Many studies have shown that fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5(FDNC5) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) play vital roles in plasticity after brain injury. An enriched environment refers to an ...Many studies have shown that fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5(FDNC5) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) play vital roles in plasticity after brain injury. An enriched environment refers to an environment that provides animals with multi-sensory stimulation and movement opportunities. An enriched environment has been shown to promote the regeneration of nerve cells, synapses, and blood vessels in the animal brain after cerebral ischemia;however, the exact mechanisms have not been clarified. This study aimed to determine whether an enriched environment could improve neurobehavioral functions after the experimental inducement of cerebral ischemia and whether neurobehavioral outcomes were associated with the expression of FDNC5 and BDNF. This study established ischemic mouse models using permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion(pMCAO) on the left side. On postoperative day 1, the mice were randomly assigned to either enriched environment or standard housing condition groups. Mice in the standard housing condition group were housed and fed under standard conditions. Mice in the enriched environment group were housed in a large cage, containing various toys, and fed with a standard diet. Sham-operated mice received the same procedure, but without artery occlusion, and were housed and fed under standard conditions. On postoperative days 7 and 14, a beam-walking test was used to assess coordination, balance, and spatial learning. On postoperative days 16–20, a Morris water maze test was used to assess spatial learning and memory. On postoperative day 15, the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF proteins in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex were analyzed by western blot assay. The results showed that compared with the standard housing condition group, the motor balance and coordination functions(based on beam-walking test scores 7 and 14 days after operation), spatial learning abilities(based on the spatial learning scores from the Morris water maze test 16–19 days after operation), and memory abilities(based on the memory scores of the Morris water maze test 20 days after operation) of the enriched environment group improved significantly. In addition, the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF proteins in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex increased in the enriched environment group compared with those in the standard housing condition group. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that neurobehavioral functions were positively associated with the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF(r = 0.587 and r = 0.840, respectively). These findings suggest that an enriched environment upregulates FDNC5 protein expression in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex after cerebral ischemia, which then activates BDNF protein expression, improving neurological function. BDNF protein expression was positively correlated with improved neurological function. The experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Fudan University, China(approval Nos. 20160858 A232, 20160860 A234) on February 24, 2016.展开更多
目的探讨富含亮氨酸重复序列/Ⅲ型纤维连接蛋白4(leucine-rich repeat and fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 4,LRFN4)在胃癌组织中的表达情况,并分析LRFN4表达水平与胃癌患者临床病理参数和预后的关系。方法收集2017年1月...目的探讨富含亮氨酸重复序列/Ⅲ型纤维连接蛋白4(leucine-rich repeat and fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 4,LRFN4)在胃癌组织中的表达情况,并分析LRFN4表达水平与胃癌患者临床病理参数和预后的关系。方法收集2017年1月至12月于中山大学附属第一医院胃肠外科中心确诊并行手术治疗的胃癌患者组织标本8对(包含胃癌组织和癌旁正常组织),并选取2004年1月至2005年12月在同一中心行手术治疗的117例胃癌患者的术后组织标本制成胃癌组织芯片。分析LRFN4在癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome atlas,TCGA)数据库胃癌数据集中的表达情况,应用蛋白质印迹法及实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测LRFN4在8对新鲜胃癌组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达,应用免疫组织化学检测LRFN4在胃癌组织芯片中的表达。分析不同LRFN4表达水平的胃癌患者其临床病理参数的差异。应用Kaplan-Meier法分析不同LRFN4表达水平的胃癌患者的预后情况。应用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析法分析胃癌患者预后的影响因素。结果LRFN4在TCGA数据库胃癌数据集的胃癌组织以及新鲜胃癌组织中呈高表达状态。LRFN4高表达的患者,表现出更大的肿瘤大小以及更为进展的T分期、N分期、M分期和TNM分期(均P<0.05),其预后也较差(P<0.001)。单因素和多因素Cox回归分析提示LRFN4在胃癌组织中的高表达是影响胃癌患者预后的独立危险因素(HR=3.898,95%CI 2.273~6.686,P<0.001)。结论胃癌组织中LRFN4高表达与患者较差的预后相关,可能成为预测胃癌患者预后的生物标志物之一。展开更多
Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. Studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective f...Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. Studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective functions against Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, by improving cognitive function and reducing amyloid-β and tau pathologies as well as neuroinflammation in cell culture or animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Although current and ongoing studies on irisin/FNDC5 show promising results, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify its potential as a meaningful therapeutic target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. We recently found that irisin treatment reduces amyloid-β pathology by increasing the activity/levels of amyloid-β-degrading enzyme neprilysin secreted from astrocytes. Herein, we present an overview of irisin/FNDC5's protective roles and mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81601961(to KWY),81672242(to YW)the Key Construction Projects of Shanghai Health and Family Planning on Weak Discipline,China,No.2015ZB0401(to YW)
文摘Many studies have shown that fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5(FDNC5) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) play vital roles in plasticity after brain injury. An enriched environment refers to an environment that provides animals with multi-sensory stimulation and movement opportunities. An enriched environment has been shown to promote the regeneration of nerve cells, synapses, and blood vessels in the animal brain after cerebral ischemia;however, the exact mechanisms have not been clarified. This study aimed to determine whether an enriched environment could improve neurobehavioral functions after the experimental inducement of cerebral ischemia and whether neurobehavioral outcomes were associated with the expression of FDNC5 and BDNF. This study established ischemic mouse models using permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion(pMCAO) on the left side. On postoperative day 1, the mice were randomly assigned to either enriched environment or standard housing condition groups. Mice in the standard housing condition group were housed and fed under standard conditions. Mice in the enriched environment group were housed in a large cage, containing various toys, and fed with a standard diet. Sham-operated mice received the same procedure, but without artery occlusion, and were housed and fed under standard conditions. On postoperative days 7 and 14, a beam-walking test was used to assess coordination, balance, and spatial learning. On postoperative days 16–20, a Morris water maze test was used to assess spatial learning and memory. On postoperative day 15, the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF proteins in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex were analyzed by western blot assay. The results showed that compared with the standard housing condition group, the motor balance and coordination functions(based on beam-walking test scores 7 and 14 days after operation), spatial learning abilities(based on the spatial learning scores from the Morris water maze test 16–19 days after operation), and memory abilities(based on the memory scores of the Morris water maze test 20 days after operation) of the enriched environment group improved significantly. In addition, the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF proteins in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex increased in the enriched environment group compared with those in the standard housing condition group. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that neurobehavioral functions were positively associated with the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF(r = 0.587 and r = 0.840, respectively). These findings suggest that an enriched environment upregulates FDNC5 protein expression in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex after cerebral ischemia, which then activates BDNF protein expression, improving neurological function. BDNF protein expression was positively correlated with improved neurological function. The experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Fudan University, China(approval Nos. 20160858 A232, 20160860 A234) on February 24, 2016.
文摘目的探讨富含亮氨酸重复序列/Ⅲ型纤维连接蛋白4(leucine-rich repeat and fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 4,LRFN4)在胃癌组织中的表达情况,并分析LRFN4表达水平与胃癌患者临床病理参数和预后的关系。方法收集2017年1月至12月于中山大学附属第一医院胃肠外科中心确诊并行手术治疗的胃癌患者组织标本8对(包含胃癌组织和癌旁正常组织),并选取2004年1月至2005年12月在同一中心行手术治疗的117例胃癌患者的术后组织标本制成胃癌组织芯片。分析LRFN4在癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome atlas,TCGA)数据库胃癌数据集中的表达情况,应用蛋白质印迹法及实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测LRFN4在8对新鲜胃癌组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达,应用免疫组织化学检测LRFN4在胃癌组织芯片中的表达。分析不同LRFN4表达水平的胃癌患者其临床病理参数的差异。应用Kaplan-Meier法分析不同LRFN4表达水平的胃癌患者的预后情况。应用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析法分析胃癌患者预后的影响因素。结果LRFN4在TCGA数据库胃癌数据集的胃癌组织以及新鲜胃癌组织中呈高表达状态。LRFN4高表达的患者,表现出更大的肿瘤大小以及更为进展的T分期、N分期、M分期和TNM分期(均P<0.05),其预后也较差(P<0.001)。单因素和多因素Cox回归分析提示LRFN4在胃癌组织中的高表达是影响胃癌患者预后的独立危险因素(HR=3.898,95%CI 2.273~6.686,P<0.001)。结论胃癌组织中LRFN4高表达与患者较差的预后相关,可能成为预测胃癌患者预后的生物标志物之一。
基金supported by Cure Alzheimer’s Fund (to RET and SHC)JPB Foundation (to RET),and R56AG072054 (to SHC)。
文摘Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. Studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective functions against Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, by improving cognitive function and reducing amyloid-β and tau pathologies as well as neuroinflammation in cell culture or animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Although current and ongoing studies on irisin/FNDC5 show promising results, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify its potential as a meaningful therapeutic target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. We recently found that irisin treatment reduces amyloid-β pathology by increasing the activity/levels of amyloid-β-degrading enzyme neprilysin secreted from astrocytes. Herein, we present an overview of irisin/FNDC5's protective roles and mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease.
