Analysis of Investigation on Ebian Spotted Cattle and Suggestions

Ebian spotted cattle has the ability to adapt to the local natural ecological environment,and is one of the excellent local cattle breeds in Sichuan.Ebian spotted cattle is a breed of cattle for both service and meat use and formed through long-term natural selection and artificial selection.Because of the weak development and utilization of this breed,the economic benefits of excellent breeds have not been fully brought into play,and farmers'enthusiasm in breeding is poor,so that the number of Ebian spotted cattle has reduced year by year.In order to strengthen the protection,development and utilization of Ebian spotted cattle as a local excellent breed,combined with the third national survey of livestock and poultry genetic resources in 2021,Ebian spotted cattle was investigated,and a comprehensive,scientific and objective analysis of its population numbers was conducted.Besides,reasonable suggestions were put forward.

Stress-Induced Precipitation of Fineγ'-Phase and Thermodynamics Analysis

The microstructures of a single crystal Ni-base superalloy with [001] orientation were observed by means of TEM. Results showed that the fine γ’ particles were precipitated in the γ matrix channels during the tensile deformation of the alloy. Thermodynamics analysis indicated that the solubility of elements M(Al,Ta) within the γ matrix may be changed when the alloy was deformed by the external applied stress. The tensile stress reduced the solubility of elements Al and Ta so as to occur the over-saturation and agglomeration of them, which promoted the precipitation of fine γ’-phase in the γ matrix.

Analysis of Sources of Atmospheric Fine Particulates in Nan'ao County

Based on on-line single particle aerosol mass spectrometry （SPAMS） with high time resolution, the sources of atmospheric fine particu- late matter in Nan＇ao County were analyzed. The results showed that during the monitoring period from March 24 to 27 in 2015, the primary source of fine particulate matter in Nao＇ao County was motor vehicle exhaust, that is, 24.7% of fine particulates were from motor vehicle exhaust, followed by biomass burning （17.2%）, fire coal （17.2%）, and sea salt （13.3%）. The proportions of fire coal and sea salt revealed the peculiarity of sources of atmospheric fine particulate matter in Nan＇ao County. Therefore, it is suggested that some measures should be adopted to limit tourist traffic to reduce the adverse impact of motor vehicle exhaust on ambient air quality in Nan＇ao County.

PHYSICAL VALUE MAPPING ALGORITHM OF MESH IN FINE CAE ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOBILE BODY STRUCTURE

A physical value mapping （PVM） algorithm based on finite element mesh from the stamped part in stamping process to the product is presented, In order to improve the efficiency of the PVM algorithm, a search way from the mesh of the product to the mesh of the stamped part will be adopted. At the same time, the search process is divided into two steps： entire search （ES） and local search （LS）, which improve the searching efficiency. The searching area is enlarged to avoid missing projection elements in ES process. An arc-length method is introduced in LS process. The validity is confirmed by the results of the complex industry-forming product.

FINE STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF DEFORMED STEEL 1Cr18Ni9

X-ray diffraction profiles of various deformed steel 1Cr18Ni9 through stepped scanning were obtained.By profile analysis,some structure parameters such as effective domain size D_(eff), dislocation density in domain,distribution parameterand bulk stored energy densiy (E/V),etc.,were obtained.The results were compared with those of TEM observation.The true domain sizes D_e are comparable,but the minimum and characteristics of width of stack- ing fault are different.This may be resulted from the large fluctuation in width of stacking fault.

Optimization of green sand mould system using Taguchi based grey relational analysis

The strength of the mould cavity in sand casting is very much significant to attain high-quality castings. Optimization of green sand process parameters plays a vital role in minimizing casting defects. In the present research work, the effect of process parameters such as AFS grain fineness number, water, molasses, bentonite, fly ash, and ramming, and their levels on the resultant mould properties were investigated and optimized using Taguchi based grey relational analysis. The Taguchi L18 orthogonal array and analysis of variance(ANOVA) were used. The quality characteristics viz., green compression strength, permeability, bulk density, mould hardness and shatter index of green sand mould were optimized using grey relational grade, based on the experiments designed using Taguchi's Design of Experiments. ANOVA analysis indicated that water content is the most influential parameter followed by bentonite, and degree of ramming that contributes to the quality characteristics. The results are confirmed by calculating confidence intervals, which lies within the interval limits. Finally, microstructure observations and X-ray diffraction analysis have been performed for the optimal sand parametric combination. Results show that presence of maximum amount of SiO_2, which might be the reason for enhancement of the physical properties of the sand.

Genetic Analysis and Mapping of an Enclosed Panicle Mutant Locus esp1 in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A mutant was isolated from the M2 of 60Co-T ray mutagenized male-fertility restorer line Zao-R974 in rice. The mutant showed pleiotropic phenotypes including dwarfism, delayed heading time, short and partially enclosed panicles, short uppermost internode, decreased grain and secondary branch numbers per panicle, and partially degenerated spikelets. The mutant was named as espl （enclosed shorter panicle 1）. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a recessive locus. Spraying exogenous GA~ did not rescue the panicle enclosure. Using an F2 and a BC, population of the cross between espl and a japonica cultivar Nipponbare, we mapped the ESP1 locus to a region of-260 kb on chromosome 11. This result provides a basis for further map-based cloning of the ESP1 locus.

Molecular mapping and candidate gene analysis of the semi-dominant gene Vestigial glume1 in maize

The glume is an organ of the maize spikelet and plays important roles in anther and kernel development.Vestigial glume1(Vg1)is a classic mutant associated with ligule and glume development.Here we report the phenotypic characterization,fine mapping,and candidate gene analysis of the Vg1 mutant.Vg1 is a semi-dominant and pleiotropic gene,and also affects plant height,ear height,and tassel length.Vg1 ligule degeneration begins at the first leaf,and the Vg1 tassel and ear can be distinguished from those of wild-type plants when their lengths reach respectively 55 mm and 51 mm.Using a BC3 mapping population of 11,445 plants,we delimited the Vg1 functional site to an interval of 7.4 kb,flanked by the markers InDelLM and CRM6.A putative cyclopropane fatty-acid synthase gene(ZmCPA-FAS1)was hypothesized to underlie the mutant phenotype.We detected a Helitron insertion in the sixth intron of ZmCPAFAS1.Its presence caused abnormal alternative splicing of ZmCPA-FAS1 that conferred new characteristics on the Vg1 mutant.These findings are a basis for further discovery of the molecularmechanism underlying glume development and a potential guide formaize breeding of small-glume varieties,especially sweet corn breeding.

Culm form analysis for bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens

We investigated the culm form for one of the largest bamboo species, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex Houz. in relation to the me- chanical constraint principles, i.e., elastic, stress and geometric similarity. The fine-resolution analysis of the culm taper indicated that the culm for P. pubescens consisted of three or four segments with various forms, except for the butt swell. This implied that the taper of the whole culm for P. pubescens could be expressed by neither of these principles. The regression slope between culm height and diameter at breast height on the double logarithmic coordinates was 0.629, which was significantly different from the values predicted from these principles. In conclusion, none of these mechanical constraint principles can express the culm taper and height-diameter relationship, and there may be a need for a more complicated model to express the culm form for P. pubescens.

Sensitivity analysis of distributed parameter elements in high-speed circuit networks

This paper presents an analysis method, based on MacCormack＇s technique, for the evaluation of the time domain sensitivity of distributed parameter elements in high-speed circuit networks. Sensitivities can be calculated from electrical and physical parameters of the distributed parameter elements. The proposed method is a direct numerical method of time-space discretization and does not require complicated mathematical deductive process. Therefore, it is very convenient to program this method. It can be applied to sensitivity analysis of general transmission lines in linear or nonlinear circuit networks. The proposed method is second-order-accurate. Numerical experiment is presented to demonstrate its accuracy and efficiency.

A new nano-scale surface marking technique for the deformation analysis of Mg-based alloys

In this work a new nanoscale surface marking technique,namely electron beam damage induced surface marking(EBDISM),is developed and tested for the first time on a fine-grained pure Mg surface.This technique utilizes focused high-energy electron beam of a scanning electron microscope to“burn”dense arrays of nano-scale grid patterns on the sample surface,and it is proved to be very effective for identifying and measuring localised deformation behaviours.However,the surface marking deposited by EBDISM is not permanent and it tends to deteriorate overtime.Cheap,easy to use and versatile,the EBDISM technique has a huge potential for quantitative measurement of strain field and nano-scale deformation analysis.

Study of the Porosity of the Tiles out of Vibrated Mortar by Microstructural Analysis

The promotion and the popularization of the micro concrete tiles in any locality obligation with a will of durable development pass by a standard of quality, which is based on the results of scientific and technical research taking account of local specificities. This work proposes to study the porosity of the micro concrete by micro structural analysis. From this study, it comes out that the variation of porosity compared to the ratio of the fine gravels (s/(s + g)) is decreasing. Indeed more the granular ratio increases less low is the density of pores of material. The decrease of porosity according to the granular rate is not infinite;it tends towards a minimum starting from a rate of fine gravel close to 50%. The results obtained justify well the ratio of fine gravel practised by tileries.

Is there a difference between 19G core biopsy needle and 22G core biopsy needle in diagnosing the correct etiology?——A meta-analysis and systematic review

AIM To compare the accuracy of endoscopic ultra-sonography(EUS) 19 G core biopsies and 22 G core biopsies in diagnosing the correct etiology for a solid mass.METHODS Articles were searched in Medline, Pub Med, and Ovid journals. Pooling was conducted by both fixed and random effects models. RESULTS Initial search identified 4460 reference articles for 19 G and 22 G, of these 670 relevant articles were selected and reviewed. Data was extracted from 6 studies for 19G(n = 289) and 16 studies for 22G(n = 592) which met the inclusion criteria. EUS 19 G core biopsies had a pooled sensitivity of 91.6%(95%CI: 87.1-95.0) and pooled specificity of 95.9%(95%CI: 88.6-99.2), whereas EUS 22 G had a pooled sensitivity of 83.3%(95%CI: 79.7-86.6) and pooled specificity of 64.3%(95%CI: 54.7-73.1). The positive likelihood ratio of EUS 19 G core biopsies was 9.08(95%CI: 1.12-73.66) and EUS 22 G core biopsies was 1.99(95%CI: 1.09-3.66).The negative likelihood ratio of EUS 19 G core biopsies was 0.12(95%CI: 0.07-0.24) and EUS 22 G core biopsies was 0.25(95%CI: 0.14-0.41). The diagnostic odds ratio was 84.74(95%CI: 18.31-392.26) for 19 G core biopsies and 10.55(95% CI: 3.29-33.87) for 22 G needles. CONCLUSION EUS 19 G core biopsies have an excellent diagnostic value and seem to be better than EUS 22 G biopsies in detecting the correct etiology for a solid mass.

精细化管理法减少中药注射剂不合理配伍的效果分析

目的:评价精细化管理法减少中药注射剂不合理配伍的效果。方法:通过鱼骨图分析可能影响中药注射剂不合理配伍的因素,针对关键问题实施精细化管理,调查精细化管理干预前(2021年7—12月)、干预后(2022年7—12月)该院中药注射剂医嘱,对不合理配伍医嘱进行统计分析,对比干预前后中药注射剂医嘱配伍不合理率,探讨干预措施的有效性。结果:干预前,25453组中药注射剂医嘱中,不合理配伍医嘱2366组,中药注射剂医嘱配伍不合理率为9.30%;干预后,28466组中药注射剂医嘱中,不合理配伍医嘱855组,中药注射剂医嘱配伍不合理率为3.00%,不合理率较干预前降低67.74%。干预后,中药注射剂医嘱中溶剂剂量不适宜、违反“十九畏”原则和溶剂种类选择不当问题大幅减少,未冲管和中西药混合输注问题已基本不存在。表明精细化管理模式能够有效改善中药注射剂医嘱不合理配伍情况。结论:通过鱼骨图分析可能影响中药注射剂不合理配伍的因素,针对关键问题实施精细化管理,可有效减少中药注射剂的不合理配伍现象,为其他医院中药注射剂的合理应用提供了参考。

基于小波多尺度分析大气边界层高度提取方法研究

大气边界层物理演变特征及复杂边界层结构对大气污染过程的影响机制研究中,迫切需要边界层精细化结构的探测手段。通常使用梯度法和小波协方差变换法的方式进行边界层高度提取,但由于该方式容易受到噪声和气溶胶层结构的影响,实验误差较大。提出使用小波多尺度分析方法细化边界层特征结构,从而筛选出有效的细节信息,提高对探索边界层高度的准确性。此外,基于GBQ L-01激光雷达设备实测合肥地区全天气溶胶分布情况,使用小波多尺度分析方法分析对应的平行分量距离平方矫正信号、垂直分量距离平方矫正信号和退偏振比全天分布情况。实验结果表明,该方法准确性高,与梯度法、小波协方差法相比具有更高的稳定性与连续性。对特殊时间点进行数据分析,明确主要影响边界层高度的主要因素,并确定各个时间段的大气边界层高度值。

Fine Mapping and Analysis of DWARF TILLER1 in Controlling Rice Architecture

Rice is one of the most consumed staple food plants around the world, and its plant architecture is very important to improve the grain yield （Zhang et al., 2008）. Plant height, leaf angle, tiller number and angle, and uniformity of panicle layer all can have strong effects on grain yield （Wang and Li, 2008）. During the long history of domestication, rice has been selected to develop uniform tiller height architecture that ensures panicle layer uniformity and ease of harvesting （Ma et al., 2009）, and is largely determined by the synchronic culm elongation.

Detection and fine-mapping of SC7 resistance genes via linkage and association analysis in soybean

Soybean mosaic virus（SMV） disease is one of the most serious and broadly distributed soybean（Glycine max（L.） Merr.） diseases. Here, we combine the advantages of association and linkage analysis to identify and fine-map the soybean genes associated with resistance to SMV strain SC7.A set of 191 soybean accessions from different geographic origins and 184 recombinant inbred lines（RILs） derived from Kefeng No.1（resistant） Nannong 1138-2（susceptible） were used in this study. The SC7 resistance genes were previously mapped to a 2.65 Mb region on chromosome 2 and a 380 kb region on chromosome 13. Among 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs） detected via association analysis in the study, the SNP BARC-021625-04157 was located in the2.65 Mb region, and the SNP BARC-041671-08065 was located near the 380 kb region; three genes harboring the SNPs were probably related to SC7 resistance. The resistance gene associated with BARC-021625-04157 was then finemapped to a region of approximately 158 kb on chromosome2 using 184 RILs. Among the 15 genes within this region, one NBS-LRR type gene, one HSP40 gene and one serine carboxypeptidase-type gene might be candidate SC7 resistance genes. These results will be useful for map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection in soybean breeding programs.

Predicting lateral displacement caused by seismic liquefaction and performing parametric sensitivity analysis:Considering cumulative absolute velocity and fine content

Lateral displacement due to liquefaction(D_(H))is the most destructive effect of earthquakes in saturated loose or semi-loose sandy soil.Among all earthquake parameters,the standardized cumulative absolute velocity(CAV_(5))exhibits the largest correlation with increasing pore water pressure and liquefaction.Furthermore,the complex effect of fine content(FC)at different values has been studied and demonstrated.Nevertheless,these two contexts have not been entered into empirical and semi-empirical models to predict D_(H)This study bridges this gap by adding CAV_(5)to the data set and developing two artificial neural network(ANN)models.The first model is based on the entire range of the parameters,whereas the second model is based on the samples with FC values that are less than the 28%critical value.The results demonstrate the higher accuracy of the second model that is developed even with less data.Additionally,according to the uncertainties in the geotechnical and earthquake parameters,sensitivity analysis was performed via Monte Carlo simulation(MCS)using the second developed ANN model that exhibited higher accuracy.The results demonstrated the significant influence of the uncertainties of earthquake parameters on predicting D_(H).

Genetic analysis and fine mapping of the pubescence gene GL6 in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The pubescence of the leaf blade surface is an important agronomic characteristic for rice morphology and significantly influences rice growth as well as physiological characteristics. This characteristic was analyzed in F1 and F2 plants derived by crossing cultivar 75-1-127 with the indica cultivar Minghui 63, as well as the glabrous cultivar Lemont and indica cultivar 9311. Results indicated that the pubescence of the leaf blade surface was a dominant trait and controlled by a single gene. The GL6 gene was primarily mapped on rice chromosome 6 with recessive F2 population derived from 75-1-127/Minghui 63 by combining bulked segregation analysis and recessive class analysis using the Mapmaker3.0/MapDraw software. The genetic distances between the simple sequence repeat markers RM20491 and RM20547 were 7.2 and 2.2 cM, respectively. The GL6 gene was fine mapped in the interval between InDel-106 and InDel-115 at genetic distances of 0.3 and 0.1 cM, respectively. The large, recessive F2 population was derived from 75-1-127/Minghui 63. A high-resolution genetic and physical map of GL6 was constructed. Derived from the map-based sequences published by the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project, the GL6 gene was localized at an interval of 79 (japonica) and 116.82 kb (9311) bracketed by InDel-106 and InDel-115 within the BAC accession numbers AP008403 and AP005760. Seven annotated genes (japonica) and eight annotated genes (9311) were present. The basis was further set for GL6 cloning and function analysis.

Genetic analysis and gene fine mapping of a rolling leaf mutant (rl_(11(t))) in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The exploration of new genes controlling rice leaf shape is an important foundation for rice functional genomics and plant architecture improvement. In the present study, we identified a rolling leaf mutant from indica variety Yuefeng B, named rl11(t), which exhibited reduced plant height, rolling and narrow leaves. Leaves in rl11(t) mutant showed abnormal number and morphology of veins compared with those in wild type plants. In addition, rl11(t) mutant was less sensitive to the inhibitory effect of auxin than the wild type. Genetic analysis suggested that the mutant was controlled by a single recessive gene. Gene Rl11(t) was initially mapped between SSR markers RM6089 and RM124 on chromosome 4. Thirty-two new STS markers around the Rl11(t) region were developed for fine mapping. A physical map encompassing the Rl11(t) locus was constructed and the target gene was finally delimited to a 31.6 kb window between STS4-25 and STS4-26 on BAC AL606645. This provides useful information for cloning of Rl11(t) gene.