Synergistic dance of digital economy and green finance on carbon emissions:Insights from China

China has recently implemented a dual-carbon strategy to combat climate change and other environmental issues and is committed to modernizing it sustainably.This paper supports these goals and explores how the digital economy and green finance intersect and impact carbon emissions.Using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces over the period 2011-2021,this paper finds that the digital economy and green finance can together reduce carbon emissions,and conducts several robustness tests supporting this conclusion.A heterogeneity analysis shows that these synergistic effects are more important in regions with low levels of social consumption Meanwhile,in the spatial dimension,the synergistic effect of the local digital economy and green finance adversely impacts the level of carbon emissions in surrounding areas.The findings of this paper provide insights for policymakers in guiding capital flow and implementing carbon-reduction policies while fostering the growth of China’s digital economy and environmental sustainability.

Green Finance Promotes High-Quality Development of Regional Economy

With the rapid development of the social economy,the role of green finance in promoting the high-quality development of regional economies is increasing day by day.The advancement of green finance not only aids in fostering the green transformation and upgrading of regional economies but also helps mitigate the risks of environmental damage stemming from traditional economic activities.In this new era,it is imperative to embrace the concept of green finance development and innovate green finance practices to further drive high-quality regional economic development.This paper will analyze the significance of green finance in regional economic development,assess the current state of green finance development,and propose optimization strategies for green finance to facilitate high-quality economic development.

The Logic of Digital Finance in the Age of Digital Economy

This paper explores the development logic,trends,and challenges of digital finance in the era of the digital economy.As a crucial component of the digital economy,digital finance has completely transformed the traditional financial services model through factors such as technological innovation,data intelligence,and personalized user experiences,paving the way for new business models and market opportunities.However,the rapid development of digital finance also faces challenges such as competition,security,and regulation.This paper emphasizes the importance of finding a balance between innovation and security in the development of digital finance and discusses the potential of digital finance in promoting financial inclusion and sustainable development.Through comprehensive analysis,this paper aims to provide valuable insights for academic researchers and industry practitioners,promoting the healthy development of digital finance.

The Impact of Development of Rural Finance in Jiangxi Province on the Agricultural Economy and Farmers’ Income

Based on the rural economic data pertaining to the development of rural finance, the growth of agricultural economy and farmers' income in Jiangxi Province during the period 1990-2009, we conduct empirical research on the impact of development of rural finance on the growth of agricultural economy and farmers' income, using the ADF test method, the Granger causality test, and regression analysis. The results show that the development of rural finance in Jiangxi Province has a significant positive effect on the growth of rural economy and farmers' income. When the ending balance of agricultural loans increases by 1 unit, the agricultural added value will increase by 0.367 1 units; when the ending balance of agricultural loans increases by 1 unit, farmers' income will increase by 0.597 5 units, indicating that the development of rural finance plays a significant role in promoting the per capita net income of farmers.Finally we propose to increase agricultural credit efforts in the financial institutions, establish and improve the agricultural credit management system.

Research on the Spatial Influence of Digital Inclusive Finance on the High-quality Development of Private Economy

This paper selects China's provincial panel data from 2011 to 2020,uses the entropy method to calculate the high-quality development index of the private economy,and studies the spatial impact of digital inclusive finance on the high-quality development of the private economy based on the SDM model.The results show that:digital inclusive finance development has a positive effect on the high-quality development of the private economy in various provinces and cities,while it has a negative inhibitory effect on the high-quality development of the private economy in neighboring provinces and cities.In terms of spatial heterogeneity,digital inclusive finance in North China,East China,and Central and South China has a significant role in promoting the high-quality development of the private economy.The effect of North China,East China,and Central South is decreasing in order,while digital inclusive finance in Northwest China has a significant effect on the private economy.High-quality development has a negative effect.This paper provides empirical evidence and policy directions for the high-quality development of private enterprises in the context of the digital economy in the new era.

An Analysis of Digital Finance in Promoting the Development of New Quality Productivity

As a product of the deep integration of financial technology and the digital economy,digital finance plays a significant role in promoting the development of new quality productivity.This paper first elaborates on the connotations of new quality productivity and digital finance and analyzes the mechanisms by which digital finance promotes the development of new quality productivity from both theoretical and practical perspectives.The aim is to explore the value digital finance brings to the development of new quality productivity,along with the challenges it faces,in order to propose corresponding policy recommendations.

How does financial literacy impact on inclusive finance?

Inclusive finance is a core concept of finance that makes various financial products and services accessible and affordable to all individuals and businesses,especially those excluded from the formal financial system.One of the leading forces affecting people’s ability to access financial services in rural areas is financial literacy.This study investigated the impacts of financial knowledge on financial access through banking,microfinance,and fintech access using the Bangladesh rural population data.We employed three econometrics models:logistic regression,probit regression,and complementary log–log regression to examine whether financial literacy significantly affects removing the barriers that prevent people from participating and using financial services to improve their lives.The empirical findings showed that knowledge regarding various financial services factors had significant impacts on getting financial access.Some variables such as profession,income level,knowledge regarding depositing and withdrawing money,and knowledge regarding interest rate highly affected the overall access to finance.The study’s results provide valuable recommendations for the policymaker to improve financial inclusion in the developing country context.A comprehensive and long-term education program should be delivered broadly to the rural population to make a big stride in financial inclusion,a key driver of poverty reduction and prosperity boosting.

Digital Economy, Financial Inclusion and Inclusive Growth

This paper represents an early attempt to investigate whether digital finance driven by the internet revolution helps promote inclusive growth in China.We match the Index of Digital Financial Inclusion,which measures digital finance development in China,with data of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),which provide representative household survey data in China.Firstly,based on sub-sample empirical analysis,we find that digital finance has helped increase household income,especially rural household income,in China.Thus,digital finance is conducive to inclusive growth in China by narrowing regional and urban-rural gaps.Secondly,we examine how digital finance spurs inclusive growth in China by bringing rural households equal access to entrepreneurship opportunities.Lastly,we uncover how digital finance interacts with physical capital and social capital in promoting entrepreneurship,concluding that households with less physical or social capital had bene fited more,which is also conducive to inclusive growth.

Digital finance and renewable energy consumption:evidence from China

While digital finance and renewable energy consumption(REC)are two timely issues,it remains unclear whether the former affects the latter,especially in developing economies.This paper examines the impact of digital finance on China’s REC between 2011 and 2018 and explores the underlying mechanisms.Results show that digital finance,along with its coverage breadth and usage depth,significantly improved REC in China and that digital finance in the area of credit has had the most significant impact.Additionally,the results show that loan scale and income level are the main mediation variables,through which digital finance affects REC.The findings also suggest that economic growth and technological progress have increased REC in China,while carbon dioxide emissions have had no meaningful effect on this consumption.The results further indicate that policymakers must pay close attention to the role of digital finance when formulating policies on REC.To promote REC and environmental sustainability,developing economies like China should strengthen the breadth and depth of digital finance development,focus on the influence channels of digital finance,and promote economic growth and technological progress.

Environmental Capital,Negative Externality and Carbon Finance Innovation

In the context of global climate change,the internalization of negative externality,which is brought about by the traditional mode of economic growth,has become an inevitable choice.In order to achieve the internalization,it is necessary to make innovations on the market mechanism and system,find the value of environmental capital,establish a new mode of economic growth based on environmental capital,and then transform the environmental capital,an exogenous factor of economic growth,into an endogenous factor.Of this,the key of market mechanism and system innovation is the financial innovation that is based on environmental capital and negative externality;the government defines the initial property right of environmental resources and establishes environment energy trading market,so as to guide enterprises to trade environmental resources(represented by carbon emission permit trading) based on the Clean Development Mechanism,and to vigorously develop environmental finance and carbon finance.

Public Finance Sources and Road Network Development in a Transition Country--Hungary （1990-2018）

This article reviews the history of the Hungarian public road network in the thirty years that has passed since the change of the political and economic regime up to the present from the aspect of financing. In the context of the neighboring countries that today are also members of the European Union, this writing outlines the growth-public finance course that this country, formerly belonging to the Soviet type planned economy mechanism, followed during the past nearly three decades after breaking away from that system. It provides insight into the specific public finance positions determined by the macroeconomic course since 1990 and the opportunities offered by this course for infrastructural developments. In connection with the above, the article outlines the main characteristic features of the social expectations, the financing solutions that could be linked to the various governmental concepts regarding road matters, focusing primarily on motorway development. It shall touch upon the respective starting points and life cycles of those concepts and the role of the EU supports in the developing of the domestic public road system. In light of expenditures, it is illustrating the development by some servicing indicators.

200 YEARS AFTER AUGUST BOECKH’S THE PUBLIC ECONOMY OF ATHENS:PERSPECTIVES OF ECONOMIC HISTORY FOR THE 21ST CENTURY

The introduction to the papers resulting from a conference at the Zentrum für Inter-disziplinäre Forschung(Center for Interdisciplinary Studies)of the University of Bielefeld(6–8 September 2017)deals with the epoch-making work of August Boeckh on the public finances and economy of ancient Athens,which was published in 1817,and the undergoing review and update by scholars from different disciplines.The papers published here are the first results and a step towards a new public economy of Athens that has still to be written.

Study on Development Status of China Carbon Finance Market,International Experience and Countermeasures

With continuous enhancement of commodity attribute of carbon dioxide emission right and day-by-day maturity of market,trading scales of spot and futures surrounding " carbon emission" which is emerging valuable commodity are getting larger. The development and perfection of carbon finance market has become an important realistic subject under low-carbon economy background. China's carbon finance market is still immature,and lacks the relevant law and government supports and mature intermediary agency; the construction of carbon trading platform is imperfect; it lacks carbon finance products and understanding on carbon finance. To better develop China's carbon finance market,development statuses of carbon finance markets at home and abroad are contrasted from three aspects: legal environment of carbon finance,trading condition of carbon finance and carbon finance business of financial institution,and their difference is analyzed. By referring to foreign development experience,the relevant policy measures of promoting and perfecting carbon finance market in China are proposed.

Financial Support for Rural Cooperative Economy in China Based on Grey Correlation Analysis

This paper firstly analyzed current situations of financial support for rural cooperative economy in China and tested the correlation between rural finance and rural cooperative economy using the grey correlation analysis method. Results indicate that there is a close relationship between amount,structure and efficiency of rural finance and development of rural cooperative economy. The amount of rural finance has the largest promotion function to development of rural cooperative economy,the next is rural finance structure,and the least is efficiency of rural finance. Based on research conclusions,it came up with pertinent policy recommendations.

Innovation and Development Strategies of Investment and Financing Modes for Circular Economy

Circular economy adapts to large-scale production, has higher requirement on technical level, and possesses positive externality. There- fore, circular economy requires a lot of financial support. Facing investment and financing problems of circular economy by enterprise, the govern- ment should strengthen the regulatory role, increase investment support on circular economy, strengthen the bank＇s green credit business, reduce barriers to business loans, diversify financing channels for enterprises, guide social investment＇s flow direction, and promote circular economy form- ing larger scale, thereby providing policy support for building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.

Mechanism Research on Standardized Development of Rural Private Finance

In generalizing the researching conditions of researchers on private finance,the paper introduces the connoted meaning of rural private finance broadly and narrowly.The paper states the forms of rural private finance(including private loaning,private bank,rural private collecting,financing organizations,cooperatives,NGO,small loaning organizations and so on),the relations between rural private finance and rural economic relations,pointing out that it is the combination of the strong and the weak,which may generate benefits with the operation of marketing mechanisms.The paper analyzes the historical causes,supervision causes and cultural causes of rural private finance,discussing mechanisms of standardized development of rural private finance:firstly,standardize the organization management mechanisms,including scaled controlling mechanisms and bank management mechanisms;secondly,complete finance supervision mechanisms;thirdly,moderate government intervention,including affording liberal policy environment and reducing the improper intervention;fourthly,upgrading qualities mechanisms,including cultivating the rural credit culture and improving the quality of regulatory personnel.

Future Prospects for Funding Strategies in Palestinian National Economy

On the international levels, funding has a wide importance in the sense that it is vehemently regarded as something that attracts both the developed countries and the developing countries. This is considered as the focal point of economy and economic activities. This is because of the fact that any economy can not continue without funding. This leads to a great care by institutions and governments as well as any social, political, and economic activity. The funding policy is regarded as one of the most important and active methods in having and preparing strategies that aim at having total control on private and public f＇mancial resources throughout financial activities to refresh the Palestinian economy. Due to the sensitivity of the current conditions, funding has a very important position and role. The deprivation stages the Palestirtian people have witnessed led to lack of Palestinian rights to build national institutions and bodies that are able to adopt social and economic policies that aim at having development as well as enabling the Palestinian entire society members to face both internal and external challenges and vice versa. There is vacuum of having an independent Palestinian state after 1967. There is a strict political s~,stem of lawful individuals and political domination, imposing by an Israeli military occupation to control and rule, controlling all Palestinian life to destroy the Palestinian economy and to distort the system without any lawful and constitutional independence. During the occupation period, the Palestinians lived under a lawful and managerial military power that destroys productivity paving the way to expel Palestinians out of their home which did not enable Palestinians to have their own social policies. The Palestinian national authority, ever since its rule, started to have a rehabilitation of its economic policies within a strategic plan that ensures economic development, stability, and geographical continuation amongst Palestinian resources control in a way that supports the Palestinian economy. That builds Palestinian policies to have economic development and improvement of general performance to develop, complete, and unify law and constitution. This also aims at Palestinian society development in terms of economy giving future hopes for Palestinians to have international development projects in the sense that any Palestinian strategy quickly faces lack of fund and therefore consequently everything is put to an end. The possibility of this study is to strengthen and stimulat the direct foreign investment as an alternative of the internal funding. Moreover, this study will investigate how to achieve an increase efficiency of investment and the national funding resources that generate income. The study＇s methodology is, descriptive analytical approach which has been applied because it matches the nature of this study. To answer study questions ＂What is the funding strategy followed by the Palestinian authority to develop the national economy？＂, confirmation is made that there are no funding strategies applied by the Palestinian authority to create funding mechanisms for development of national economy. This is not helpful for the national economy.

Finance Sector in Eurasian Economies During and After the Global Crisis in 2008

As in the other countries around the world, banking systems in Eurasian economies, comprised of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, were adversely affected by the 2008 global crisis. A common challenge across most economies is to revive private-sector credit growth. Compared with the high increases of 80 percent in the period immediately prior to the crisis, credit growth has slowed sharply and even turned negative in real terms in a number of economies. Governments in many countries have taken measures to address banking sector stress. The measures for restoring credit growth and thus a high economic growth will be discussed in a part of our work. In the short run, such measures include aiding banks to repair balance sheets and also providing liquidity. In the medium term, measures should promote de-dollarization and the development of local debt markets.

Effects of Contractual Savings Scheme on Slovak National Economy

Abstract： Contractual savings scheme is specific purpose saving, which was provided in Slovakia since 1993. It is a state-supported saving, the purpose of which is to finance housing needs in the Slovak Republic. Savers can be an individual, association of owners or legal person who enters into a contract with building society or for whom the contract about contractual savings scheme is concluded. State bonuses is contractual savings scheme, a significantly more attractive form of targeted saving. This ensures the supply of investment in the construction sector, which in turn through multiplier effect significantly affects other sectors of the national economy. In this article, the authors deal with the influence of contractual savings scheme to the national economy of the Slovak Republic. The main objective of this study is describing the effectiveness of state bonuses for contractual savings scheme. It is simulated through the impact of contractual savings scheme on employment, on public funds and impact on public finances. This effect is illustrated on a model of state subsidizing of each one Euro spent through the state bonuses for contractual savings scheme and its impact for the national economy with offsetting the significant role of the multiplier effect.

High-quality Development Path of Henan Agriculture and Rural Areas Empowered by Digital Inclusive Finance

By studying high-quality development process of Henan agriculture and rural areas empowered by digital inclusive finance,it is found that the construction of digital financial infrastructure in Henan Province is relatively complete,and the level of deposit and loan of rural enterprises and farmers is constantly improving,and the market and government are constantly upgrading the financial risk insurance compensation mechanism.At the same time,there are also problems such as insufficient demand and supply of digital finance,single digital financial products,and weak market supervision.Based on this,some implementation paths are proposed,such as continuing to strengthen the construction of rural financial infrastructure in Henan Province,improving farmers’financial literacy,and enriching digital financial products and services.The government should continue to improve the construction of market system,and broaden the market supervision and management,to actively promote the digitalization of agricultural finance to enable the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas in Henan Province.