 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相比芬太尼,舒芬太尼在高龄股骨粗隆骨折PFNA内固定术患者中的镇痛作用显著,能缓解术后疼痛,还可降低不良反应发生率。
文摘Mass-spectrometric interface for the measurement of anaesthetic agent concentration in biological fluids (blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid) is described. Sampling of biological fluids was performed during balanced inhalational (desflurane, fentanyl) anaesthesia and total intravenous (propofol, fentanyl) anaesthesia. The described method for drug concentration measurement in biologic fluids does not require long-term sample processing before injecting the sample into mass-spectrometer interface, in contrast to chromatographic methods. A hydrophobic membrane was used in the interface to separate anaesthetic agents from biological fluids: inhalational anaesthetic desflurane, hypnotic propofol, analgesic fentanyl. A possibility to use the interface for measurement of desflurane and propofol absolute concentration in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid was demonstrated for the study of blood-brain barrier (BBB) properties.
文摘Background and aims: we aimed to detect the outcome values of adding fentanyl, dexamethasone and sodium bicarbonate to mixture of local anesthetic in peribulbar block for vitreoretinal surgery. Methods: 120 adult ASA I & II patients, admitted for vitreoretinal surgery under peribulbar block were included in this comparative study. This study included 4 groups: Group I: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml normal saline, 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. Group II: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml of sodium bicarbonate (from 1 ml sodium bicarbonate 8.4% diluted in 10 ml normal saline), 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. Group III: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml fentanyl 20 μg (from a mixture of fentanyl 100 μg diluted in 5 ml normal saline), 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. Group IV: (30) patients using a mixture of 1 ml of 4 mg dexamethasone (1 ampoule = 8 mg/2 ml), 4 ml lidocaine 2% plus 4 ml from bupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml vial containing hyaluronidase 1500 IU. We measured the onset and duration of anesthesia, IOP, eyelid and global akinesia, postoperative pain by numerical pain rating scale, first analgesic requirement and postoperative side effects. Results: No significant differences were detected among the four groups as respect to age, sex and the intraocular pressure (IOP) before the anesthesia block. While the intraocular pressure (IOP) after the anesthesia block there was a significant difference, as IOP was markedly decreased postoperatively in group II compared with other groups. As regard to the onset & duration of anesthesia there was significant difference among all groups, there was rapid onset and prolonged duration of anesthesia in group III compared with other groups (1.77 ± 0.63 & 5.03 ± 0.89) respectively. As regard the onset of lid akinesia there was significant difference among the four groups with better outcome in group III, as in group III represented the most rapid onset of lid akinesia. As respecting to the onset of global akinesia there was significant difference among the four groups. There was better outcome in group III as it represented more rapid onset of global akinesia compared with other groups. There were significant differences among the four groups as regard postoperative pain all over 6 hours, better results were in group III (0.27 ± 0.69) compared with group I (2.23 ± 1.17), group II (2.00 ± 1.70), group IV (0.67 ± 0.71). As regarding to the first time for analgesic requirement there were significant differences among groups, there was no request for analgesia with better outcome in group III with increasing need to the analgesic medication in group I compared to group II and group IV. As regard side effects postoperatively there were few side effects in all groups with few numbers of cases in groups III only one patient. Although these differences in number of patients are not significant among the four groups. Conclusion: Addition of sodium bicarbonate to local anesthetic mixture was the best way in lowering the IOP other than other groups and addition of fentanyl to local anesthesia provided more rapid onset and duration of anesthesia, more rapid onset and duration for lid and global akinesia, less pain, less analgesic requirement and minimal side effects than the other groups.
文摘目的总结芬太尼类药物制剂及临床应用的研究进展,为临床用药提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)、万方(WanFang)及Web of Science,PubMed,Springer,Elsevier数据库和国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)、美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)、欧洲药品管理局(EMA)官方网站2013年1月至2023年7月的芬太尼相关文献,从药物制剂、临床应用、药品不良反应、药物滥用等方向梳理研究概况。结果芬太尼作为阿片类麻醉镇痛药物,广泛用于联合麻醉、分娩镇痛,在大型手术镇痛治疗及癌痛管理方面具有独特优势,但引发的嗜睡、恶心、呼吸抑制、成瘾等ADR不容忽视。我国对芬太尼类药物实行整类列管;其已上市剂型主要有注射剂、口服制剂、透皮贴剂等,具有有效的疼痛缓解作用与良好的安全性和耐受性。临床使用过程中需根据制剂的特点进行选择,以减少ADR。结论开发芬太尼新剂型对提高芬太尼类药物的使用安全性和防止滥用具有重要意义。
文摘目的评估CYP3A4*1G多态性对行腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者芬太尼剂量的影响。方法选取2018年7月—2020年4月复旦大学附属中山医院行芬太尼麻醉腹腔镜结肠癌根治术的患者101例,检测其CYP3A4*1G基因型。采用多重线性回归分析探讨CYP3A4*1G多态性与芬太尼剂量之间的关系。结果多重线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、术中芬太尼剂量和CYP3A4*1G、CYP3A5*3、OPRM1 A118G多态性是麻醉后复苏观察室(PACU)芬太尼剂量的影响因素(P<0.05)。校正年龄、性别、体重、身高、术中芬太尼用量、手术时间和OPRM1 A118G、CYP3A5*3、COMT V158M多态性后,CYP3A4*1G野生型(*1*1型)患者PACU芬太尼剂量较CYP3A4*1G突变型[*1*1G型(杂合型)和*1G*1G(纯合型)]患者增加13.99μg[β=-13.99,95%可信区间(CI)为-6.78~-1.20,P=0.035],CYP3A4*1G多态性与术后24 h镇痛泵自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)芬太尼剂量无关(β=-7.79,95%CI为-33.70~-18.11,P=0.557),与术后48 h PCIA芬太尼剂量也无关(β=-10.28,95%CI为-22.70~2.15,P=0.108)。与CYP3A4*1G野生型(*1*1型)患者比较,CYP3A4*1G突变型[*1*1G型(杂合型)和*1G*1G(纯合型)]患者PACU和术后24 h PCIA芬太尼剂量显著降低(P<0.05)。结论CYP3A4*1G多态性是PACU芬太尼剂量的独立影响因素。相对于野生型患者,突变型患者消耗较少剂量芬太尼即可获得相似的麻醉效果。
