Toxic Gas Put 161 Workers of Jilin Chemical Fiber Plant in Hospital

A news briefing held on May 13 by local government in Jilin city of Jilin province released that 161 workers got sick symptoms as a result of their contact with an unidentified gas emitting from Jilin Chemical Fiber Group Corp.

Influence of Some Plant Fibers on the Mechanical Performance of Composite Materials

This work focused on the search for biobased materials capable of being used in road techniques as soil inclusions, and on studying the influence of their incorporation on the characteristic parameters of pavement layers. To this end, pineapple, cyperus and imperata plant fibers, due to their endemic availability, were used as reinforcement on sourced materials, notably bar soil, lateritic gravel and silty sand. Complete identification and mechanical tests (Proctor and CBR) were carried out on materials in their natural state (soil) and on composite materials (soil + plant fibers) in the laboratory to determine their classification in road geotechnics, their compaction parameters and their mechanical behavior. Firstly, the various types of 2.5 cm long fibers were incorporated into the different types of soil at mass contents of 1% and 2%. This part of the study showed that the pineapple fiber composite incorporated into class A2 bar soil offered the best results, with a 38% gain in CBR index compared with the natural soil. Pineapple fibers incorporated at 1% in lateritic gravel raise the CBR value of the reinforced soil to 10% of the CBR value of the natural soil and to 7% for silty sand.

基于Plant Simulation的化纤自动落丝系统仿真实验分析

基于Plant Simulation软件,构建一种化纤自动落丝系统的3D数字化模型,对系统效率关键输入因子进行参数化设置,将系统各工位三维数字模型导入软件中建立层次化运动机构图形结构,并运用Simltalk语言实现三维动作仿真,通过基础物理参数设置,保证了仿真数字化模型与现实系统更具一致性。通过多级实验设计分析了系统影响因子对于系统效率的影响特性曲线,并进一步通过动态参数化实验方法,计算出双输入因子对系统效能影响的敏感度。该实验结果可为化纤自动落丝系统的建设成本控制与可行性分析提供指导,具有较好的工程应用价值。

Economics and Performance of 10 Gb/s Metro Transport Over Mixed Fiber Plant of G.655 NZDF and G.652.C Zero Water-Peak Fibers

Using lower-cost lasers, 30% savings are possible for 10-Gb/s uncompensated metro transmission over NZDF, compared to G.652 fiber. We present WDM transmission results for a mixed plant of NZDF rings interconnected to G.652.C-fiber access laterals.

Study on plant fiber/plastic composites as the substrate of floorboard

Three kinds of composites （fiber/Polypropylene, fiber/Polyethelene, and fiber/Polystyrene） were made by using hot pressing process for substrate of floorboard and the properties of each kind of composites were tested. MORs of PP/wood fiber, PS/fiber, and PE/fiber composites with coupling agent added were raised by 18.4%, 37.1%, and 42%. respectively, compared to those without coupling agent. Among the three kinds of fiber/plastic composites, fiber/PP composite has best mechanical properties, and it can meet quality standard of eligible grade product and come up to the excellent grade products of China when the coupling agent is added. The performance of composite made of PE/fiber or PS/fiber can exceed qualified product grade only with coupling agent added.

Effect of Plant Fiber-Polyacrylamide Blend on Retention and Evaporation Water at Arid and Semi-Arid Soils of Algeria

Soil and water conservation is essential for sustaining food production and for preserving the environment in arid and semi arid lands （ASALs） where conditions for agriculture and other land use systems are often harsh and unpredictable. The ASALs of Algeria are an important source of a variety of non wood forest products like Stipa tenacissima L. plant （esparto grass）. This research was conducted to determine the effects of different low concentration （〈 I%） polyacrylaJnide, Stipa tenacissima L. fiber （esparto grass fibers） and its mixtures with the polymer at water retention in arid and semi arid soil. All samples are characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray Diffractometry, thermal analysis TG DSC and scanning electron micrographs （SEM）. The results showed that polymer blend in soil could improve better soil physical proprieties decreased evaporation and increase water retention in arid soils compared with application of any other blend at the same concentration. The use of Polyacrylamide-Cellulose blend appears to promise for reducing the labor cost of irrigation at arid and semi-arid soils, and offers safe and environmentally friendly inexpensive materials. The importance of Polyacrylamide-Cellulose blends to alleviate poor physical properties and retain water in these arid regions to sustain plant growth.

Effects of planting dates and shading on carbohydrate content,yield,and fiber quality in cotton with respect to fruiting positions

Two cotton（Gossypium hirsutum L.） cultivars, Kemian 1（cool temperature-tolerant） and Sumian 15（cool temperaturesensitive） were used to study the effects of cool temperature on carbohydrates, yield, and fiber quality in cotton bolls located at different fruiting positions（FP）. Cool temperatures were created using late planting and low light. The experiment was conducted in 2010 and 2011 using two planting dates（OPD, the optimized planting date, 25 April; LPD, the late planting date, 10 June） and two shading levels of crop relative light rate（CRLR, 100 and 60%）. Compared with fruiting position 1（FP1）, cotton yield and yield components（fiber quality, leaf sucrose and starch content, and fiber cellulose） were all decreased on FP3 under all treatments. Compared with OPD-CRLR 100%, other treatments（OPD-CRLR 60%, LPD-CRLR 100%, and LPD-CRLR 60%） had significantly decreased lint yield at both FPs of both cultivars, but especially at FP3 and in Sumian 15; this decrease was mainly caused by a large decline in boll number. All fiber quality indices decreased under late planting and shading except fiber length at FP1 with OPD-CRLR 60%, and a greater reduction was observed at FP3 and in Sumian 15. Sucrose content of the subtending leaf and fiber increased under LPD compared to OPD, whereas it decreased under CRLR 60% compared to CRLR 100%, which led to decreased fiber cellulose content. Therefore, shading primarily decreased the ＂source＂ sucrose content in the subtending leaf whereas late planting diminished translocation of sucrose towards cotton fiber. Notably, as planting date was delayed and light was decreased, more carbohydrates were distributed to leaf and bolls at FP1 than those at FP3, resulting in higher yield and better fiber quality at FP1, and a higher proportion of bolls and carbohydrates allocated at FP3 of Kemian 1 compared to that of Sumian 15. In conclusion, cotton yield and fiber quality were reduced less at FP1 compared to those at FP3 under low temperature and low light conditions. Thus, reduced cotton yield and fiber quality loss can be minimized by selecting low temperature tolerant cultivars under both low temperature and light conditions.

Fiber from Plants,Not Petroleum

Sweetcorn and sugar are no longer just used to feed your appetite, they have joined the team of ‘green re- sources’ and instead of oil, the food farmily is paving its way to achieve a zero-waste revolution.

Effects of High Plant Protein and High Soluble Fiber Beverages on Satiety, Appetite Control and Subsequent Food Intake in Healthy Men

Plant based proteins and fibers are attractive ingredients for weight management-dietary preventive strategies due to their positive satiety enhancement effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of beverages high in plant-protein and soluble fiber on satiety, appetite, hunger and subsequent food intake in healthy young men. This was a randomized crossover study with 30 normal weight male participants, BMI 23.6 ± 1.6 and age 22 ± 1.4. Volunteers consumed one high carbohydrates control (B) and 3 treatments on different days with 3-day washout period. Beverages had similar viscosity and energy content (238 ± 3.8 Kcal). The blank contained (B)-0 g protein/2g fiber), High protein (HP)-30 g protein/2g fiber, High Fiber (HF)-0 g protein/11g fiber and High protein high fiber beverage (HPHF)-30g protein/11g fiber. Visual Analogue Scales VAS were used for subjective satiety, hunger and appetite. Subsequent energy and macronutrient intake was measured by difference after consuming lunch ad libitum. Beverages HP, HF and HPHF showed higher satiety effect than B after 2 and 3 hours post consumption (P = 0.02). HP showed the most prolonged effect on satiety (4 h) compared to the control (P = 0.02). Appetite control was not different between treatments but significant differences were observed against the control after 2 h of consumption (P = 0.01). No differences on hunger perception, subsequent energy or macronutrient intake were observed among all beverages (P > 0.05). The current study demonstrates that HPHF, HP and HF beverages led to improved satiety over high carbohydrate beverages. In conclusion, beverages formulated with plant-based proteins, soluble corn fiber or both may be an effective strategy to promote satiety as part of an overall weight management plan.

钢-植物纤维混掺增强混凝土力学性能研究

在混凝土中加入外掺纤维材料可以有效改善混凝土的力学性能,几种外掺纤维通过一定的比例混掺增强混凝土的力学性能相比单一纤维单掺入有更好的增强效果。植物纤维广泛存在于自然界,且有产量大、易获取、环保且可再生等优点。选取竹纤维、剑麻和黄麻3种植物纤维与钢纤维混掺,通过试验分析钢-植物纤维混掺对混凝土劈裂抗拉、抗剪以及抗冲击性能的增强效果,并与单掺钢纤维进行对比分析,验证了钢-植物纤维增强混凝土力学性能的可靠性。同时通过对3种植物纤维与钢纤维混掺的掺入量和配合比进行影响分析,提出了钢-植物纤维混掺增强混凝土的优化方案,并提出响应掺入量、配合比的建议值,为试验研究和工程应用提供借鉴和参考。

植物纤维增强混凝土力学性能试验研究

以剑麻纤维、黄麻纤维和竹纤维为增强体,研究了植物纤维对混凝土的抗压、抗折等力学性能的增强效果,以及植物纤维的长度、掺入量和纤维分布对增强效果的影响,并与聚丙烯纤维增强效果进行对比分析。试验证明:植物纤维对混凝土抗压强度的影响可忽略不计,但对混凝土抗折强度产生重要影响。剑麻纤维(长度20 mm,体积分数1.5%)、竹纤维(长度10 mm,体积分数1.0%)和黄麻纤维(长度10 mm,体积分数1.5%)增强效果均较好,竹纤维增强效果优于其他两种植物纤维。植物纤维混掺增强效果优于单一植物纤维增强效果,总体积分数1.5%的“剑麻纤维—黄麻纤维—竹纤维”混掺增强效果最好。

植物茎秆纤维结构及其沥青胶浆流变特性

本研究将棉秸秆、玉米秸秆、废竹、蔗渣制备出植物纤维。采用相关分析和试验评价各植物纤维沥青胶浆的物化特性。结果表明:在微米级结构层面上,棉秸秆纤维、玉米秸秆纤维和蔗渣纤维呈现出空腔管状结构,竹纤维、木质素纤维为实心结构;各纤维的化学成分存在差异,且影响其热解速率。掺入纤维后,沥青胶浆高温稳定性改善明显,在初始试验温度下各纤维沥青胶浆车辙因子提升了23.8%~75.7%,弹性恢复率提高了9.4%~18.5%。掺加纤维后,沥青胶浆低温抗裂性能略有下降,但植物纤维类型对其影响并不显著。

桑叶茶与小叶紫檀对汉麻纤维套染性能的研究

为扩展天然染料染色的色谱范围,采用桑叶茶和小叶紫檀对汉麻纤维进行套染,分析了桑叶茶染液的质量分数、媒染剂的质量分数、小叶紫檀染液的质量分数对套染汉麻纤维K/S值的影响,以及套染后汉麻纤维的耐摩擦色牢度、耐汗渍色牢度和耐皂洗色牢度。结果表明,桑叶茶与小叶紫檀套染的汉麻纤维可以获得颜色较深的紫红色。综合分析正交试验和单因素试验结果,得到桑叶茶与小叶紫檀对汉麻纤维套染的优化工艺条件如下:桑叶茶染液质量分数60%,媒染剂质量分数10%,小叶紫檀染液质量分数100%。在该条件下所套染汉麻纤维的耐摩擦色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度符合国家服用性能标准,耐皂洗色牢度有待提高。

植物纤维增强聚合物基复合材料湿热老化研究进展

植物纤维具有材料成本低、来源丰富、可再生、可生物降解、比强度和比模量高等优点,以植物纤维代替合成纤维作为增强体制备的绿色复合材料引起了学术界和工业界的普遍关注,并初步应用于汽车、建筑、航空航天等领域。与传统合成纤维相比,植物纤维自身的多层次、多尺度结构和与生俱来的亲水性使得其增强聚合物基复合材料在服役过程中容易受水分和温度的影响,引起力学性能下降,可能导致整个结构的破损甚至失效,从而阻碍其应用和发展。近年来,学者们对植物纤维增强聚合物基复合材料湿热老化进行了相关的研究。本文从复合材料吸水行为、影响复合材料吸水的因素、湿热老化对复合材料力学性能的影响、复合材料界面失效机理、复合材料湿热老化机理和化学处理对复合材料湿热老化的影响等几个方面综述了国内外植物纤维增强聚合物基复合材料湿热老化研究现状,希望为研究植物纤维增强聚合物基复合材料湿热老化的学者提供参考。

硬脂酸-CaCO_(3)协同改性对植物纤维/聚乳酸复合材料力学性能的影响

以硬脂酸、CaCl_(2)、NaHCO_(3)和NaOH为原料,对植物纤维进行硬脂酸-CaCO_(3)协同改性,在纤维表面沉积CaCO_(3)颗粒和疏水的硬脂酸钙层,并通过造纸法制备改性植物纤维/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料。结果表明,协同改性生成的硬脂酸钙包裹了CaCO_(3)颗粒并覆盖在植物纤维表面,提高了纤维的疏水性,复合材料的力学性能随c(硬脂酸)∶c(NaHCO_(3))的增加而先增加后减小;反应温度对复合材料强度影响较小;复合材料的抗张指数和耐破指数随c(NaOH)∶c(NaHCO_(3))的增加而先增加后减小,耐折度则持续减小;最佳改性条件为:c(硬脂酸)∶c(NaHCO_(3))∶c(NaOH)=4∶6∶6、反应温度75℃,此时制备的复合材料抗张指数、耐破指数和耐折度分别为51.0 N·m/g、3.56 kPa·m^(2)/g、244次。

天然植物纤维增强热塑性复合材料的研究进展

由石油化工原料制备的纤维材料的广泛应用导致环境污染问题日益严峻,研发绿色环保的新型纤维材料迫在眉睫。天然植物纤维具有可再生和可降解的特点,在当前强调绿色发展的背景下备受关注,在增强热塑性复合材料领域具有广阔的应用前景,使用天然植物纤维复合热塑性高分子聚合物制备性能优异的复合材料已经逐步发展为一项成熟的技术。该文总结了天然植物纤维结构和改性对复合材料性能的影响,综述了近年来天然植物纤维增强可降解和不可降解热塑性复合材料性能的应用进展,展望了天然植物纤维与可降解塑料复合材料的工业化前景。

全降解植物纤维地膜在农业环境领域的研究动态

地膜在我国农业生产中发挥着重要作用,能够促进作物的生长发育,提高农业生产力。然而随着地膜的广泛应用,其造成的环境问题日益严重。近年来,伴随着可降解材料的不断开发与膜材料加工工艺的不断更新,为全降解植物纤维地膜的发展提供了契机。本文就纤维地膜出现的背景、现状、面临的问题及未来的发展趋势进行了分析与探讨。随着制备工艺的不断改进和人们对于环境问题的愈渐关注,植物纤维地膜将成为未来农业新材料发展的重要领域。

植物纤维拆解及自成型技术研究进展

植物纤维属于植物的厚壁组织,植物纤维的利用对我国减少碳排放,实现碳中和目标具有重要意义。植物纤维是一种具备高长径比,能够自交织成型的生物质材料,将其加工成纤维制品,可以减轻对石油基等不可再生资源的依赖。重点介绍了化学拆解、物理拆解和生物拆解获得不同尺度植物纤维的机理、优缺点,并且对拆解后不同尺度的植物纤维所需的成型工艺和发展趋势进行了综述。未来需要在木质素高效拆解的基础上,开发不同尺度纤维的高效成型技术,使预处理和成型工艺更加低碳环保,提高植物纤维制品的应用效果和使用性能。

植物纤维基阻燃薄页材料的研究进展

归纳了高分子聚合物添加阻燃剂,包括卤素、金属氢氧化物、磷系、氮系、硼系、硅基和纳米基等阻燃剂及在纤维材料中的应用。重点介绍了基于造纸法制备植物纤维基阻燃薄页材料的研究进展,阐述了制备方法的优缺点及规模化生产植物纤维基阻燃薄页材料的适用方法,并对其制备方法和相关阻燃剂发展方向进行了展望。

不同植物纤维改善沥青混合料性能研究

为扩展植物纤维在沥青路面中的应用范围,选取木质素纤维、竹纤维和剑麻纤维添加于AC-13和SMA-13混合料中,通过力学强度、路用性能和沥青-矿料黏结力试验对比不同植物纤维沥青混合料的性能差异,并采用方差分析方法探讨不同因素对沥青混合料性能影响的显著性。结果表明,植物纤维的使用有效改善沥青混合料的性能,但不同植物纤维对沥青混合料性能的影响存在差异,其中木质素纤维、竹纤维和剑麻纤维对混合料强度和高温性能的改善效果依次降低,而掺有不同植物纤维的沥青混合料低温抗裂性能、水稳性能和抗松散性能优劣为:竹纤维>剑麻纤维>木质素纤维。纤维沥青混合料的性能变化与纤维的物理指标密切相关,尤其是吸水率和抗拉强度指标。竹纤维沥青混合料具有较好的强度和路用性能,能够替代木质素纤维应用于沥青路面中。