Generation of structured light beams with polarization variation along arbitrary spatial trajectories using tri-layer metasurfaces

Conventionally,the spatially structured light beams produced by metasurfaces primarily highlight the polarization modulation of the beams propagating along the optical axis or the beams'spatial transmission trajectory.In particular,along the optical axis,the polarization state is either constant or varies continuously in each output plane.Here,we develop innovative spatially structured light beams with continually changing polarization along any arbitrary spatial transmission trajectories.With tri-layer metallic metasurfaces,the geometric characteristics of each layer structure can be adjusted to modulate the phase and polarization state of the incident terahertz(THz)wave.The beam will converge to the predefined trajectory along several paths to generate a Bessel-like beam with longitudinal polarization changes.We demonstrate the versatility of the approach by designing two THz-band structured light beams with varying polarization states along the spatial helical transmission trajectory.Continuous linear polarization changes and linear polarization to right circular polarization(RCP)and back to linear polarization changes are realized respectively.The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulated results.Our proposal for arbitrary trajectory structured light beams with longitudinally varying polarization offers a practical method for continuously regulating the characteristics of spatial structured light beams with non-axial transmission.This technique has potential uses in optical encryption,particle manipulation,and biomedical imaging.

Performance optimization of a SERF atomic magnetometer based on flat-top light beam

We explore the impact of pumping beams with different transverse intensity profiles on the performance of the spinexchange relaxation-free(SERF) atomic magnetometers(AMs). We conduct experiments comparing the traditional Gaussian optically-pumped AM with that utilizing the flat-top optically-pumped(FTOP) method. Our findings reveal that the FTOP-based approach outperforms the conventional method, exhibiting a larger response, a narrower magnetic resonance linewidth, and a superior low-frequency noise performance. Specifically, the use of FTOP method leads to a 16% enhancement in average sensitivity within 1 Hz–30 Hz frequency range. Our research emphasizes the significance of achieving transverse polarization uniformity in AMs, providing insights for future optimization efforts and sensitivity improvements in miniaturized magnetometers.

Simulation experiments on counter beam lighting in highway tunnel

Counter beam lighting was introduced as well as transverse symmetrical lighting and longitudinal symmetrical lighting.Simulation experiments were carried out by using DIAlux lighting software for the above three lighting methods.The results show that counter beam lighting is more reasonable to be adopted in the tunnel entrance zone because its threshold increment of disability glare is greater.Counter beam lighting can improve the background luminance of the obstacles and lighting efficiency compared with transverse symmetrical lighting and longitudinal symmetrical lighting.Therefore,tunnel lighting energy-saving can be achieved by reducing the road luminance demands and luminaries power.Longitudinal symmetrical lighting is conducive to the large luminaries spacing in the tunnel internal zone;so power consumption can be reduced by decreasing the number of luminaries used.Tunnel walls are unsuitable to pave with smooth or bright material.Installation height of the luminaries has less effect on counter beam lighting.

Size effect on light propagation modulation near band edges in one-dimensional periodic structures

Periodic photonic structures can provide rich modulation in propagation of light due to well-defined band structures.Especially near band edges,light localization and the effect of near-zero refractive index have attracted wide attention.However,the practically fabricated structures can only have finite size,i.e.,limited numbers of periods,leading to changes of the light propagation modulation compared with infinite structures.Here,we study the size effect on light localization and near-zero refractive-index propagation near band edges in one-dimensional periodic structures.Near edges of the band gap,as the structure's size shrinks,the broadening of the band gap and the weakening of the light localization are discovered.When the size is small,an added layer on the surface will perform large modulation in the group velocity.Near the degenerate point with Dirac-like dispersion,the zero-refractive-index effects like the zero-phase difference and near-unity transmittance retain as the size changes,while absolute group velocity fluctuates when the size shrinks.

Generation of structure light in probe absorption spectrum via microwave-driven Y-type atomic system

Behavior of structure light is investigated by monitoring probe absorption using a microwave-driven Y-type atomic media configuration.The system under consideration is driven by one of the control vortex beams as well as an extra non-vortex control beam to ensure electromagnetically induced transparency.The significant aspect in the generation of structured light is the azimuthal phase-dependent modification for probe absorption.Further intensity distribution for absorption spectra is examined for simultaneously evaluating both the control vortex beams.We also go through the radial distribution of intensity for various orbital angular momentum values.Different modes of structural beams may be distinguished using the suggested approach.Our research gives us a way for rapidly transferring vortex wavefronts from control field to probe absorption profile.This could be useful in quantum information processing.

基于合肥光源数据库的束流寿命分析与诊断

高质量的电子束流寿命数据可以直接反映装置的健康状态,为了获得高质量的束流寿命数据,提出一种束流寿命数据清洗方法,并开展了影响束流寿命的关键因素研究。基于合肥光源历史数据库对2022年以来累积的束流寿命原始数据进行分析,采用Python开发了自动化数据清洗程序,用于获取和处理合肥光源的原始束流寿命数据,以获得长时间跨度的束流寿命变化趋势。通过使用Pearson相关系数对束流寿命异常原因进行分析,发现合肥光源束流寿命受储存环真空压强和高频腔压的影响较大。该束流寿命清洗程序处理快捷,获取的高质量束流寿命数据可以为合肥光源的健康状态检测诊断和预警提供重要依据。

可见光减反射膜薄层控制误差的分析与性能优化

为提升光学镜头的成像质量,消除杂散光的影响,以K9玻璃为基底设计可见光波段平均反射率小于0.1%的减反射膜。采用电子束离子辅助沉积的制备方式,针对薄层敏感度高、光谱变化大等问题,通过建立稳定控制膜层厚度的数学模型来减小膜厚误差,提高制备精度和成膜稳定性。对减反射膜进行环测实验,优化调整工艺参数,侧重提高减反射膜的硬度和耐水煮能力。实验结果表明,最终制备出的减反射膜在420~680 nm波段内的平均反射率约为0.044%,最高反射率为0.0712%,克服了以MgF2为外层的减反射膜机械性能和化学稳定性较差的问题,满足工程应用低损耗、稳定可靠、高强度、可重复性制备的要求。

轻钢龙骨防火组合楼板梁板节点连接试验研究

轻钢龙骨防火组合楼板是一种新型的装配式楼板,因为自重较小,同时具有较大的承载力,板底板顶附层为防火楼板,具有较好的防火能力,该种楼板作为简支板直接放置于工字钢梁上,支座处无法传递负弯矩,因此在梁顶支座处会出现一条通缝,严重影响使用效果,同时简支板体系也不符合抗震规范的要求。本文提出一种新的支座处梁板节点连接方式,目的是通过合理连接,实现支座处能够传递负弯矩,由简支变为固结。试验采用液压千斤顶对试件施加静荷载,对11个全比例节点连接试件进行研究,考虑连接件搭接长度、连接件厚度、连接所用的自攻螺钉(螺栓)的数量,以及连接件尺寸对梁板连接节点承载力和挠度的影响,并对节点连接件与C型轻钢龙骨之间的变形协调能力做出了分析。研究表明,本文提出的以Z型钢为连接件的梁板节点连接方法安全可靠,可实现该新型楼板的双跨以及多跨连接。

考虑光强分布的光通信光栅列阵光束整形方法

光栅单元阵列由大量的单元组成,每个单元的大小和形状都需要精确控制,以确保光束的整形效果。然而,在光通信过程中,光强分布的变化会导致光栅列阵中每个单元的响应度不一致,从而引起每个单元接收到的光信号出现差异,进而影响光束的整形效果。因此,提出一种考虑光强分布的光通信光栅列阵光束整形方法。以光通信光栅列阵中的最常用的列阵波导光栅为例,通过阵列波导结构中的阵列波导的芯区宽度、芯区折射率、包层折射率、波导周期宽度等参数,结合波导中的传播常数受到光束波长和折射率影响,得到阵列波导的归一化本征方程,将其结果结合匀化洛伦兹函数得到入射光和出射光的光强分布,通过计算得到光通信光栅列阵光束入射光及出射光的映射函数,利用函数调整光学参数,实现光通信光栅列阵光束整形。实验结果表明:该方法对光通信光栅列阵光束的整形效果好,整形光束的能量利用率高,光束不均匀性小。

一种小尺寸轫致辐射转换靶设计

以减小直线感应加速器X射线光源横向尺寸为目标,开展轫致辐射转换靶的设计。对聚焦打靶过程中电子束运动轨迹进行分析,指出同一个电子束轨迹分布,既可以描述为电子束在某纵向位置处具有一定的横向展宽,也可以描述为电子束保持较小横向尺寸时的轴向分布展宽,由此提出在束腰附近放置多个小靶片实现聚焦电子束有效阻挡的小尺寸多层靶概念设计。采用EGS4程序对X射线产额进行计算,发现靶厚度在一定范围内改变时X射线产额变化较小,基于这一规律完成了小尺寸多层靶的结构设计。进一步考察了一个设计应用实例,当聚焦电子束最小包络直径3 mm、会聚角100 mrad时,对比大尺寸靶,采用小尺寸多层靶可以获得等效直径减小约50%、产额减小约10%的X射线光源。该设计方法有望在相同的电子束品质和聚焦条件下,获得横向尺寸小于电子束最小束包络直径的X射线光源,具有一定的应用价值。

基于空间光调制器的艾里光束能量调制方法

艾里光束由于具有无衍射、自加速和自愈合等特性,具有重要的应用前景。本文基于空间光调制器可编程特性,提出了一种可调谐的艾里光束能量调制新方法。从理论上深入分析通过在相位图中引入一个可控的调制相位而实现了艾里光束能量调控的方法,并且量化了调制参数与能量调制范围的关系。仿真和实验结果表明通过改变调制相位可以灵活地调节光束能量分布,本文的研究有助于进一步推动艾里光束的应用。

迈腾B8前照灯结构及故障诊断逻辑分析

介绍了迈腾B8灯光系统的主要组成:灯具、开关、保险、接地、继电器、控制单元。进而介绍迈腾B8前大灯的组成及前照灯的灯光控制系统组成。归纳、绘制了迈腾B8的前大灯电路控制原理图,表述了相关的控制单元、用电设备、开关、继电器的关联。在迈腾B8的远光电路控制原理基础上,解释了LED前大灯的工作机理及近光、远光的电流路径。基于电流形成路径,总结了故障诊断时的电压、电阻检测条件、方法与结果。

强光背景下主动偏振成像方法

针对传统光电探测方法在强光背景下目标探测对比度低的问题,本文提出一种基于激光照明的主动偏振成像方法。首先构建激光入射双向反射分布模型、激光入射偏振双向反射分布模型以及激光照明的目标表面偏振度模型,并分析3种典型目标材料偏振特性与束散角之间的耦合关系。然后在暗室可控条件下开展逆光观测实验,验证目标偏振特性受激光束散角的影响。实验结果表明:强光背景下主动偏振成像目标对比度与传统被动强度成像相比提升了86.11%,不同束散角下不同目标材料的可见光偏振特性间存在差异,金属材质相对于非金属材质的线偏振度提升更高,实验结果与理论分析具有较好的一致性。最后,在室外开展太阳逆光观测实验,验证了研究方法在室外高强光、远距离下依旧具有适用性。本研究为提升强光背景下的目标精准感知能力奠定了理论基础。

基于空间光调制器的激光光束宽度调节装置

为了满足激光产业对光束宽度测量装置的溯源要求,提升激光光束宽度校准能力,针对400~700 nm波段的激光器不同光束宽度校准的需求,设计了一套基于空间光调制器的激光光束宽度可调节装置,用于光束质量分析仪或激光光斑测量仪的校准。实验结果表明该装置在0.1~5.0 mm的宽度范围连续可调;利用部分相干光束抗环境扰动能力强的特点,其短期稳定性达99.5%,长期稳定性达99.1%,优于参考激光器96.8%的短期稳定性和96.3%的长期稳定性。此外,基于空间光调制器优越的光束整形能力,该装置可将输入的非规则光束输出为高斯光束。

高斯光束圆孔衍射光强分布的解析解

本文从菲涅尔-基尔霍夫衍射公式出发,结合贝塞耳函数等特殊函数的性质,计算了正入射高斯光束圆孔衍射的光强分布,并以洛默尔函数的形式表示了焦点附近的光强分布.之后选取了几何焦平面、光轴以及几何阴影区域边界这三个特殊区域,理论结合数值方法给出了光强分布的解析表达式以及数值结果,并发现高斯光束束腰半径越小,艾里斑半径越大,同时焦深也越大.最后计算了焦平面上的光强积分强度,结果表明束腰半径越小,光强就越向中心集中.同时高斯光束相较于平面波的衍射,不会改变光强分布的整体轮廓,但会使得光强向焦点处集中.

光子晶体Micro LED微显示阵列加工及光学特性分析

Micro LED器件具有高亮度、低功耗和高可靠性等优点,但Micro LED显示像素巨量转移和光提取效率低的问题为其应用带来挑战。开发了具有高转移效率和出光效率的单片64×64 Micro LED微显示阵列,提出了倒装型GaN基单片Micro LED微显示阵列芯片和Si基驱动电路的设计方法及集成工艺。通过时域有限差分(FDTD)方法对Micro LED微显示阵列光学特性进行了建模分析,设计了一种提高Micro LED微显示阵列出光效率的光提取结构。结合仿真结果,开发了一种在Micro LED蓝宝石衬底表面制备光子晶体结构的聚焦离子束(FIB)微纳加工工艺,并进行了器件加工。测试结果表明,蓝宝石衬底上加工的光子晶体结构可以提高Micro LED器件的表面出光效率,光功率平均值提升了16.36%,对Micro LED微显示阵列加工及微显示像素光提取问题具有借鉴意义。

贝塞尔双光子光片显微镜在活体生物成像中的应用

双光子光片显微镜具有分辨率高、光漂白低等优势,在生物学领域有着广泛的应用。但由于照明光片厚度与长度之间的取舍矛盾问题,导致轴向分辨率和成像视场无法兼顾,因此在应用中受到限制。为了解决这一问题,本文采用液晶空间光调制器将普通高斯照明光束调制为贝塞尔光束,利用贝塞尔光束的“无衍射”特性实现了大且薄的光片照明,光片长度与厚度之比达到了163。在此基础上,设计并搭建了一套贝塞尔双光子光片显微镜,在310μm的视场范围内实现了横向440 nm、轴向1.9μm的三维高分辨率成像。本文成功实现了斑马鱼胚胎的活体成像,可以做到血液细胞流速的测量和脊柱骨细胞的分割计数,验证了贝塞尔双光子光片显微镜在活体生物成像中的应用潜力。

基于等离激元超表面的径向和角向偏振矢量光束的产生

为满足信息大容量和快速传输处理的需求,小型平面化集成光学器件正逐渐代替传统的大体积折射器件,可在亚波长尺度进行光波操控的超表面结构为微纳光子学器件设计和相关物理现象的研究提供了全新途径.该文设计了一种由正交纳米缝对组成的表面等离激元(surface plasmon polariton, SPP)超表面,实现了径向和角向偏振矢量涡旋光束的产生.利用惠更斯-菲涅尔原理从理论上推导出螺旋超表面中心区域的表面等离激元光场表达式,并利用时域有限差分法(FDTD)进行了模拟计算.实验搭建显微成像系统采集的SPP光强分布图样与FDTD模拟和理论计算结果吻合得很好,验证了利用该超表面获得径向和角向矢量涡旋光束的可行性.

Optimizing depth of field in 3D light-field display by analyzing and controlling light-beam divergence angle

A concept of divergence angle of light beams(DALB)is proposed to analyze the depth of field(DOF)of a 3D light-field display system.The mathematical model between DOF and DALB is established,and the conclusion that DOF and DALB are inversely proportional is drawn.To reduce DALB and generate clear depth perception,a triple composite aspheric lens structure with a viewing angle of 100°is designed and experimentally demonstrated.The DALB-constrained 3D light-field display system significantly improves the clarity of 3D images and also performs well in imaging at a 3D scene with a DOF over 30 cm.

某轻型客车防撞梁三点弯力学性能CAE分析与实物验证

文章针对某轻型客车的前防撞梁系统三点弯力学性能进行了深入分析,采用计算机辅助工程(CAE)技术基于详细几何建模和材料属性定义,构建了精确的防撞梁有限元模型,详细分析了防撞梁在不同加载条件下的应力分布、塑性变形区域以及能量吸收情况。提出了整车64公里高速碰撞条件下防撞梁本体不发生断裂,分解至防撞梁三点弯力学性能接受标准及防撞梁耐挤压力计算方法,仿真结果表明,防撞梁设计能够有效分散冲击力,减少对车身结构的损害。为了验证仿真结果的有效性,进行了物理三点弯曲试验,将实际测试数据与CAE分析结果进行了对比。实物测试结果显示,实测数据与仿真分析吻合良好,证明了所采用的CAE方法在预测防撞梁的力学性能方面具有高度的可信度,为优化设计和提高轻型客车的被动安全性提供了理论依据和实践指导。