Breeding and Application of Japonica CMS Line Yangfujing 7A with Fine Grain Quality, Disease Resistance and High Combining Ability in Rice

Yangfujing 7A, derived from the cross between Xu 9201A and Yangfujing 7 and its successive backcrosses, is a BT-type japonica CMS line developed by the Agricultural Institute of Riparian Region of Jiangsu Province. It shows good integrat- ed characteristics, stable male sterility, good flowering habits, high out crossing rate, strong disease resistance, fine grain quality （reaching the 1st class of national standards for fine quality rice） and high combining ability. In 2012, it was technically identified in Jiangsu Province. Its F1 hybrid combination Tongyoujingl （Yangfujing 7 A/R98）, showing high yield and good grain quality, was registered and released to commercial production by Jiangsu Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in 2013.

Breeding of a New Fine Quality Fragrant Hybrid Rice Combination Taoxiangyoulijing

Taoxiangyoulijing is a new fine quality fragrant hybrid combination bred by matching the fine quality indica sterile line Taoxiang A with the fine quality restorer line R Lijing by Hunan Taohuayuan Agricultural Science and Technology Co.Ltd,Changsha Zhulixiang Agricultural Science and Technology Co.Ltd and Hunan Zhihe Seed Technology Co.,Ltd.The combination is featured with wide adaptability,high yield,strong resistance to rice blast,and GB class 2 high quality.In October 2019,Taoxiangyoulijing was approved by the National Crop Variety Certification Committee and it reached the second class standard of quality score according to the Standard for Fine Quality Rice,Ministry of Agriculture,China.

Breeding and Application of Quality Indica CMS Line Taonong 1A in Rice

Taonong 1 A, developed from the cross of Jin 23A/（644B /Yixiang B） F2 and its successive backcrosses over years, is an indica CMS line in rice. It is characteristic of good agronomic characters, restorability, fine grain quality and high multiplication and hybrid seed yield. In 2012, its F1 hybrid combination Taoyou Xi- angzhan （Taonong 1A/Huanghuazhan） was evaluated as a 2nd class fine quality rice variety in Hunan Province. Both Taonong 1A and Taoyou Xiangzhan were regis- tered for release to commercial production by Hunan Provincial Crop Variety Ap- praisal Committee in 2015.

Fine root litter quality regulates soil carbon storage efficiency in subtropical forest soils

●High-quality and low-quality root litter had contrasting patterns of mass loss.●Greater litter-derived C was incorporated into soils under high-quality root litter.●Root litter decay rate or litter-derived C were related to soil microbial diversity.●Root litter quality had little effect on soil physicochemical properties.●High root litter quality was the main driver of enhanced soil C storage efficiency.Decomposing root litter is a major contributor to soil carbon(C)storage in forest soils.During decomposition,the quality of root litter could play a critical role in soil C storage.However,it is unclear whether root litter quality influences soil C storage efficiency.We conducted a two-year greenhouse decomposition experiment using 13C-labeled fine root litter of two tree species to investigate how root litter quality,represented by C to nitrogen(C/N)ratios,regulates decomposition and C storage efficiency in subtropical forest soils in China.‘High-quality’root litter(C/N ratio=26)decayed faster during the first year(0−410 days),whereas‘low-quality’root litter(C/N ratio=46)decomposed faster toward the end of the two-year period(598−767 days).However,over the two years of the study,mass loss from high-quality root litter(29.14±1.42%)was lower than‘low-quality’root litter(33.01±0.54%).Nonetheless,root litter C storage efficiency(i.e.,the ratio of new root litter-derived soil C to total mineralized root litter C)was significantly greater for high-quality root litter,with twice as much litter-derived C stored in soils compared to low-quality root litter at the end of the experiment.Root litter quality likely influenced soil C storage via changes in microbial diversity,as the decomposition of high-quality litter declined with increasing bacterial diversity,whereas the amount of litter-derived soil C from low-quality litter increased with fungal diversity.Our results thus reveal that root litter quality mediates decomposition and C storage in subtropical forest soils in China and future work should consider the links between root litter quality and soil microbial diversity.