Research on Modern Nonlinear Dynamic Model of Five-Elements Theory

This article studied on five elements system and set general and strict model expectations combining with Traditional Chinese Medicine Zang-fu organs theory,in which absolute stable state,conditional stable state or transient stability and instability in mathematical models were corresponding to human healthy state,sub-healthy state(pathological plateau phase) and health deterioration state respectively.Model parameters were set up according to the mutual generation and restriction relations among five elements.The dynamic model of Five-Elements System was built,of which impulse responses were corresponding to human response under TCM treatment.Analyses of initial value and excitation response were conducted by numerical simulation and results turned out to meet the requirements of general model expectation:five elements system dynamic model had self-organization function;there existed only one non-global stable point and instability region in the five-dimensional space consisting of variables,in which instability was corresponding to pathological deterioration;system stable region was an unbounded domain and it included the stable sub-regions of special straight line-type,ray-type and line segment-type.Among those ray-types,some contained "Regression Peak" were classed as conditional stable regions while others as absolute ones.The existence of this peak indicates that our body must exceed a "Regression Threshold" when transiting from sub-healthy state(pathological plateau phase) to healthy state through self-regulation mechanism.Impulse excitation can reduce certain threshold and then increase the system health level,which is complied with the operating principle of Five-Elements System and the empirical rule of TCM clinical practice.This model has revealed qualitatively the inherent movement law of Five-Elements System and thus provides a new analysis tool for basic theoretical study on TCM.

Application of five-element music therapy in pain coping skills training in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Objective:The objective of this study is to assess the application effect of five elements music therapy introduced in the pain coping skills training of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Materials and Methods:Totally,80 patients with KOA were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group(39 cases)and the control group(41 cases).The control group was only given routine nursing measures,and the experimental group was additionally treated with five-element music therapy on the basis of the control group,twice a day,28 days in total.The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)was used to evaluate the functional status of the knee joint of the two groups.The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated by Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.Results:WOMAC score statistically significantly decreased in the experimental group(35.92±9.48 vs.16.17±5.43,P<0.01)and the control group(36.73±6.42 vs.22.53±7.51,P<0.01)after 28 days of intervention when compared with that before intervention;WOMAC score in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group after 28 days of intervention(16.17±5.43 vs.22.53±7.51,P<0.01).The total effective rate of the experimental group was statistically higher than that of the control group(82.0%vs.51.2%,χ2=11.97,P=0.003).Conclusion:The combination of five-element music therapy and routine nursing measures has better effect in relieving pain and bad emotions of patients with KOA when compared with routine nursing measures alone.

Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Five-element Music Combined with Acupoint Application on Perioperative Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Joint Replacement Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) five-element music combined with acupoint application on perioperative sleep quality in patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. METHODS: In this study, a total of 122 patients with joint replacement surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were targeted from 2015 to 2018. All patients were grouped by random number table method. Among them, 61 patients with routine nursing were included in the control group. On this basis, the other 61 patients with acupoint application and TCM five-element music therapy were included as the observation group. 2 weeks later, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality in all patients. The sleep improvement of the 2 groups was evaluated, and the patient was assessed for anxiety and depression, and the curative efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: After 2 weeks of nursing, the PSQI of the patients improved significantly. The PSQI of the observation group was only 6.6 ± 2.4, and the control group decreased to 9.9 ± 2.7. The observation group was better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Comparing the 2 groups, the anxiety score of the observation group decreased to 4.8 ± 1.6, which was significantly lower than that of 6.9 ± 2.2 in the control group. The depression score of the observation group decreased to 4.6 ± 1.3, which was significantly lower than that of 6.8 ± 2.3 in the control group. In the control group, the negative emotion scores after nursing were better than those before nursing, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Comparing the 2 groups, the effective rate of sleep improvement in the observation group was 96.6%, and the cure rate was as high as 49.1%. The control group was 82.0%, and the cure rate was 18.0%. The observation group was better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of TCM five-element music with acupoint application can improve the perioperative sleep quality of patients undergoing joint replacement surgery, and it can help patients to relieve negative emotions. It is worth promoting.

Study of Gong tone matching to five colors based on event-related potential

Objective:To investigate the neural mechanism of Gong tone matching to the five colors.Methods:The experiment was designed using event-related potential technique,following the S1 →S2 paradigm,and dividing into two arms according to the Gong tone being played in harmonics or open strings.For each arm,S1 was the playing of the Gong tone,followed by S2,where subjects,based on their first reaction,were required to make a yes/no judgement to whether the tone matches to a randomly-picked color out of the five colors.During this process,the event-related potentials were recorded.Results:Gong tone played in harmonics,most participants matched it with black and cyan;while in the open strings arm,most matched it with black.The average amplitudes of P300 at PZ,FZ,and CZ points were compared.For the Gong tone played in harmonics,there was a significant difference between those who matched it with black and those who did otherwise (P <.01).There was also a significant difference between those who matched it with cyan and those who did otherwise (P <.01).For the open strings arm,there was a significant difference between those who matched it with black and those who did otherwise (P <.01).Conclusion:Our comparison of the average amplitudes of P300 suggests a commonality in the neural mechanism underlying categorical thinking that is not fundamentally altered by playing style.However,behavioral theory suggests that playing style does have an influence on categorization.The Gong tone can be matched with any of the five colors,which accords with the thought of central Earth in the five-element theory.This provides evidence of the similarity within five elements correspondences existing alongside the indirect matching between five tones and five colors.

Application of Improved SPA Method in the Comprehensive Assessment of Groundwater Environment Quality:A Case Study of Jinjiang, Fujian Province

This paper applied the set pair analysis with improved five-element connection degree to assess shallow groundwater quality of Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, and used map to show the spatial distribution. The assessment results showed that most groundwater in the district was in the grade I and II, i.e. the overall groundwater environment in this area was favorable; groundwater of grade III(poorer level) was mainly distributed in Dongshi Town in the coastal region, and the total area was smaller. Major out-of-limit factors are TDS, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and chloride, therefore, industrial and agricultural development, human activities and seawater invasion were major causes for the aggravation of water quality.

Application of Chinese five-tone melodies combined with acupoint massage in reducing anxiety and depression levels of elderly

Background:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chinese five-tone melodies combined with acupoint massage on anxiety and depression in elderly in Nursing home.Methods:The intervention music for 22 elderly participants was selected according to the different traditional Chinese medicine evidence types,and the music therapy combined with acupoint massage therapy.The clinical intervention lasted for a total of 8 weeks.Participants were assessed with the Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety and the Geriatric Depression Scale in pre and post-intervention.Results:The Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety and Geriatric Depression Scale scores of the elderly were significantly lower after the intervention compared to the pre-intervention period(P<0.01).Conclusion:The five-element music combined with acupoint massage therapy has a significant clinical effect in reducing the level of anxiety and depression in the elderly in Nursing homes.

Effects of Chinese Medicine Five-Element Music on the Quality of Life for Advanced Cancer Patients:A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives： To evaluate the effects of the Chinese medicine （CM） five-element music on quality of life for senior and non-senior advanced cancer patients. Methods： With a randomized controlled trial, 170 advanced cancer patients were randomly assigned to three groups： the CM five-element music group （68 patients）, the Western music therapy group （68 cases）, and the no music therapy group （34 cases）. All patients of 70 years old or older were considered seniors and the remaining patients younger than 70 years were considered non- seniors. Patients in the CM five-element music group listened to CM five-element music, the patients in the Western music group listened to Western music, and the patients in the no music group did not listen to music. A course of treatment was 3 weeks, with 30 rain each day, 5 days a week. The Hospice Quality of Life Index- Revised （HQOLI-R） and Karnofsky performance score （KPS） were measured in the three groups before and after treatment. The symptom diary score was measured in the three groups every 3 days, 7 times in total. Results： CM five-element music group showed a significant difference of HQOLI-R, KPS and symptom diary score with other groups （all P〈0.01）. There were significant differences of HQOLI-R, symptom diary score, and KPS after treatment in CM five-element music group and other groups in the non-senior subgroup （P〈0.05）. Additionally, there were significant differences in HQOLI-R and KPS after treatment among the three groups in the senior subgroup （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： CM five-element music therapy could improve the quality of life and KPS for senior and non senior advanced cancer patients, and it could improve subjective symptoms for non-senior advanced cancer patients.

Effects of five-element music therapy on elderly people with seasonal affective disorder in a Chinese nursing home

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of five-element music therapy on elderly patients with seasonal affective disorder in a Chinese nursing home.METHODS: The patients(n=50) were recruited from a Shijingshan district nursing home in Beijing,China. They were randomly assigned to two groups, a treatment group and a control group,with 25 participants in each group. The patients received music therapy for 1-2 h each week over an8-week period. The music therapy involved four phases: introduction, activities, listening to the Chinese five-element music, and a concluding phase.The participants in the control group did not listen to the five-element music. This study consisted of two parts:(a) a qualitative study that used focus groups to understand the feelings of the patients with seasonal affective disorder;(b) a quantitative study that involved administration of the self-rating depression scale(SDS) and Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) before and after treatment.RESULTS:(a) Qualitative analysis results: strength derived from the five-element group music therapy and emotional adjustment. The five-element group music therapy can reduce patients' psychological distress and let them feel inner peace and enhance their life satisfaction.(b) No significant difference in SDS and HAMD scores was found between the two groups(P>0.05) prior to treatment. After treatment,the mean SDS score of the control group was 49.9±18.8, while the treatment group's score was 40.2±18.1. The HAMD score of the control group was11.2±3.1, and the treatment group's score was 8.8±4.9. Following 8 weeks of music therapy, the SDS and HAMD scores of the treatment group were significantly lower than those for the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Five-element music therapy alleviated the symptoms of seasonal affective disorder in the elderly patients.

Globus hystericus co-treated with acupuncture and five-element music therapy

In order to mutually regulate mental and physical conditions, the authors adopted acupuncture in combination with five-element music therapy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for 1 case of globus hystericus. Bǎihui(百会 GV 20),Hégǔ(合谷 LI 4)、Zhōngwǎn(中脘 CV 12).Qìhǎi(气海 CV 6) et al. were needled once every other day and music of Zhi tone was played for the patient. A further study is needed for the application of this therapeutic method.

Mathematical Analysis of Yin-Yang Wu-Xing Model in TCM

According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, the functional structure of human body is composed of five functional subsystems which are based on the five-organs concept, and the relationship between them could be expatiated with Wu-Xing （Five-Elements） theory. Wu-Xing system is taken as our research object. The dynamic model has the characteristic of self-organization. There is only one stable point with local stability in the five-dimensional space. There exists an instability domain in the five-dimensional space. The stability domain is unbounded; it contains some special subdomains, including rectilineal subdomains, ray subdomains and line subdomains. In some ray subdomains, there exists ＂comeback summits＂, the peak value of the comeback summit is comeback threshold. The existence of the comeback threshold means that, if the human body wants to go back to the healthy state from a certain special state which corresponded to the initial conditions located in a domain with comeback summit, it has to get across the comeback threshold. The comeback threshold is the division of the healthy state and the sub-healthy state. Some research work is done to investigate the response of the Wu-Xing dynamic model to the impact stimulation, and results in the decrease of the system＇s comeback threshold. There are 3 manners to achieve this goal, and they tally with the principle of the Wu-Xing system and the experimental rules in clinic.

One Yin-Yang Wu-Xing Model of TCM

Although Yin-Yang Wu-Xing （Yin-Yang and Five-Elements, subsystems of human body） has been the theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） for more than 5 000 years, it has been primarily analytical or empirical in nature without a formal scientific foundation. Based on bipolar set theory, an equilibrium/non-equilibrium computational model of Yin-Yang Wu-Xing is proposed. The Yin-Yang Wu-Xing dynamical systems are formulated so that equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions can be established and proved. Computer simulations of equilibrium and non-equilibrium processes show that this new approach can provide diagnostic decision support in TCM. Thus, this equilibrium-based approach provides a unique scientific basis for future research in TCM, Qi （vital energy）, QiGong, Meridians and Collaterals （acupuncture channels） and herbal treatment. On the other hand, it provides a basic Yin-Yang cellular network architecture for modem scientific research in genomics such that regulation mechanisms of the ubiquitous YY1 protein for cell processes can be explained.

Effect and Mechanisms of Gong-Tone Music on the Immunological Function in Rats with Liver(Gan)-Qi Depression and Spleen(Pi)-Qi Deficiency Syndrome in Rats

Objective： To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Gong-tone music on the immunological function in rats with the Chinese medicine syndrome of Liver （Gan）-qi stagnation and Spleen （Pi）-qi deficiency （LSSD）. Methods： Twenty five male Wistar rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into 5 groups： normal group, model group, Xiaoyao Powder （逍遥散） group, Gong-tone group and combined group （the combination of Gong-tone and Xiaoyao Powder）, with 5 rats in each group. The rat model for the Chinese medicine syndrome of LSSD was induced by chronic bandage and irregular diet. The course of treatment was 21 days. After the treatment, the levels of serum gastrin and IgG were detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay （ELISA）. Phagocytosis of macrophages was detected by the neutral red uptake assay and T cell proliferation was investigated by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazolyl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Results： The serum gastrin, macrophage phagocytosis, IgG level and proliferation ability of T cells in the model group were significantly decreased compared with those in the normal group （P〈0.05）. Compared with those in the model group, the serum levels of gastrin, macrophage phagocytosis, IgG level and proliferation ability of T cells in Gong-tone, Xiaoyao Powder, and combined groups were significantly increased （P〈0.05）. The combined group was superior to either Gong-tone group or Xiaoyao Powder group. Conclusion： Gong-tone music may upregulate the immunological function and play a role in adjuvant therapy in the Chinese syndrome of LSSD.

New Understanding of the Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) plays an important role in the medical system used in health care and treatment of diseases.This article reviews the basic theory of TCM based on its formation and contributions.Two new personal points are proposed as follows:Six Zang(六脏) theory and deemphasization of the five-element theory.The basic theory of Chinese herbs is also discussed.

Case of post-stroke depression

By adopting the psychosomatic therapy, the author treated 1 case of post-stroke depression through applying traditional acupuncture, acupoint injection combined with TCM five-element music therapy. After treatment, the neurological functions of the patient obviously recovered, Hamilton Depression（HAMD）Scale（17 items） score reduced, the levels of tumor necrosis factor and hypersensitive C-reactive protein both declined, and all the indicators were improved significantly, indicating that the curative effect of acupuncture combined with TCM five-element music therapy on this PSD patient was significant, and this treatment method was worthy of further exploration.