Fixed-Time Consensus-Based Nash Equilibrium Seeking

Dear Editor,This letter examines the fixed-time stability of the Nash equilibrium(NE)in non-cooperative games.We propose a consensus-based NE seeking algorithm for situations where players do not have perfect information and communicate via a topology graph.The proposed algorithm can achieve NE in a fixed time that does not depend on initial conditions and can be adjusted in advance.

Secure Tracking Control via Fixed-Time Convergent Reinforcement Learning for a UAV CPS

Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with the secure tracking control problem in the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) system by fixed-time convergent reinforcement learning(RL). By virtue of the zero-sum game,the false data injection(FDI) attacker and secure controller are viewed as game players.

Effect of the Particle Packing Configuration on Fixed Bed Performance

Fixed-bed reactors are generally considered the optimal choice for numerous multi-phase catalytic reactions due to their excellent performance and stability.However,conventional fixed beds often encounter challenges related to inadequate mass transfer and a high pressure drop caused by the non-uniform void fraction distribution.To enhance the overall performance of fixed beds,the impact of different packing configurations on performance was investigated.Experimental and simulation methods were used to investigate the fluid flow and mass transfer performances of various packed beds under different flow rates.It was found that structured beds exhibited a significantly lower pressure drop per unit length than conventional packed beds.Furthermore,the packing configurations had a critical role in improving the overall performance of fixed beds.Specifically,structured packed beds,particularly the H-2 packing configuration,effectively reduced the pressure drop per unit length and improved the mass transfer efficiency.The H-2 packing configuration consisted of two parallel strips of particles in each layer,with strips arranged perpendicularly between adjacent layers,and the spacing between the strips varied from layer to layer.

Construction of Value-Creation Oriented Carbon Assets Management System of Oil Companies

As climate change draws more attention globally,the development of low-carbon economy has become an inevitable choice for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The increasingly strict control of carbon emission is making carbon emission rights a scarce resource and endowing the rights with the attributes of assets and commodities.China has announced the goal of“carbon emission peaking before 2030 and carbon neutralization before 2060”.Responding to this goal,as major carbon emitters,oil companies play the role of a driving force for green and low-carbon development.Carbon assets management is a key path for oil companies to achieve emission reduction goals and low-carbon transformation.However,the carbon assets management of China’s oil companies is still in the initial stage,with the system and regulations not yet sound,and the management process not yet closed loop.First the modes and experiences of carbon assets management in major international oil companies is introduced.Then the objective logical relationship and linkage laws between carbon assets management and enterprise value creation are comprehensively analyzed by integrating the basic theories of economics and management.On this basis,a value-creation oriented carbon assets management system for oil companies is constructed,mainly covering aspects such as enterprise strategy,control mechanisms,carbon inventory,and management modes.

SHAANXI'S KEY PROJECTS FOR FIXED ASSETS INVESTMENT DURING THE NINTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN

During the Eighth Five-Year Planperiod, Shaanxi Province intensifiedthe restructuring of investment andmacro-control in fixed assets investment byimplementing the policy of "limiting totalamount, readjusting structure, rectifying orderand improving efficiency". The wholeprovince realized RMB 110 billion in fixedassets investment, (including RMB 86.5 billionby state-owned units, RMB 14.23 billionthrough loans from the construction bank,making up 16.5 percent), RMB 67 billionmore than in the Seventh Five-Year Planperiod, with an annual increase of 26.5 percent.Thanks to the support, a group of medium-to-large and key projects have been put

An Empirical Study of the Relationship between the Fixed Assets Investment and Urban-rural Income Gap during the Transition Period

As the gap in income between urban and rural residents bigger and bigger,based on the data from 1978 to 2007,this paper makes an empirical study of the dynamic relation between the fixed assets investment and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. The outcome from the study indicates a long-term balance exists between the investment rate of the fixed assets and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. A short-term deviation from the balance can be adjusted through long time. To a certain extent,city-oriented fixed assets investment policy is the main cause of the big gap in income between urban and rural residents. The big gap in income between urban and rural residents in turn reinforces their social status,thus further strengthening the city-oriented instead of countryside-oriented fixed assets investment policy. Based on that,this paper puts forward some suggestions on adjusting the fixed assets investment policy so as to shorten the difference in income between urban and rural residents and realize the goal of harmonious development between city and countryside.

A Study on Investment Structure of Fixed Assets and Regional Economic Growth

Nowadays,it has been in the period of rapidly developing China’s economy.Since the financial crisis in 2008,China has paid more and more attention to investing in fixed assets,and the growth rate of investing in fixed asset is also rising.However,when promoting regional economic growth,if we only pay attention to the total amount of fixed asset investment,there will inevitably exist some blindness and lack of sustainability.Therefore,the study between the investment structure of fixed assets and regional economic growth is quite important.China has a vast territory and many regions.The investment structure of fixed assets in different regions is also different,so the influence on economic growth is also different.This paper analyzes the investment structure of fixed assets and regional economic growth,and help realize the rapid growth of regional economy by recognizing the current situation of China's investment structure of fixed assets.

Relay-Switching-Based Fixed-Time Tracking Controller for Nonholonomic State-Constrained Systems:Design and Experiment

Dear Editor,This letter investigates the fixed-time trajectory tracking controller design for nonholonomic chained systems with static state constraints.Firstly,a fixed-time tracking control law is given to carry out relay switching,which divides the controller development process into two stages.

Vision-Based Fixed-Time Uncooperative Aerial Target Tracking for UAV

Dear Editor,In this letter,a vision-based fixed-time control is proposed for an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)with actuator saturation to track an uncooperative target.The fixed-time control is designed in backstepping framework.The relative states between UAV and the target are not directly measured,and are estimated by an onboard monocular camera.

Factors Influencing Employees on Compliance with Cybersecurity Policies and Their Implications for Protection of Information and Technology Assets in Saudi Arabia

In the current digital era, it is difficult to preserve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of an organization’s information and technology assets against cyber attacks. Organizations cannot rely solely on technical solutions for defense, since many cyber attacks attempt to exploit non-technical vulnerabilities such as how well employees comply with the organization’s cybersecurity policies. This study surveyed 245 randomly selected employees of government organizations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with an electronically distributed questionnaire about factors that influence employees’ compliance with cybersecurity policies. The study found that ethical factors had the most influence on employee compliance with cybersecurity policies, followed in decreasing order of influence by legislative factors, technical factors, and administrative factors.

Liquid-phase esterification of methacrylic acid with methanol catalyzed by cation-exchange resin in a fixed bed reactor:Experimental and kinetic studies

The kinetic behavior of esterification between methacrylic acid and methanol catalyzed by NKC-9 resin was studied in a fixed bed reactor.The reaction was conducted in the temperature range of 323.15 to 368.15 K with the molar ratio of reactants from 0.8 to 1.4 under certain pressure.The measurement data were regression with the pseudo-homogeneous(P-H),Eley-Rideal(E-R),and Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)heterogeneous kinetic models.Independent adsorption experiments were implemented to gain the adsorption equilibrium constants of four components.Among the above three models,the L-H model exhibited the best fitting results.The stability of NKC-9 was evaluated by long-term running with the yield of methyl methacrylate no decrease during 3000 h operation.The structure and physicochemical properties of the new and used catalyst were performed by several characterizations including thermogravimetric analysis(TG),scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and so on.

Efficacy and safety of latanoprost/timolol fixed combination dosed twice daily compared to once daily in patients with primary open angle glaucoma

AIM:To evaluate whether latanoprost/timolol fixed combination(LTFC)dosed twice daily may provide further intraocular pressure(IOP)reduction and evaluate the safety profile at this dose.METHODS:This is an open-labeled,randomized,prospective crossover study on fourty primary open angle glaucoma patients.Two weeks of washout period were followed by randomization to either once daily(OD,group A)or twice daily dosing(BD,group B)of LTFC for 4wk.After another 2-week washout period,the patients’treatment dose was crossed-over for another 4wk.IOP reduction alongside ocular and systemic side effects were evaluated.RESULTS:Mean baseline IOP was 18.57±2.93 and 17.8±3.01 mm Hg before OD and BD dose respectively,(P=0.27).Mean IOP after BD dose was statistically lower(12.49±1.59 mm Hg)compared to OD(13.48±1.81 mm Hg,P=0.017).Although IOP reduction after BD dose was more(5.32±3.24 mm Hg,29.89%)than after OD dosing(5.04 mm Hg,27.14%),it did not reach statistical significance(P=0.68).Patients switched from OD to BD(group A)showed mean IOP reduction by 0.69 mm Hg[95%confidence interval(CI):-0.09 to 1.48 mm Hg,P=0.078];but patients switched from BD to OD(group B)had significantly higher mean IOP by 1.25 mm Hg(95%CI:-2.04 to-0.46 mm Hg,P=0.006).BD dose had more ocular side effects albeit mild.CONCLUSION:Mean IOP after LTFC dosed twice daily is statistically lower,with additional mild side effects.

A fixed point theorem for Proinov mappings with a contractive iterate

In this paper,we consider the fixed point theorem for Proinov mappings with a contractive iterate at a point.In other words,we combine and unify the basic approaches of Proinov and Sehgal in the framework of the complete metric spaces.We consider examples to illustrate the validity of the obtained result.

Adsorption dynamics of ethane from air in structured fixed beds with different microfibrous composites

Adsorption dynamics of ethane in two granular fixed beds and structured fixed beds with microfibrous composites was studied.5A zeolite membrane 5A/PSSF(paper-like sintered stainless steel fiber)and microfibrous entrapped activated carbon(MEAC)composites were prepared by wet layup papermaking/sintering technique and in-situ hydrothermal method.Microfibrous composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorption/desorption.Structured fixed beds were designed by filling granular adsorbents(5A zeolite or activated carbon)and microfibrous composites at the inlet and outlet of the beds,respectively.Effects of flow rate,bed height and structure on the breakthrough curves were investigated.The length of unused bed(LUB)was determined,and Yoon–Nelson model was used to fit the breakthrough curves.The experimental results showed ethane was effectively adsorbed on the granular adsorbents and microfibrous composites.Both composites could decrease the LUB values and enhance bed utilization.All breakthrough curves fitted well to Yoon–Nelson model,with correlation coefficient exceeding 0.89.The adsorption rate of ethane could be improved in the structured fixed beds,which showed an enhanced mass transfer efficiency for ethane adsorption.LUB values of structured fixed beds with 5A/PSSF composites were larger,the bed utilization values were lower,and the adsorption rate constants were higher than those with MEAC composites under the same conditions.

An Iterative Method for Split Variational Inclusion Problem and Split Fixed Point Problem for Averaged Mappings

In this paper, we use resolvent operator technology to construct a viscosity approximate algorithm to approximate a common solution of split variational inclusion problem and split fixed point problem for an averaged mapping in real Hilbert spaces. Further, we prove that the sequences generated by the proposed iterative method converge strongly to a common solution of split variational inclusion problem and split fixed point problem for averaged mappings which is also the unique solution of the variational inequality problem. The results presented here improve and extend the corresponding results in this area.

Voluntary national standards for classification and codes of assets released

The Standardization Administration of China(SAC)has published a newly revised voluntary national standard,GB/T 14885-2022,Basic classification and codes of fixed assets and other assets.Supported by SAC and organized by the Ministry of Finance,it took 3 years to complete the revision of GB/T 14885,which adopted the opinions of all sectors of society and industry administrative departments.

Research on Carbon Assets Management of Energy Group

Nowadays,the carbon markets in the world have increasingly matured and carbon trading have flourished in China.In the framework of carbon trading,the carbon emission right has become a tradable special commodity,and it has financial feature and asset feature.Relying on the business entities,carbon assets management joins up the virtual carbon emission right,financial capital and real economy,restructures existing carbon resources of enterprises and impacts the current international economic pattern.At present,however,the carbon assets management systems and market rules of our country remains to be perfect.How to increase the efficiency of carbon asset management,how to further improve the carbon management,how to further improve the carbon asset management method and mechanism have become the common issue of China’s academia and practice.