Nonequilibrium statistical theory of fracture is a theory of fracture that macromechanical quantities can be derived from the microscopic atomic mechanism of microcrack(or microvoid)evolution kinetcs by means of noneq...Nonequilibrium statistical theory of fracture is a theory of fracture that macromechanical quantities can be derived from the microscopic atomic mechanism of microcrack(or microvoid)evolution kinetcs by means of nonequilibrium statistical physical concepts and methods. The microcrack evolution equation is the central equation in the theory.The coefficents of the equation, the microcrack growth rate and the microcrack nucleation rate,come from microscopic atomic mechanism.The solution of the equation connects with macromechanical quantities by the model of the weakest chain. All the other formulas and quantities, for instance, distribution function,fracture probability, reliability, failure rate and macromechanical quantities such as strength, toughness, life etc. and their statistical distribution function and statistical fluctuation are derived in a unified fashion and expressed by a few physical parameters. This theory can be widely applied to various kinds of fracture, such as the brittle, fatigue, delayed and environmental fracture of metals and structural ceramics. The theoretical framework of this theory is given in this paper.展开更多
针对Bentley平台的三维建模基础软件Microstation无法进行桥梁结构参数化建模配筋及钢筋工程量统计问题,利用MICROSTATION SDK软件开发工具、WPF界面、选用主流开发语言C#,辅以C++/CLI,以Vi⁃sual Studio 2019为开发平台,进行二次开发。...针对Bentley平台的三维建模基础软件Microstation无法进行桥梁结构参数化建模配筋及钢筋工程量统计问题,利用MICROSTATION SDK软件开发工具、WPF界面、选用主流开发语言C#,辅以C++/CLI,以Vi⁃sual Studio 2019为开发平台,进行二次开发。开发出了适用于该类桥梁的快速配筋插件以及钢筋工程量统计插件。以某桥梁工程中的30 m长等截面预制箱梁为例,应用箱梁建模配筋及工程量统计插件程序,高效准确地完成了30 m长等截面预制箱梁的三维建模配筋及钢筋工程量统计,验证了该二次开发建模及配筋插件程序的可用性和高效性,大大提高了设计人员的配筋及工作效率。展开更多
准确、快速地统计苗木数量对苗圃的运营和管理具有重要意义,是提高苗圃运营和管理水平的有效方式。为快速准确统计完整地块内苗木数量,该研究选取云杉为研究对象,以无人机航拍完整地块云杉视频为数据源,提出一种基于YOLOv3(You Only Loo...准确、快速地统计苗木数量对苗圃的运营和管理具有重要意义,是提高苗圃运营和管理水平的有效方式。为快速准确统计完整地块内苗木数量,该研究选取云杉为研究对象,以无人机航拍完整地块云杉视频为数据源,提出一种基于YOLOv3(You Only Look Once v3,YOLOv3)和SORT(Simple Online and Realtime Tracking,SORT)的云杉数量统计方法。主要内容包括数据采集、YOLOv3检测模型构建、SORT跟踪算法和越线计数算法设计。以平均计数准确率(Mean Counting Accuracy,MCA)、平均绝对误差(Mean Absolute Error,MAE)、均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)和帧率(Frame Rate,FR)为评价指标,该方法对测试集中对应6个不同试验地块的视频内云杉进行数量统计的平均计数准确率MCA为92.30%,平均绝对误差MAE为72,均方根误差RMSE为98.85,帧率FR 11.5帧/s。试验结果表明该方法能够快速准确统计完整地块的云杉数量。相比SSD+SORT算法,该方法在4项评价指标中优势显著,平均计数准确率MCA高12.36个百分点,帧率FR高7.8帧/s,平均绝对误差MAE和均方根误差RMSE分别降低125.83和173.78。对比Faster R-CNN+SORT算法,该方法在保证准确率的基础上更加快速,平均计数准确率MCA仅降低1.33个百分点,但帧率FR提高了10.1帧/s。该研究从无人机航拍视频的角度为解决完整地块的苗木数量统计问题做出了有效探索。展开更多
文摘Nonequilibrium statistical theory of fracture is a theory of fracture that macromechanical quantities can be derived from the microscopic atomic mechanism of microcrack(or microvoid)evolution kinetcs by means of nonequilibrium statistical physical concepts and methods. The microcrack evolution equation is the central equation in the theory.The coefficents of the equation, the microcrack growth rate and the microcrack nucleation rate,come from microscopic atomic mechanism.The solution of the equation connects with macromechanical quantities by the model of the weakest chain. All the other formulas and quantities, for instance, distribution function,fracture probability, reliability, failure rate and macromechanical quantities such as strength, toughness, life etc. and their statistical distribution function and statistical fluctuation are derived in a unified fashion and expressed by a few physical parameters. This theory can be widely applied to various kinds of fracture, such as the brittle, fatigue, delayed and environmental fracture of metals and structural ceramics. The theoretical framework of this theory is given in this paper.
文摘准确、快速地统计苗木数量对苗圃的运营和管理具有重要意义,是提高苗圃运营和管理水平的有效方式。为快速准确统计完整地块内苗木数量,该研究选取云杉为研究对象,以无人机航拍完整地块云杉视频为数据源,提出一种基于YOLOv3(You Only Look Once v3,YOLOv3)和SORT(Simple Online and Realtime Tracking,SORT)的云杉数量统计方法。主要内容包括数据采集、YOLOv3检测模型构建、SORT跟踪算法和越线计数算法设计。以平均计数准确率(Mean Counting Accuracy,MCA)、平均绝对误差(Mean Absolute Error,MAE)、均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)和帧率(Frame Rate,FR)为评价指标,该方法对测试集中对应6个不同试验地块的视频内云杉进行数量统计的平均计数准确率MCA为92.30%,平均绝对误差MAE为72,均方根误差RMSE为98.85,帧率FR 11.5帧/s。试验结果表明该方法能够快速准确统计完整地块的云杉数量。相比SSD+SORT算法,该方法在4项评价指标中优势显著,平均计数准确率MCA高12.36个百分点,帧率FR高7.8帧/s,平均绝对误差MAE和均方根误差RMSE分别降低125.83和173.78。对比Faster R-CNN+SORT算法,该方法在保证准确率的基础上更加快速,平均计数准确率MCA仅降低1.33个百分点,但帧率FR提高了10.1帧/s。该研究从无人机航拍视频的角度为解决完整地块的苗木数量统计问题做出了有效探索。
