RESEARCH ON THE ON-LINE MEASURING SYSTEM FOR THE MIDDLE-CONVEX AND VARYING ELLIPSE PISTON SKIRT

The middle convex and varying ellipse piston is th e key component of an internal combustion engine In general,the piston is mac hined by non circular section CNC lathe,but the measuring of piston profile is manipulated by off line Because the off line measuring reference is differen t from the machining reference,the measurement result is diverse from the act ual dimension A new method to measure the middle convex and varying ellipse p iston profile, which is known as on line measuring, is presented By using thi s kind of method,the high measurement accuracy can be gained,as well as meeting the production requirement.

Measurement of Plasma Parameters in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Using Si-Lines

The electron density and temperature of the laser induced silicon plasma were measured using two different methods. The plasma was produced via the interaction of high peak power Nd-YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm with a plane solid iron target contain small traces of silicon as an element of minor concentration. The lines from the Si I at 288.15 nm and Si II-ionic lines at 413.08 and 634.71 nm were utilized to evaluate the plasma parameters. The reference plasma parameters were measured utilizing the Hα-line at 656.27 nm appeared in the spectra under the same condition. The electron density was measured utilizing the Stark broadening of the silicon lines and the temperature from the standard Saha-Boltzmann plot method. The comparison between electron densities from different silicon lines to that from the Hα-line reveals that the Si I-line at 288.15 nm contain some optical thickness while the Si II-ionic lines were found to be free from this effect. The measurements were repeated at different delay times between the laser and the camera in the range from 1 - 5 μsec. The electron density was found decreases from 2 × 1018 down to 4 × 1017 cm–3. After correcting the spectral intensity at the Si I-line at 288.15 nm, the temperatures evaluated from the different methods were found in an excellent agreement and decreases from 1.25 down to 0.95 eV with delay time.

培美曲塞联合铂类一线治疗晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

背景与目的：晚期肺癌一线化疗有效率仅30%～40%，本研究旨在探讨培美曲塞联合铂类药物（卡铂或顺铂）治疗晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）的疗效及不良反应。方法：121例非鳞NSCLC患者，给予培美曲塞联合铂类化疗：培美曲塞500 mg/m2第1天，静脉滴注，卡铂300 mg/m2，第1天，静脉滴注，每3周重复；或培美曲塞500 mg/m2，第1天，静脉滴注，顺铂70 mg/m2，第1天，静脉滴注，每3周重复。上述方案连用2-6个周期，至少2个周期评价疗效。主要观察终点是疾病控制率（disease control rate，DCR），其次是中位无进展生存时间（progression-free survival，PFS）、1年生存率和安全性。结果：全组可评价疗效121例，完全缓解（complete response，CR）1例，部分缓解（partial response， PR）44例，病情稳定（stable disease，SD）50例，疾病进展（progressive disease，PD）26例，客观有效率（objective response rate，ORR）为37.2%（45/121），DCR为78.5%（95/121），PFS为5.2个月（95%CI：4.4~6.0个月），1年生存率为59.0%。其中培美曲塞联合卡铂组ORR为38.3%（23/60），DCR为78.3%（47/60）， PFS为5.1个月（95%CI：3.8~6.4个月），1年生存率55.2%；培美曲塞联合顺铂组ORR为36.1%（22/61），DCR为78.7%（48/61），PFS为6.2个月（95%CI：4.3~8.1个月），1年生存率为62.5%。两组之间的ORR、DCR、PFS和1年生存率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。主要不良反应为中性粒细胞和白细胞下降、乏力及胃肠道反应。结论：培美曲塞联合铂类药物一线治疗晚期非鳞NSCLC疗效确切，不良反应发生率低，耐受性较好。

培美曲塞联合顺铂一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的观察培美曲塞联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的疗效及安全性。方法80例经病理组织学或细胞学确诊的晚期NSCLC患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组40例,接受培美曲塞联合顺铂方案化疗,具体方案为培美曲塞500mg/m^2静滴,第1d,顺铂25mg/m^2第1~3d。对照组40例,接受多西他赛联合顺铂方案化疗,具体方案为多西他赛75mg/m^2静滴,第1d,顺铂25mg/m^2第1~3d。完成2个周期以上化疗评价疗效和不良反应。结果80例患者完全缓解(CR)4例,部分缓解(PR)32例,病情稳定(SD)29例,疾病进展(PD)15例。观察组客观有效率(ORR)为47.5%,疾病控制率(DCR)为82.5%,对照组ORR为42.5%,DCR为80%,两组相比差异无显著性(P>0.05)。不良反应发生率观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论培美曲塞联合顺铂方案一线治疗晚期NSCLC疗效确切,而不良反应发生率低,耐受性更好。

HYDROFORMING OF BIMETALLIC LINED PIPE

A new hydroforming process for manufacturing corrosion-resistant-alloy(CRA)-lined pipe is proposed to overcome the disadvantages in existing technologies, and a new kindof hydraulic expansion device for bimetallic CRA-lined pipe has been researched and developed. Itsoperational principal and technical characteristic is also introduced. The stress and strain in theliner and outer pipe during the hydroforming process have been analyzed and the mechanism ofhydraulic expansion method is studied theoretically. The final forming pressure formula is suggestedand the theoretical analysis is verified by experimental investigation. The results indicate thatthe new technology is feasible and can be applied in industrial production.

Observed Enhancement in LIBS Signals from Nano vs. Bulk ZnO Targets: Comparative Study of Plasma Parameters

In this article, we will report an experimental evidence of enhanced LIBS emission upon replacing a Bulk-Based ZnO target by the corresponding Nano-Based target. The plasma was initiated via interaction of a Nd:YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength with both targets in open air under the same experimental conditions. The measurements show an enhanced emission from the Zn I-lines at the wavelengths of 328.26, 330.29, 334.55, 468.06, 472.2, 481.01, 636.38 nm. The measurements were repeated at different delay times in the range from 1 to 5 μs at constant irradiation level and fixed gate time of 1 μs. The average enhancement over the different Zn I-lines was found increases exponentially up to 8-fold with delay time. The electron density to each plasma was measured utilizing the Hα-line appeared in the emitted spectra from each plasma and was found to give similar values. The electron temperatures were measured via Boltzmann plot method utilizing the relative intensities of the Zn I-lines and were found to give very close values. Moreover, the relative population density of the ground state of the zinc atoms (relative concentration) was measured spectroscopically utilizing the Boltzmann plot method and was found to increase in a very similar trend to that of enhancement. The results of the spectroscopic analysis conclude that these signal enhancements can be attributed to the higher concentration of neutral atoms in the Nano-Based material plasma with respect to the corresponding Bulk-based ZnO material.

Development of a Simple Software Program Used for Evaluation of Plasma Electron Density in LIBS Experiments via Spectral Line Shape Analysis

A Software program has been developed in order to perform a fast and reliable calculation to plasma electron density in laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) experiments. This program is based on analyzing the emitted spectral line shape via utilizing facilities of the MatLab7? package to perform this task. This software can perform the following tasks;read the exported data file (*txt-format) from ICCD camera-software, specify the working wavelength of interest, removes the continuum emission component appeared under the line, calculates the spectral line intensity of the line, calculates the spectral shift of the line from the tabulated values, correct against spectral shift jitter at the peak emission, de-convoluting and extracting the different components contributing to the emitted line full width at half of the maximum (FWHM) and finally calculates the plasma electron density. In this article we shall present the results of the test measurement of the plasma electron density utilizing spectral line shape analysis to the emitted Hα-line, Si I-line at 288.15 nm and O I-line at 777.2 nm at different camera delay times ranging from 1 to 5 μs.

Preparation and Electrode Performance of Ferrihydrites For Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Now LiCoO2 is the most widely used electrode material in commercial rechargeable lithium-based batteries; however, the toxicity of cobalt and the scarcity of cobalt sources, as well as the limited charge/discharge capacity（130-140 mA.h.g-1） of LiCoO2 electrode drive many efforts to develop various alternative electrode materials, including diverse transition metal oxides and their lithiated counterparts. Amongst them, iron oxides,

船体曲面组合理论和型线精光顺

型线光顺是船舶设计和建造的第一步,本文介绍新的船体曲合理论,通过对不同船体曲面的分离组合,根据曲率均匀变化的原则,结合有关软件,对船体关键点进行控制,简化和减少有关重复劳动,由此快速达到型线三维精光顺的目标。

Three-line Theorem on the Octonions

The three-line theorem on the octonions is obtained, which generalizes the result of J. Peetre and P. Sj?lin from the associative Clifford algebra to non-associative octonion algebra.

Approximation Algorithms for Solving the 1-Line Minimum Steiner Tree of Line Segments Problem

We address the 1-line minimum Steiner tree of line segments(1L-MStT-LS)problem.Specifically,given a set S of n disjoint line segments in R^(2),we are asked to find the location of a line l and a set E_(l) of necessary line segments(i.e.,edges)such that a graph consisting of all line segments in S ∪ E_(l) plus this line l,denoted by T_(l)=(S,l,E_(l)),becomes a Steiner tree,the objective is to minimize total length of edges in E_(l) among all such Steiner trees.Similarly,we are asked to find a set E_(0) of necessary edges such that a graph consisting of all line segments in S ∪ E_(0),denoted by T_(S)=(S,E_(0)),becomes a Steiner tree,the objective is to minimize total length of edges in E_(0) among all such Steiner trees,we refer to this new problem as the minimum Steiner tree of line segments(MStT-LS)problem.In addition,when two endpoints of each edge in Eo need to be located on two different line segments in S,respectively,we refer to that problem as the minimum spanning tree of line segments(MST-LS)problem.We obtain three main results:(1)Using technique of Voronoi diagram of line segments,we design an exact algorithm in time O(n log n)to solve the MST-LS problem;(2)we show that the algorithm designed in(1)is a 1.214-approximation algorithm to solve the MStT-LS problem;(3)using the combination of the algorithm designed in(1)as a subroutine for many times,a technique of finding linear facility location and a key lemma proved by techniques of computational geometry,we present a 1.214-approximation algorithm in time O(n^(3) log n)to solve the 1L-MStT-LS problem.

Monocular camera and 3D lidar joint calibration

Joint calibration of sensors is an important prerequisite in intelligent driving scene retrieval and recognition. A simple and efficient solution is proposed for solving the problem of automatic joint calibration registration between the monocular camera and the 16-line lidar. The study is divided into two parts: single-sensor independent calibration and multi-sensor joint registration, in which the selected objective world is used. The system associates the lidar coordinates with the camera coordinates. The lidar and the camera are used to obtain the normal vectors of the calibration plate and the point cloud data representing the calibration plate by the appropriate algorithm. Iterated closest points(ICP) is the method used for the iterative refinement of the registration.