Perspectives in human brain plasticity sparked by glioma invasion:from intraoperative(re)mappings to neural reconfigurations

Exploring the aptitude of the human brain to compensate functional consequences of a lesion damaging its structural architecture is a key challenge to improve patient care in various neurological diseases,to optimize neuroscientifically-informed strategies of postlesional rehabilitation,and ultimately to develop innovative neuro-regenerative therapies.The term‘plasticity’,initially referring to the intrinsic propensity of neurons to modulate their synaptic transmission in a learning situation,was progressively transposed to brain injury research and clinical neurosciences.Indeed,in the event of brain damage,adaptive mechanisms of compensation allow a partial reshaping of the structure and activities of the central nervous system,thus permitting to some extent the maintenance of brain functions.

Erratum to:Vibration analysis of a gear-rotor-bearing system with outer-ring spalling and misalignment

Because of an unfortunate mistake during the production of this article,Figure 13 was wrongly inserted.The corrected Figure 13 is shown as follows.

Erratum to:Regulation of different light conditions for efficient biomass production and protein accumulation of Spirulina platensis

In this article,the legend for Fig.3 f&g was inadvertently mislabeled.The figure below shows the wrong one.The figure should have appeared as shown below.

Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical neuroepithelium.One such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in mice.The cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)proteins.The cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

Regeneration mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular junctions in aging and diseases

The neuromuscular junction(NMJ)is an essential synaptic structure composed of motor neurons,skeletal muscles,and glial cells that orchestrate the critical process of muscle contraction(Li et al.,2018).The typical NMJ structure is classically described as having a“pretzel-like”shape in mice(Figure 1),whereas human NMJs have a smaller,fragmented structure throughout adulthood.Degenerated NMJs exhibit smaller or fragmented endplates,partial denervation,reduced numbers of synaptic vesicles,abnormal presynaptic mitochondria,and dysfunctional perisynaptic Schwann cells(Alhindi et al.,2022).

Impact of letters to the editor and publications in 2023

A letter to the editor constitutes a short communication addressing a range of topics pertinent to the readership of a journal(Dkhar,2018).This format offers several benefits,such as timeliness,accessibility,innovation,and conciseness,thereby serving as an effective means to disseminate cuttingedge scientific ideas.Over the past five years,there has been a considerable increase in the number of letters published,representing the highest growth rate(approximately 20%)observed in the last three decades(Figure 1A).In the field of academic publishing,letters to the editor are typically more concise than typical research papers.

Lactate is a potentially harmful substitute for brain glucose fuel:consequences for metabolic restoration of neurotransmission

The metabolite lactate (L-lactate) can be generated and released by diverse brain cells,including neurons,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes (Kann,2023;Rae et al.,2024).Lactate production usually requires the degradation of glucose (D-glucose)-and glycogen in astrocytes-to pyruvate by glycolysis and subsequent conversion of pyruvate to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase(Figure 1A;Dienel,2019;Rae et al.,2024).

From the dust:extracellular vesicles as regulators of development and neuroregeneration

First impressions can have a lasting impact.In science,this can be especially problematic,because our lack of understanding often causes us to mislabel and thus ignore important biological processes.In this vein,extracellular vesicles(EVs)were once considered to be“cellular dust”.Similar to the previous concept of“junk DNA”to describe protein non-coding regions,EVs are far more than just cellular dust.In fact,EVs are emerging as key mediators of intracellular communication across nearly all biological systems.This includes peripheral immune responses(e.g.,arthropathies and sepsis),intra-organ communication(Seim et al.,2023),and a host of other physiological and pathological states(Figure 1A and B).

Notice of Retraction

Retraction:Regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 influences hippocampal neuronal survival in a rat model of diabetic cerebral ischemia.https://doi.org/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00178.Following publication of the article entitled“Regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 influences hippocampal neuronal survival in a rat model of diabetic cerebral ischemia”(Zhao et al.,2014b;doi:10.4103/1673-5374.131581),concerns were raised to Neural Regeneration Research that Figure 1B and D in the paper by Zhao et al.(2014b)were identical to Figure 1D and E in the paper published in Molecular Medicine Reports(Zhao et al.,2016).

基于STM32的简易数字逻辑分析仪设计与研究

文章以电子设计大赛简易数字信号分析装置为背景,给出了该系统的整体设计方案及具体软硬件设计。重点论述项目中信号的产生、信号的检测与分析、时间标志线功能等内容。最后基于设计方案完成了实物制作与相关实验,通过实验验证了本项目设计的合理与有效性。

Requirements for Submissions

Manuscripts must generally be prepared according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.Formatting instructions for tables,figures,references,metrics,and abstracts appear in the APA Manual.Guidance on APA Style is available on the APA Style website(http://www.apastyle.org/learn/tutorials/basics-tutorial.aspx).

Hericium erinaceus: the enchanting medicinal-culinary mushroom of East Asian tradition

Hericium mushrooms,a type of fungi imbued with mystical connotations in traditional East Asian diet and medicine,hold a prestigious position as the foremost among the“eight treasures of the mountain”in China,earning them the moniker“mountain delicacies and marine flavors.”As traditional medicinal fungi,Hericium mushrooms are renowned for their brain-boosting and cognitive-enhancing properties.Hericium erinaceus(H.erinaceus)is the leading variety of Hericium mushrooms and has been cultivated on a large scale.In addition,some new species such as the Hericium coralloides,Hericium alpestre,and Hericium rajendrae have been progressively discovered and documented[1,2].The recent pursuit of health and nutrition has propelled this nutrient-rich and bioactive mushroom into the limelight.This article explores the traditional uses of Hericium mushrooms,the chemical structures and biological activities of their secondary metabolites,as well as the pivotal role of omics technologies in this field(Figure 1).

Artificial intelligence for disease diagnostics still has a long way to go

Artificial intelligence(AI)can sometimes resolve difficulties that other advanced technologies and humans cannot.In medical diagnostics,AI has the advantage of processing figure recognition,especially for images with similar characteristics that are difficult to distinguish with the naked eye.However,the mechanisms of this advanced technique should be well-addressed to elucidate clinical issues.In this letter,regarding an original study presented by Takayama et al,we suggest that the authors should effectively illustrate the mechanism and detailed procedure that artificial intelligence techniques processing the acquired images,including the recognition of non-obvious difference between the normal parts and pathological ones,which were impossible to be distinguished by naked eyes,such as the basic constitutional elements of pixels and grayscale,special molecules or even some metal ions which involved into the diseases occurrence.

Int’l expo provides greater stage for global businesses

The fourth China International Consumer Products Expo,which was held from April 13 to 18,broke records for scale,as well as for numbers of new products,visitors and exhibited brands.A total of 4,019 brands from 71 countries and regions were presented at this year’s six-day expo in Haikou,the capital of south China’s Hainan Province,with those figures respectively increasing by 19 percent and 9 percent from last year,according to organizers.

Investigating the Potential of Quasi-One-Dimensional Organic Crystals of TTT(TCNQ)2 for Thermoelectric Applications

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of investigations on quasi-one-dimensional organic crystals of tetrathiotetracene-tetracyanoquinodi- methane (TTT(TCNQ)2) from the prospective of thermoelectric applications. The calculations were performed after analytical expressions, obtained in the frame of a physical model, more detailed than the model presented earlier by authors. The main Hamiltonian of the model includes the electronic and phonon part, electron-phonon interactions and the impurity scattering term. In order to estimate the electric charge transport between the molecular chains, the physical model was upgraded to the so-called three-dimen- sional (3D) physical model. Numeric computations were performed to determine the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, thermoelectric power factor and thermoelectric figure-of-merit as a function on charge carrier concentrations, temperatures and impurity concentrations. A detailed analysis of charge-lattice interaction, consisting of the exploration of the Peierls structural transition in TCNQ molecular chains of TTT(TCNQ)2 was performed. As result, the critical transition temperature was determined. The dispersion of renormalized phonons was examined in detail.

Design of a Low Power Low-Noise Amplifier with Improved Gain/Noise Ratio

This work details the development of a broad-spectrum LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) circuit using a 65 nm CMOS technology. The design incorporates an inductive degeneracy circuit, employing a theoretical approach to enhance gain, minimize noise levels, and uphold low power consumption. The progression includes a shift to a cascode structure to further refine LNA parameters. Ultimately, with a 1.8 V bias, the achieved performance showcases a gain-to-noise figure ratio of 16 dB/0.5 dB, an IIP3 linearity at 5.1 dBm, and a power consumption of 3 mW. This architecture is adept at operating across a wide frequency band spanning from 0.5 GHz to 6 GHz, rendering it applicable in diverse RF scenarios.

The effect of pH on stability and thermal performance of graphene oxide and copper oxide hybrid nanofluids for heat transfer applications:Application of novel machine learning technique

This paper investigates the effects of pH on stability and thermal properties of copper oxide(CuO),graphene oxide(GO),and their hybrid nanofluid(HNF)at different mixing ratios.Initially,sol-gel and Hummer’s method was employed for the synthesis of CuO and GO nanoparticles(NPs),and they are characterized with various techniques.The effects of two different surfactants were analyzed on nanofluid’s(NF’s)stability at different pH values.The properties like thermal conductivity(TC)and viscosity(VST)of NFs were measured at different volume concentration(0.1 vol%to 1.0 vol%)and temperature range of 30-60℃,respectively.The TC and VST of GO/CuO(50:50)HNF are higher than that of GO/CuO(20:80).The figure of merit(FOM)is determined for the studied HNFs.The correlations were presented to calculate the TC as well as VST of HNFs.Two modern novel machine learning-based ensemble approaches were employed for predictive model development for TC and VST of considered HNFs.The comparison of prognostic models with Taylor’s diagram revealed that Bayesian optimized support vector machine(BoASVM)was superior to Bayesian optimized boosted regression trees(BoA-BRT)for both TC and VST models.

Erratum to Intercellular transmission of cGAS-STING signaling in cancer

There are errors in Figure 1D1 on page 94.Specifically,RAB22A-induced autophagosomes were inadvertently marked in Figure 1D.We have revised Figure 1 to correct the errors.Of note,the errors do not impact the conclusion of this article.We apologize for the errors and for any resulting confusion.

Corrigendum to Patterns of floristic inventory and plant collections in Myanmar[Plant Divers.45(3)(2023)302-308]

1.Figure 2:Repeat title-Incorrect title:(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests,(2)Eastern Himalayan Alpine Shrub And Meadows.

Design of multilayer cellular neural network based on memristor crossbar and its application to edge detection

Memristor with memory properties can be applied to connection points(synapses)between cells in a cellular neural network(CNN).This paper highlights memristor crossbar-based multilayer CNN(MCM-CNN)and its application to edge detection.An MCM-CNN is designed by adopting a memristor crossbar composed of a pair of memristors.MCM-CNN based on the memristor crossbar with changeable weight is suitable for edge detection of a binary image and a color image considering its characteristics of programmablization and compactation.Figure of merit(FOM)is introduced to evaluate the proposed structure and several traditional edge detection operators for edge detection results.Experiment results show that the FOM of MCM-CNN is three times more than that of the traditional edge detection operators.