Research on the Impact of BYD Group’s Green Innovation on Corporate Financial Performance under the Background of“Dual Carbon”

With the increasingly severe global climate change problem,the“dual carbon”goals(peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality)have become a common focus of international attention.The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly emphasizes the need to accelerate the green transformation of development models,implement comprehensive strategies for frugal development,support the growth of green and low-carbon industries,and promote the concept of green consumption.At the same time,“Made in China 2025”also elaborates on the strategic concept of innovation-driven and green development centered,and strives for breakthroughs in key industries such as new energy vehicles.In such a macro environment,adopting green innovation measures by enterprises not only contributes to ecological protection but also has an undeniable impact on their economic performance and overall value.This article takes BYD Group as a case study to explore in detail the positive effects of green innovation on its economic performance.We first systematically organized and analyzed BYD’s specific practices in green innovation;Then,by examining three key financial indicators,BYD’s current financial situation was analyzed in depth;On this basis,combined with research data,the positive impact of green innovation on BYD’s financial performance was revealed;Finally,based on the analysis results,relevant suggestions are proposed to provide reference for the sustainable development of enterprises in the context of“dual carbon.”

The Influence of CSR Practices on Financial Performance： Evidence From Islamic Financial Institutions in Indonesia

The emergence of Islamic Financial Institutions （IFls） is expected to provide enormous benefits for the Muslims community in Indonesia such as the availability of IFIs based on Sharia law and the implementation of Islamic value in the community. Like Corporate Social Responsibility （CSR） practices in all business organizations, the IFI＇s CSR becomes one of the important factors in improving organizational performance. The implementation of CSR in IFIs is unique as it is based on Sharia law. Zakat and Qardh are the uniqueness of IFI＇s CSR practices. There are many studies which have investigated the relationship of Zakat and Qardh on organizational performance in Arabic and Muslim countries. As Muslim countries, Islamic laws including providing Zakat and Qardh are practices of every business organization. Indonesia is not a Muslim country, Zakat and Qardh are only required for IFIs as part of CSR practices. This study aims to analyze the influence of CSR practices on the financial performances of IFIs in Indonesia using gender as a control variable. The samples of this research were taken from the annual reports of nine Islamic banks for the period of 2010-2014. Regression method was used to analyze and test hypotheses. The results of this research indicate that the relationship between CSR practices and financial performance is significant, the value of R is 0.737, and R square is 0.543. This means that the implementation of CSR practices （Zakat and Qardh） improves organizational financial performances of IFIs in Indonesia. This study also has a limitation as it only focuses on Zakat and Qardh; thus in the future, it is necessary to advance the variable of CSR practices on the real social and environmental practices such as environmental improvement, increasing the quality of human resources, involving in any jobs or reducing unemployment and any other activities.

Could more innovation output bring better financial performance?The role of financial constraints

Innovation scholars highlight the economic benefits to firms,while research findings on the relationship between innovation output and economic returns remain mixed.In this study,we develop the profiting from innovation(PFI)framework and address the crucial role of financial constraints in the relationship between innovation output and financial performance.We argue that the liability of newness differentiates firms’financial performance during the commercialization of innovation,leading to a U-shaped relationship between firms’innovation output and financial performance.We further document the moderating impact of individual financial constraints(IFC)and market-based financial constraints(MFC)on this curvilinear relationship.Empirical tests based on the 142,972 firm-year observations of the multi-source dataset of Chinese manufacturing firms from 1999–2009 support our hypotheses.The additional analysis shows that non-state-owned enterprises and small and medium enterprises benefit more from the synergistic effect of reductions of IFC and MFC than state-owned enterprises and large firms.Our study enriches the literature of the PFI framework by uncovering the mechanism between innovation output and economic returns where financial constraints play an essential role.To the best of our knowledge,we are among the first to investigate the processes and mechanisms between innovation output and financial performance,generating novel insights for business practitioners and policymakers.

Executive Compensation and Corporate Financial Performance： Empirical Evidences on Brazilian Industrial Companies

This survey investigated the relationship between executive compensation and the financial performance of companies. It is hypothesized that a company can utilize its pay system to direct executives＇ efforts toward its strategic business objectives, thus contributing to higher levels of corporate financial performance. The survey data consisted of a secondary and non-probabilistic sample of 44 Brazilian industrial companies. In order to operationalize the independent remuneration variable, the authors used average monthly salary, average variable salary, and three indices that were created for this survey： benefits, career, and development. These indices measure the access to benefits, mechanisms for stimulating and supporting careers, and mechanisms to encourage education and professional development that companies offer to their directors, vice presidents, and chief executive officers （CEOs）, who are referred to in this paper by the term ＂executive＂. The remuneration data are from fiscal year 2006. In order to operationalize the financial performance variable, two accounting indicators were used： sales growth and return on equity （ROE） for fiscal years 2006 and 2007. The size of the companies was used as a control variable. The results of a multiple regression analysis do not support the hypothesis that there is a positive and significant relationship between executive compensation and corporate financial performance.

Impact of CEO attributes on corporate reputation,financial performance,and corporate sustainable growth:evidence from India

This article investigates the impact of CEO attributes on corporate reputation,financial performance,and corporate sustainable growth in India.Using static panel data methodology for a sample of NSE listed leading 138 non-financial companies over the time-frame 2011 to 2018,we find that CEO remuneration and tenure maintains significant positive associations with corporate reputation,while duality and CEO busyness are found to be associated with corporate reputation negatively.The results also show that female CEOs and CEO remuneration are associated with corporate financial performance positively,whereas CEO busyness,as expected,holds a significant negative relationship with corporate financial performance.Moreover,the results demonstrate that CEO age is associated with corporate sustainable growth negatively,while tenure appears to have a significant and positive association with corporate sustainable growth.The results are robust to various tests and suggest that in the Indian context,demographic and job-specific attributes of CEOs exert significant influence on corpo-rate reputation,financial performance,and corporate sustainable growth.The empirical findings would provide a basis for the shareholders and companies to identify areas of consideration when appointing CEOs and determining their roles and responsibilities.

Research on Financial Performance of State-owned Enterprise Mixed Ownership Reform

Mixed ownership is an important form of realization of China＇s economic system reform and development, and it is also the main direction of state-owned enterprise reform. In order to further promote the deepening of the reform of mixed ownership, this paper randomly selects 200 listed state-owned enterprises as research objects, and studies the trends of the financial performance of these enterprises from the mixed state-owned enterprises and non-mixed-modification enterprises in the five years from 2013 to 2017, and compares their various trends. Financial indicators, a comprehensive evaluation of the problems and causes in the reform of the mixed ownership system, and then propose countermeasures to further deepen the reform of mixed ownership based on the research conclusions.

Effect of School-Based Income Generating Activities on the Financial Performance of Public Secondary Schools in Kenya

This study was conducted to determine the value added by Income-Generating Activities （IGAs） on the financial performance of public secondary schools, in terms of assets, liability portfolio, and net worth. Secondary school managers have the gigantic task of balancing meager resources between subsistence and development needs as well as good performance in national examinations. However, macro-economic shocks such as inflation, fuel shortage, and crop failure, among others, often militate against the success of public schools. School-based IGAs enable public schools to cope with external economic shocks, without necessarily passing down budgetary adjustments to parents. However, the country lacks a clear policy guideline to facilitate the initiation, management, accounting, reviewing, and financial reporting of IGA projects. Besides, there is no documented information regarding the value added by IGA initiatives to the financial performance of public secondary schools. The study found that IGA and non-IGA schools were significantly different in terms of category, student population, age, annual income, and number of paid workers. Schools having IGAs were 1.9 times more likely to own as many assets as schools not having IGAs. Besides, IGA schools were about 2.2 times less likely to have their liability in excess of the median threshold. Regarding net worth, the study found that schools having IGAs were about 2.1 times more likely to be operating above the median threshold; suggesting that schools having IGAs were wealthier than non-IGA schools. Based on the findings, this study concludes that IGA projects were beneficial to schools by improving the ability of schools to accumulate assets and manage their liabilities. The study recommends the need to： formulate an appropriate policy framework to guide and standardize IGA activities; initiate suitable training programs for school IGA managers; as well as engage business development managers to advice schools on IGA matters.

Executive remuneration and financial performance in Brazilian companies

The objective of this study is to investigate the existence of a relationship between executive remuneration and financial performance in 28 Brazilian companies from the industrial sector. These companies have been selected among those companies elected as ＂The Best Companies to Work for in Brazil＂. In order to operationalize the remuneration variable, the authors use the monthly salary, the variable salary and three indexes--of benefits, career and professional development--which have been created especially for this survey. To measure financial performance, the authors use three accounting measures： sales growth, return on equity （ROE） and return on sales （ROS）. The results point the existence of a relationship between executive remuneration and financial performance.

Financial Effectiveness and Areas of Improvement in Greek Municipalities

The aim of this research is to separate the entire sample of Municipalities in Greece into categories, based on the effectiveness of financial management and financial performance into effective and ineffective ones. In this study, it investigated the existence of differences between the characteristics of these two categories. The main objective is to investigate the influence of financial effectiveness regarding those areas falling under state jurisdiction with the greatest room for improvement. Specifically, in Municipalities with ineffective financial management, local employment was notably considered to be the area with the greatest margin for improvement. Additionally, 21% of mayors of Municipalities with effective fmancial management consider that the state area of responsibility with the greatest capacity for improvement is that of attracting private investment. Moreover, the influence of financial effectiveness regarding the areas of competence of Greek Municipalities with the greatest room for improvement has a similar pattern. According to responses from mayors in Municipalities with ineffective fmancial administration, the areas of competence with the greatest room for improvement are provision and maintenance of infrastructure （23% of responses） and attraction of private investment （19% of responses）. Accordingly, responses from mayors in Municipalities with the highest financial performance indicate that the areas of competence with the greatest room for improvement are provision and maintenance of infrastructure （21% of responses） and attraction of private investment （20% of responses）.

Financial Effectiveness of Greek Municipalities： An Empirical Investigation

Municipalities are autonomous economic and administrative entities, with common actions and responsibilities. Moreover, all Municipalities are quite different considering specific characteristics, such as geographic, demographic, and economic. The aim of this research is to separate the entire sample of Municipalities in Greece into categories, based on the effectiveness of financial management and financial performance into effective and ineffective ones. For the separation of the sample into groups, cluster analysis was preferred. For this reason, three variables were used： the lending capacity of the Municipality, flexibility in making non-investment costs, and flexibility in investment spending. These three variables were considered to be the key dimensions of effectiveness in financial management and therefore their use, representatively describes the effectiveness of Greek Municipalities. Thus, this paper presents the literature review of the financial effectiveness of Municipalities and the methodology of an empirical research through structured questionnaire that was sent to the entire population of Greek Municipalities, characterized in this way with considerable heterogeneity. In this way, it investigates the views of Mayors in the two categories of Municipalities （effective and non effective financial management and financial performance） as regards： （a） the biggest problems faced by the citizens in their Municipality, and （b） the biggest personnel problems faced by their Municipality. Concluding, the prioritization of both problems seems to be the same for both groups of Municipalities. The frequency of responses differs slightly and differences are not so large that financial performance can be considered to affect respondents＇ opinions.

Separating Municipalities Regarding Their Financial Performance Evidence From Greece

Municipalities are autonomous economic and administrative entities, with common actions and responsibilities. Additionally, all Municipalities are quite different considering specific characteristics, such as geographic, demographic, and economic. The aim of this research is to separate the entire sample of Municipalities in Greece into categories, based on the effectiveness of financial management and financial performance into effective and ineffective ones. This investigation is substantial because it is very interesting in-depth observation of current situation of the financial management capabilities of Municipalities, and additionally because it is crucial to extract the differences in specific characteristics between economical efficient and inefficient Municipalities. For the separation of the sample into groups, cluster analysis was preferred. For this reason, three variables were used： the lending capacity of the municipality, flexibility in making non-investment costs, and flexibility in investment spending. These three variables were considered to be the key dimensions of effectiveness in financial management and therefore their use, representatively describes the effectiveness or not of Greek Municipalities. In this study, it investigated the existence of differences between the characteristics of these two categories. The features are ＂how Municipalities are working with specialist consultants＂ and ＂how Municipalities are using modem technologies＂. The main objective is to investigate the influence of these two characteristics in the efficiency of managing financial resources.

Relationships Between Corporate Governance and Perceived Financial Performance of Firms： A Study

Corporations should have strong capital to sustain their operations. Investors should feel safe and be able to have access to accurate information about firms to invest their capital in those firms. These two factors are vital issues for the sustainability of corporations in the 21st century business. With the proper establishment of corporate governance practices, investors will be protected and feel safe and then a trust will develop, capital inflow will be facilitated and ultimately corporations with stronger financial foundations will emerge. A questionnaire was applied in this study to investigate the relationships between the corporate governance and perceived financial performance of the top 100 manufacturing firms operating in the Kayseri Organized Industrial Region. The results revealed that the number of employees had significant effects on the corporate governance and perceived financial performance scores of the firms and institutionalization level also affected perceived financial performance. The other independent variables （sectoral distribution, finn age, and export/revenue ratio） did not have any significant effects on corporate governance and perceived financial performance scores of the firms.

Analysis of the Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance With Earnings Management as a Moderating Variable

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect on the activity of earnings management practices of Corporate Social Responsibility （CSR）, and further examine the impact of these relationships （earnings management and CSR） effect on the financial performance of companies in the future. Samples used in this study were 27 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the years 2006-2008. Data collected by puposive sampling method and statistical method used is ordinary least square regression. The study provides empirical evidence that companies that engage in the practice of earnings management have no influence on CSR activities. In addition, the second hypothesis, based CSR explained that the activities associated with earnings management practices negatively affect the company＇s financial performance in the future.

Determinants of Commercial Bank Financial Performance:Empirical Evidence From Ethiopia

The study examines factors that determine the financial performance of commercial banks in Ethiopia by using time series data over the period 2004-2019 on the sample of seven banks using secondary data.Moreover,the autoregressive distributed lag model was used.Under this study,both internal and external factors were included as the determinants of bank performance which was measured by loan-to-deposit ratio.The internal factors used in this study include capital adequacy ratio,non-performing loan and loan growth while the external factors are real GDP growth and inflation.Based on the results,specific variables except non-performing loan capital adequacy and loan growth affect banks performance significantly in the long run.In the short run,in addition to those two variables,non-performing loan also affects bank performance.Real GDP growth has negative significant effect on the banks performance in both long and short run.Inflation has insignificant effects on bank performances in both long and short run.

The Role of Financial Performance as a Moderator on the Relationship Between Financial Leverage and Shareholders Return

The study examines the moderating effects of financial performance on the relationship between financial leverage （FL） and shareholders return （SR）. Panel data of pharmaceutical companies listed in the National Stock Exchange （NSE） were used for 13 years for the period from 2002-03 to 2014-15. Findings indicated that FL is significantly related with SR. However, financial performance has an insignificant relationship with SR and did not moderate the relationship between FL and SR.

Comparative Financial Analysis of Conventional and Islamic Banks of Developing Countries

This study investigated the financial performance of Bangladesh’s State-Owned Commercial Banks,Islami Shariah Based Private commercial Banks and Conventional Private Commercial Banks over 12 years from 2006 to 2017.The objective of this study is to find out the financial performance of a bank based on CAMEL indicators.The finding of this study is that Islami Shariah Based Private commercial Banks and Conventional Private Commercial Banks has a good position than State-Owned Commercial Banks.Specific,Pubali Bank Limited,Standard Bank Limited,Prime Bank Limited,City Bank Limited and Al-Arafah Islami Bank Limited are in the best position in Bangladesh under this study.We also found that the performance of State-Owned Commercial Banks is not good.This study gives a policy implementation according to results.1.State-Owned Commercial Banks should restructure the infrastructure.2.It needs more emphasis on efficiency and effectiveness to control the cost and loan investment.3.It will be required to pay more in insurance premiums.4.It should be born in mine,for higher rating banks.We suggest to a higher number of rating banks that it’s hinders a bank’s ability to expand by investing,consolidating,or adding more branches.We also suggest to all lower rating banks.The institutions with a poor rating will be required to pay more in insurance premiums.

Research on Financial Performance Evaluation of Listed Agricultural Companies in China--Based on VRS-DEA and Malmquist Index

On the basis of sorting the development of the theory of company performance evaluation,this study uses the VRS-DEA model and Malmquist index to evaluate the financial performance of 12 listed agricultural companies in China.Firstly,the selected sample data was standardized,and then the VRS-DEA model was used to analyze the financial performance indicators of the sample companies in 2019.Secondly,the financial performance indicators of the sample companies from 2015 to 2019 were used to longitudinally analyze the company's total factor productivity through the Malmquist index.Finally,based on the analysis of the financial performance evaluation results of sample companies,some suggestions for improving the financial performance of listed agricultural companies in China are put forward.

Research on the Mediating Effect of Market Benefit Between Dual Distribution Channel Conflicts and Financial Performance of Garment Enterprises

The paper discussed the impact of dual distribution channel conflicts on financial performance of garment enterprises by multiple regression and mediation effect has been analyzed with market benefit as the mediated variable based on the survey data of Shanghai region. The results show that： first, channel contention, channel areal differences and channel perception differences have a negative effect on financial performance and channel communication has a positive effect on financial performance significantly; second, market benefit has a positive effect on financial performance significantly; third, channel contention, channel areal differences and channel perception differences have a negative effect on market benefit and channel communication has a positive effect on market benefit significantly; forth, market benefit has a partial mediation effect on the influence of channel areal differences and channel communication on financial performance. Therefore, channel areal differences and channel communication are two major aspects among the dual distribution channel conflicts which may have influences on financial benefit of garment enterprises, and clothing company should lay emphasis on the settling of these two matters.

A Study on the Impact of Social Responsibility of Chinese Commercial Banks on Financial Performance from the Perspective of Stakeholders

With the rapid development of global economy and corporate social responsibility in the booming development, with the deterioration of the environment and the lack of resources, under this background, corporate social responsibility has been paid more and more attention. In China＇s market economic system, as a modem economic system core and the hub of commercial, banks is a powerful mechanism to optimize resources the allocation of commercial banks has its special properties, namely business money and risk. Once the banking crisis, It will cause damage to the interests of the shareholders of the depositors, lenders, and other stakeholders, what will be a serious financial crisis. Therefore the commercial banks to fulfill their social responsibility to the society, has very important effect on the economy, influence of social responsibility on the financial performance of commercial banks, especially the social responsibility fi＇om the perspective of stakeholders to fulfill the impact on financial performance in social relations based on Note the focus. Based on stakeholder theory, combined with the actual situation in our country, on the basis of social responsibility report of commercial banks and bank financial statements on the basis of the empirical analysis to verify the influence of social responsibility on the financial performance of commercial banks, namely the social responsibility of commercial banks, the higher the level of positive correlation between financial performance and existence the more significant; instead, the level of social responsibility of commercial banks is low, a negative correlation between financial performance and being more significant.

The Impact of Credit Ratings on Financial Performance (ROA) and Value Creation (Tobin’s Q)

This study employs a bibliometric and systematic approach to examine the impact of credit ratings as a measure of financial performance for companies listed in the S&P 500 index.The study identified a knowledge gap as only two researches were found,one suggesting and another using credit ratings to measure financial performance.Most researches use leverage,profitability,liquidity,and Share Return measures to explain financial performance.The empirical analysis uses the data of 2,398 observations of 240 companies rated by S&P Global Ratings for the period 2009-2013,applying a Generalized Method of Moments(GMM)methodology to estimate the models due to its ability to address potential endogeneity issues.The study considers Return on Assets(ROA)and Tobin’s Q as dependent variables.It incorporates credit ratings(CRWLTA)along with variables such as Total Debt to Total Assets(TDTA),Total Shareholder Return(TSR),EBITDA Interest coverage(EBITDAICOV),Quick Ratio(QR),Altman’s Z-Score(AZS),as well as macroeconomic factors like Gross Domestic Product(GDP)growth,inflation(Consumer Price Index-CPI),and the Federal Reserve Interest Rate(FDRI)as independent variables.The study argues that credit ratings,which incorporate historical data and confidential information about companies’strategies,provide reliable forward-looking creditworthiness assessments to the market.It is supported by specialized rating agencies that employ their methodologies.However,the findings suggested that CRWLTA,had a negative relationship with Q Tobin,although it was not statistically significant,and a negative relationship with ROA that was on the verge of significance.