This paper analyses the composition, the overall importance of city infrastructure construction and promote the city in the process of meaning. Then analysis the importance of city traffic infrastructure construction,...This paper analyses the composition, the overall importance of city infrastructure construction and promote the city in the process of meaning. Then analysis the importance of city traffic infrastructure construction, the vanity of the city infrastructure and social infrastructure in the process of city, and puts forward relying on infrastructure construction to promote the urbanization development strategy.展开更多
A transport infrastructure is not only a trip provision system but a public facility that generates value for companies and for the society through expanding markets or developing cities, creating another perspective ...A transport infrastructure is not only a trip provision system but a public facility that generates value for companies and for the society through expanding markets or developing cities, creating another perspective for new investments, as well as its own financing. According to this perspective, the financial earnings resulting from the implementation of transport infrastructure can be captured for its own investment. Given the restrictions of society indebtedness, due to social inequalities, scarcity of resources and insufficient fare collection, with the current financial model for public transport infrastructures, the value capture configures as a strategy to be explored to obtain resources. This paper presents the concept of value capture and its connection and relevance with transport infrastructure financing strategies. Applied to the evaluation of the impacts on the surrounding regions of one of the most significant Brazilian transport projects, the improvement and expansion of Belo Horizonte＇s metro, the provided value capture outcomes open more realistic perspectives for greater engagement of the Public Sector in such projects.展开更多
INTRODUCTION This paper is a case study of the progress on environmental and development fronts in this critical area of Cambridge,Massachusetts.Portions of the riverine system to the north(Little River and Alewife Re...INTRODUCTION This paper is a case study of the progress on environmental and development fronts in this critical area of Cambridge,Massachusetts.Portions of the riverine system to the north(Little River and Alewife Reservation)have been restored and include public amenities,and the park to the east(Danehy Park)has been realized.The degraded industrial land uses that had comprised the bulk of the land use have made a transition to a dynamic,mixed-used neighborhood.展开更多
Facing challenges of population decline and fiscal austerity,Japan has implemented a series of initiatives to promote public-private partnerships(PPP)to ensure the sustainability of urban parks and revitalize urban sp...Facing challenges of population decline and fiscal austerity,Japan has implemented a series of initiatives to promote public-private partnerships(PPP)to ensure the sustainability of urban parks and revitalize urban spaces.These initiatives,while alleviating the government’s financial burdens on parks,have also raised concerns about the potential erosion of publicness and public interests resulted from the commercialization of public assets.This paper reviews the evolution of Japan’s urban park management system after World War II—including three phases of being purely public goods,initiating marketization,and diversifying management entities.The functions of parks have continuously enriched,and the construction,management,and operational modes have shifted from government-led towards multi-stakeholder participation,along with expanded funding sources.By examining the PPP types,driving forces,implementation mechanisms and challenges in urban park management,this paper points out that,in different eras and social contexts,the Japanese government has kept adjusting its role to maximize public interests.This has proactively updated the implications of publicness in infrastructure like urban parks,from a post-war opposite of publicness versus privateness on ownership,to the participation of private capital for a higher efficiency,and finally to a community for a stronger regional competitiveness.The reforms of urban park management system in Japan offer significant lessons and insights for urban infrastructure management in other countries and regions.展开更多
In a relatively short time, many of China's cities have become major industrial, shipping, and financial hubs. To support this unprecedented growth and economic development, China has invested enormous sums to pro...In a relatively short time, many of China's cities have become major industrial, shipping, and financial hubs. To support this unprecedented growth and economic development, China has invested enormous sums to provide transportation, power, communications, sanitation, and other basic infrastructures. Although much of this investment has been in newer urban districts, old districts within existing cities still add value to the economy and are often repositories of China's considerable cultural heritage. Maintaining compatibility between the old and the new is always challenging but the renewal of older infrastructure systems often lags behind due to a shortage of capital and difficulties in raising sufficient revenue to support replacement and upgrading of basic systems. This paper will examine the range of funding and financing options that are in use throughout the world to see what mix of public and private approaches might be most suitable for Chinese cities to adopt as part of a funding and financing strategy that will support enduring and sustainable renewal and redevelopment of older urban districts.展开更多
This comparison is not restricted to Mumbai and Shanghai but also to Bangalore and Hangzhou, Delhi and Beifing and so on. The Chinese and lndian economies are expected to be the growth engines of the global economy. i...This comparison is not restricted to Mumbai and Shanghai but also to Bangalore and Hangzhou, Delhi and Beifing and so on. The Chinese and lndian economies are expected to be the growth engines of the global economy. important role, through their transformation In this process cities are expected to play an into ＂World Class ＂ cities, a term now doing rounds in the policy circles in Mumbai. to be achieved through massive infrastructure investments made in them. In China, this has been possible because of the decentralized administrative and fiscal system in China. In contrast, in India, the system of urban infrastructure is currently evolving and making a transition from a centralized to a decentralized system. This paper： （i） compares the Chinese and Indian-financial systems to explain differences in the quantum of funds available in cities in both countries; （ii） looks at urban responsibility allocations in terms of institutions; and （iii） compares capital investments made by one city each in the two countries, in Beijing （China） and in Mumbai （India）.展开更多
文摘This paper analyses the composition, the overall importance of city infrastructure construction and promote the city in the process of meaning. Then analysis the importance of city traffic infrastructure construction, the vanity of the city infrastructure and social infrastructure in the process of city, and puts forward relying on infrastructure construction to promote the urbanization development strategy.
文摘A transport infrastructure is not only a trip provision system but a public facility that generates value for companies and for the society through expanding markets or developing cities, creating another perspective for new investments, as well as its own financing. According to this perspective, the financial earnings resulting from the implementation of transport infrastructure can be captured for its own investment. Given the restrictions of society indebtedness, due to social inequalities, scarcity of resources and insufficient fare collection, with the current financial model for public transport infrastructures, the value capture configures as a strategy to be explored to obtain resources. This paper presents the concept of value capture and its connection and relevance with transport infrastructure financing strategies. Applied to the evaluation of the impacts on the surrounding regions of one of the most significant Brazilian transport projects, the improvement and expansion of Belo Horizonte＇s metro, the provided value capture outcomes open more realistic perspectives for greater engagement of the Public Sector in such projects.
文摘INTRODUCTION This paper is a case study of the progress on environmental and development fronts in this critical area of Cambridge,Massachusetts.Portions of the riverine system to the north(Little River and Alewife Reservation)have been restored and include public amenities,and the park to the east(Danehy Park)has been realized.The degraded industrial land uses that had comprised the bulk of the land use have made a transition to a dynamic,mixed-used neighborhood.
文摘Facing challenges of population decline and fiscal austerity,Japan has implemented a series of initiatives to promote public-private partnerships(PPP)to ensure the sustainability of urban parks and revitalize urban spaces.These initiatives,while alleviating the government’s financial burdens on parks,have also raised concerns about the potential erosion of publicness and public interests resulted from the commercialization of public assets.This paper reviews the evolution of Japan’s urban park management system after World War II—including three phases of being purely public goods,initiating marketization,and diversifying management entities.The functions of parks have continuously enriched,and the construction,management,and operational modes have shifted from government-led towards multi-stakeholder participation,along with expanded funding sources.By examining the PPP types,driving forces,implementation mechanisms and challenges in urban park management,this paper points out that,in different eras and social contexts,the Japanese government has kept adjusting its role to maximize public interests.This has proactively updated the implications of publicness in infrastructure like urban parks,from a post-war opposite of publicness versus privateness on ownership,to the participation of private capital for a higher efficiency,and finally to a community for a stronger regional competitiveness.The reforms of urban park management system in Japan offer significant lessons and insights for urban infrastructure management in other countries and regions.
文摘In a relatively short time, many of China's cities have become major industrial, shipping, and financial hubs. To support this unprecedented growth and economic development, China has invested enormous sums to provide transportation, power, communications, sanitation, and other basic infrastructures. Although much of this investment has been in newer urban districts, old districts within existing cities still add value to the economy and are often repositories of China's considerable cultural heritage. Maintaining compatibility between the old and the new is always challenging but the renewal of older infrastructure systems often lags behind due to a shortage of capital and difficulties in raising sufficient revenue to support replacement and upgrading of basic systems. This paper will examine the range of funding and financing options that are in use throughout the world to see what mix of public and private approaches might be most suitable for Chinese cities to adopt as part of a funding and financing strategy that will support enduring and sustainable renewal and redevelopment of older urban districts.
基金This paper is the outcome of research as an AsianScholarship Foundation Fellow in 2004, at Tsinghua University, Beijing.
文摘This comparison is not restricted to Mumbai and Shanghai but also to Bangalore and Hangzhou, Delhi and Beifing and so on. The Chinese and lndian economies are expected to be the growth engines of the global economy. important role, through their transformation In this process cities are expected to play an into ＂World Class ＂ cities, a term now doing rounds in the policy circles in Mumbai. to be achieved through massive infrastructure investments made in them. In China, this has been possible because of the decentralized administrative and fiscal system in China. In contrast, in India, the system of urban infrastructure is currently evolving and making a transition from a centralized to a decentralized system. This paper： （i） compares the Chinese and Indian-financial systems to explain differences in the quantum of funds available in cities in both countries; （ii） looks at urban responsibility allocations in terms of institutions; and （iii） compares capital investments made by one city each in the two countries, in Beijing （China） and in Mumbai （India）.
