Impacts of agri-food e-commerce on traditional wholesale industry:Evidence from China

Rapidly expanding studies investigate the effects of e-commerce on company operations in the retail market.However,the interaction between agri-food e-commerce(AEC)and the traditional agri-food wholesale industry(AWI)has not received enough attention in the existing literature.Based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020 in China,this paper examines the effect of AEC on AWI,comprising three dimensions:digitalization(DIGITAL),agrifood e-commerce infrastructure and supporting services(AECI),and agri-food e-commerce economy(AECE).First,AWI and AEC are measured using an entropy-based combination of indicators.The results indicate that for China as a whole,AWI has remained practically unchanged,whereas AEC exhibits a significant rising trend.Second,the findings of the fixed-effect regression reveal that DIGITAL and AECE tend to raise AWI,whereas AECI negatively affects AWI.Third,threshold regression results indicate that AECI tends to diminish AWI with three-stage inhibitory intensity,which manifests as a first increase and then a drop in the inhibition degree.These results suggest that with the introduction of e-commerce for agricultural product circulation,digital development will have catfish effects that tend to stimulate the vitality of the conventional wholesale industry and promote technical progress.Furthermore,the traditional wholesale industry benefits financially from e-commerce even while it diverts part of the traditional wholesale circulation for agricultural products.

Thoughts on Accelerating the Construction of First-Class Undergraduate Majors:Taking Finance as an Example

This article analyzes the path to constructing first-class undergraduate majors in finance,using the finance major as a case study.Through analysis,it aims to offer reference and inspiration for enhancing the quality of finance education in China and supporting the healthy development of the financial industry.The article begins by examining the current status of finance majors,followed by an analysis of the necessity for establishing first-class undergraduate programs.Finally,it provides a detailed exploration of the specific methods for building such programs in finance.The findings indicate that accelerating the construction of first-class undergraduate finance majors is a long-term and challenging task that requires the combined efforts of the government,universities,industry,and various social sectors.Through comprehensive and innovative reforms in areas such as training objectives and positioning,curriculum development,teaching teams,and practical instruction,the quality and level of finance education can be effectively elevated,thereby cultivating more high-caliber financial professionals who meet the demands of the times.

Construction and Practice of First-Class Courses on Virtual Simulation Experimental Teaching of Urban Overpasses

Virtual simulation experiment,as a new way to promote the digital transformation of education,has a broad development prospect and application value.The civil engineering experimental volume and space are huge,it has a long construction period,is highly dangerous,and is difficult to experiment with.In order to solve the contradiction between the traditional theory teaching of civil engineering and the engineering training of students,the construction of virtual simulation experimental teaching courses with a high degree of realism,intuition,and accuracy can be used as a useful supplement and innovation of experimental and practical teaching.This paper takes the virtual simulation experimental teaching course of urban overpasses as an example,introduces the necessity and practicability of the course construction,and describes the experimental principle structure of the course,the simulation scene design,the experimental teaching process,the experimental method,etc.The course has achieved good application results,and it has been recognized as the first-class virtual simulation teaching course of the Chongqing Municipal Government,which provides certain references to the construction of the same type of courses in the civil engineering profession.

Optimizing University Faculty Teams: Addressing the Talent Mobility Challenges in the Context of “Double First-Class” Initiative

With the advancement of the“Double First-Class”initiative,universities are increasingly focusing on attracting top-tier talent to enhance faculty quality and strengthen academic disciplines.The blind competition for high-end talent among universities reflects an overshadowing of academic values by economic considerations,neglecting the growth patterns of top talent and the development laws of higher education.This study investigates and reflects on the real-world challenges of faculty mobility in universities,aiming to provide effective guidance for managing university faculty teams.

Review of Food Safety Supervision for the Wholesale Market of Chinese Agricultural Products

With the continuous improvement of living standards, there is an increasingly concerned about food quality and safety issues. Especially in recent years,food safety incidents, breaking out frequently, have become the focus of people＇s attention, putting forward new demands on the regulation of food safety. This paper reviewed the Food Safety Supervision in China from food safety supervision mode,regulatory system defects and circulation supervision system, and also proposed the future research trends of food safety regulations for the wholesale market of Chinese agricultural products.

Food safety inspection and the adoption of traceability in aquatic wholesale markets: A game-theoretic model and empirical evidence

Supply chain traceability is key to reduce food safety risks,since it allows problems to be traced to their sources. Moreover,it allows regulatory agencies to understand where risk is introduced into the supply chain,and offers a major disincentive for upstream agricultural businesses engaging in economically motivated adulteration. This paper focuses on the aquatic supply chain in China,and seeks to understand the adoption of traceability both through an analytical model,and empirical analysis based on data collected through an extensive (largest ever) field survey of Chinese aquatic wholesale markets. The field survey includes 76 managers and 753 vendors,covering all aquatic wholesale markets in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces. The analytical and empirical results suggest that the adoption of traceability among wholesale market vendors is significantly associated with inspection intensity,their individual history of food safety problems,and their risk awareness. The effect of inspection intensity on traceability adoption is stronger in markets which are privately owned than in markets with state/collective ownership. The analysis offers insights into the current state of traceability in China. More importantly,it suggests several hypothesized factors that might affect the adoption of traceability and could be leveraged by regulatory organizations to improve it.

Spillover of international crude oil prices on China's refined oil wholesale prices and price forecasting:Daily-frequency data of private enterprises and local refineries

Compared with retail prices of state-owned companies used in almost all existing studies,China’s refined oil wholesale prices of private enterprises and local refineries are more affected by the market and better reflect the real supply-demand situation.For the first time,this paper applies own-monitored dailyfrequency wholesale prices of China’s private enterprises and local refineries during 2013-2020 to derive spillover effects of international crude oil prices on China’s refined oil prices through the VAR-BEKKGARCH(vector autoregression-Baba,Engle,Kraft,and Kroner-generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity)model,and then tries to forecast wholesale prices through the PCA-BP(principal component analysis-back propagation)neural network model.Results show that international crude oil prices have significant mean spillover and volatility spillover effects on China’s refined oil wholesale prices.Changes in crude oil prices are the Granger cause of changes in refined oil wholesale prices.With the improvement of China’s oil-pricing mechanism in 2016,the volatility spillover from the international crude oil market to China’s refined oil market gradually increases,and the BRENT price variation has an increasing impact on the refined oil wholesale price variation.The PCA-BP model could serve as a candidate tool for forecasting China’s refined oil wholesale prices.

How to establish a first-class international scientific journal in China?

Hundreds of scientific journals are published in China. However, only scores of them are included in Science Citation Index by the Institute for Scientific Information, with impact factors of only 1 or less. Thus, how to establish a first-class international scientific journal in China is an important but difficult topic that deserves extensive exploration. World Journal of Gastroenterology (WJG) sets a good example although it has experienced setbacks on the road towards success. Concepts and pursuits that affirm the overall development direction, innovation and dreams that provide impetus and aspiration for higher objectives, team work and unique pattern that assure excellent quality and service, and culture and environment that also determine the speed and direction of the development, are believed to be the major factors contributing to the success of WJG. It is recommended that the effective resolution to the above issue is to learn from Chinese examples such as WJG rather than from “how foreign journals do”.

A Group-Based Fingerprinting Scheme for Digital Wholesale and Retail

Prior group-based fingerprinting achieves better detection performance when colluders are from the same group. But in digital wholesale and needs to be identified retail, the middleman as well as customers especially against group colluding attack. The group tracing is neglected in previous works. In this paper, we propose a novel multimedia group fingerprint to trace malicious middlemen along with customers. We explore the quality of the non degenerate linear shift register sequence （NDLSRS） which is convenient in group initialization and management. The theoretic analysis and simulation experiment results show that NDLSRS has good resistance against attacks from colluding groups/ members even after its volume expanded.

Exploration and Research on the Construction of First-class Undergraduate Major of Architecture:A Case Study on Xi'an University of Science and Technology

With the decision of the Ministry of Education to fully implement the“Six Excellence and One Top-notch”plan 2.0 and launch the“Double Ten-thousand Plan”for the construction of first-class undergraduate majors,colleges and universities across the country have fully launched the construction of first-class undergraduate majors.The architecture major of Xi’an University of Science and Technology has achieved certain results in deepening the comprehensive reform of the major,strengthening the construction of teaching staff and grass-roots teaching organizations,and enhancing the construction of the professional teaching quality assurance system.The quality of graduate training and external evaluation have achieved good results by integrating into the teaching system of special courses,improving the high-level talent training system,taking the construction of“new engineering”as an opportunity,promoting education and teaching reform,relying on the platform of discipline advantages,and building a multi-level practical teaching system.

Investing and Pricing with Supply Uncertainty in Electricity Market:A General View Combining Wholesale and Retail Market

Renewable energy,such as wind and solar energy,may vary signifi cantly over time and locations depending on the weather and the climate conditions.This leads to the supply uncertainty in the electricity(power) market with renewable energy integrated to power grid.In this paper,electricity in the market is classified into two types:stablesupply electricity(SSE) and unstablesupply electricity(USE).We investigate the investment and pricing strategies under the electricity supply uncertainty in wholesale and retail electricity market.In particular,our model combines the wholesale and retail market and capture the dominant players,i.e.,consumers,power plant(power operator),and electricity supplier.To derive the market behaviors of these players,we formulate the market decision problems as a multistage Stackelberg game.By solving the game model,we obtain the optimal,with closedform,wholesale investment and retail pricing strategy for the operator.We also obtain the energy supplier's best price mechanism numerically under certain assumption.We fi nd the price of SSE being about 1.4 times higher than that of USE will benefi t energy supplieroptimally,under which power plant's optimal strategy of investing is to purchase USE about 4.5 times much more than SSE.

Evaluation on Core Competitiveness of Wholesale Market of Agricultural Products Based on CWAA Operator

According to relevant data,we select five indices,namely management ability,organization and management capability,enterprise culture,development ability and technical equipment ability,to establish the index system of core competitiveness of wholesale market of agricultural products.Based on combination weight arithmetic average(CWAA) operator,we advance an evaluation model of core competitiveness of wholesale market of agricultural products which involves participation of many people.By inviting five exerts,we conduct evaluation in terms of management ability of wholesale market of agricultural products,organization and management capability of leadership,enterprise culture of wholesale market of agricultural products,future development ability of wholesale market of agricultural products,and exiting technical equipment ability of wholesale market of agricultural products.We adopt hundred-mark system to grade and evaluate core competitiveness of wholesale market of agricultural products.The results show that the experts’ evaluation score of core competitiveness of wholesale market of agricultural products is high.The evaluation result is reasonable and authentic and this model is feasible.

Construction Ideas of Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation First-class Undergraduate Course Based on Online and Offline Blended Teaching

In order to combine the advantages of online teaching and traditional offline classroom teaching,this paper optimizes the teaching design by taking Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation for undergraduates as the carrier,and reconstructs the course according to five parts:basic theory course,practical training course,standardized patient,case report,and course evaluation.Through analyzing the classroom quality and teaching effect,the innovation and practical effect of course reconstruction are explored.With students as the main body and goals as the guide,this model gives full play to the initiative and creativity of students,meets the individual needs of students at different levels,and provides reference ideas for improving the advanced,innovative and challenging creation of the course.

Zoo Fashion Wholesale Market; Doota Fashion Wholesale Market; Beijing; Seoul

Taking two nation-wide famous fashion wholesale markets for case study, i.e. Zoo Market in Beijing and Doota Market in Seoul,a comparative study is carried out on the fashion wholesale markets of Beijing and Seoul. The history, general situation,surrounding environments and characteristics of the markets in the two cities are introduced and analyzed. The sameness anddifferences are compared. Suggestions are put forward to Beijing fashion wholesale market according to the disadvantagescompared with Seoul.

Build an International Teaching Resource Construction System and Practice International Talent Training in the Context of “Double First-class” ——Take the School of Software of Northwestern Polytechnical University Case as an Example

From the perspective of the development of world-class universities,internationalization is an essential strategic choice and external feature,and also an inevitable choice to improve the discourse power and competitiveness of international higher education.In line with the national“double first-class”international development strategy of higher education,based on the cultivation of students’overall quality,the improvement of teachers’professional ability,and the development of school’s improvement of quality and efficiency,we School of Software,Northwestern Polytechnical University,explore new ideas and new measures for the cultivation of international software engineering talents,build a set of international teaching resources construction system,to form a reference standard and scheme for the cultivation of international software engineering talents.At present,we have achieved excellent results.

Research on the Curriculum System of Software Engineering under the Background of“Double First-Class”Construction

To build the top class of higher education by focusing on the goal of the“Double First-Class”,it needs to analyze the defect and deficiency and identify the demand for the training of the talent under the background of“Double First-Class”.Considering of those issues,it is suggested that building the curriculum system scientifically and rationally in following aspects:deepening the training objectives,professionalizing the structure and contents of the curriculum system,optimizing the content,enhancing the construction of practical education system and internationalizing the curriculum system.Also,with those aspects,a reference is provided for the cultivation of talents with innovative consciousness and ability to solve complex engineering problems under the background of the“Double First-Class”construction.

Construction of University Librarian Team in the Context of Double First-Class Initiative

Data services,knowledge services,and information services are the core service elements of university libraries in the context of the Double First-Class Initiative.Combined with the current situation of insufficient overall service capacity of libraries,this paper proposed strategies and implementation paths for optimizing the service system from three aspects:the construction of the professional qualification system for librarians,the establishment of post institutions,and the construction of library culture.Long-term path:putting library human resource management into the legal track,taking the lead in local legislation,and promoting the construction of library legislation and professional qualification certification system;optimizing the personnel system,implementing hierarchical management and classified assessment for professional librarians and auxiliary librarians.Short-term path:intensive post allocation,namely,assigning the core strength in the core post,and tackling the temporary major work combining multiple forces in the form of a"working group";building an open knowledge service ecosystem,accelerate the cross-border integration of libraries and other organizations,and striving to build the core competitiveness of libraries.

Should State Capital Withdraw from Competitive Sectors?——An Analysis Based on the Efficiency of SOEs in the Wholesale Sector

That SOEs are inefficient is still a consensus in most economic literature. However, in recent studies, more and more arguments are made in favor of the efficiency of SOEs, yet existing empirical studies are mostly based on production industry data as samples. On the basis of adopting distribution samples and conducting a cross-sector comparison between the production industry and the distribution sector, this paper offers a multi-perspective empirical assessment on the efficiency of SOEs. Through the analysis of major JTnancial indicators and adopting the Data Envelopment Analysis-Malmquist index for total factor productivity comparison, we find that SOEs generally do not have any disadvantage in efficiency and their superior efficiency is particularly pronounced in the distribution sector as compared with production industry. Moreover, the high share and high efficiency of state capital in the wholesale sector needs particular attention. This paper employs case studies to reveal the positive correlation between the assets-heavy operation of state-owned wholesale firms and their profitability. The implications are as follows： policymakers must deliberate prudently before deciding to withdraw or increase state capital in various sectors; in the wholesale sector where state capital is more efficient, the functions of state capital can be bolstered by increasing its presence in the sector,＂ the notion that state capital must be withdrawn from competitive sectors cannot be adopted likely, nor should the benefits of asset-light operation be exaggerated.

Research on Striving for Double First-Class Universities

The construction of“double first-class”universities is the strategic goal of the development of Chinese universities in the new period.On the basis of fully researching the domestic“double first-class”talent training model,this paper builds a new type of talent training model with Chinese characteristics suitable for the“double first-class”development requirements through reference,digestion,comparison and integration,hoping to further improve universities Quality of teaching.

Adhering to Opening and Innovation,Building A First-Class Yangzhou

Located in central Jiangsu Prov- ince,Yangzhou is situated north of the Yangtze River and south of the Huai River.The Beijing- Hangzhou Grand Canal runs down from the north,right through the center of Yangzhou,and continues due south.