The aim of this study was to synthesize zinc borate using zinc oxide, reference boric acid, and reference zinc borate （reference ZB） as the seed, and to investigate the effects of modifying agents and reaction param...The aim of this study was to synthesize zinc borate using zinc oxide, reference boric acid, and reference zinc borate （reference ZB） as the seed, and to investigate the effects of modifying agents and reaction parameters on the hydrophobicity and yield, respectively. The reaction parameters include reaction time （1-5 h）, reactant ratio （H3BO3/ZnO by mass： 2-5）, seed ratio （seed crystal/（H3BO3＋ZnO） by mass： 0-2wt%）, reaction temperature （50-120~C）, cooling temperature （10-80~C）, and stirring rate （400-700 r/min）; the modifying agents involve propylene glycol （PG, 0-6wt%）, kerosene （lwt%-6wt%）, and oleic acid （OA, lwt%-6wt%） with solvents （isopropyl alcohol （IPA）, ethanol, and methanol）. The results of reaction yield obtained from either magnetically or mechanically stirred systems were compared. Zinc borate produced was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, and contact angle tests to identify the hydrophobicity. In conclusion, zinc borate is synthesized successfully under the optimized reaction conditions, and the different modifying agents with various solvents affect the hydrophobicity of zinc borate.展开更多
Zinc borate(ZB)particles dispersed in silicone oil(SO)at concentrations of φ=5vol%-20vol% were subjected to dielectric analysis to elucidate their polarization strength,time,and mechanism.Results revealed that all vi...Zinc borate(ZB)particles dispersed in silicone oil(SO)at concentrations of φ=5vol%-20vol% were subjected to dielectric analysis to elucidate their polarization strength,time,and mechanism.Results revealed that all virgin dispersions lacked polarization.Triton X-100,a non-ionic surfactant,was added to ZB/SO dispersions to enhance the polarizability of ZB particles.The addition of 1vol% Triton X-100 enhanced the polarizability of ZB/SO dispersions,and the 15vol% ZB/SO system provided the highest dielectric difference Δε′(the difference in ε′values at zero and infinite frequency,Δε′=ε0–ε∝)of 3.64.The electrorheological(ER)activities of the ZB/SO/Triton-X dispersion system were determined through the ER response test,and viscoelastic behaviors were investigated via oscillation tests.A recoverable deformation of 36% under an applied electrical field strength of 1.5 kV/mm was detected through creep and creep recovery tests.展开更多
Zinc borate （ZB） was synthesized using zinc oxide, boric acid synthesized from colemanite, and reference ZB as seed. The effects of reaction parameters such as reaction time, reactant ratio, and seed ratio on its yi...Zinc borate （ZB） was synthesized using zinc oxide, boric acid synthesized from colemanite, and reference ZB as seed. The effects of reaction parameters such as reaction time, reactant ratio, and seed ratio on its yield were examined. Then, the effects of palm oil with solvents （isopropyl alcohol （IPA）, ethanol, and methanol） added to the reaction on its hydrophobicity were explored. Reactions were carried out under determined reaction conditions with magnetically and mechanically stirred systems. The produced ZB was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and measurements of contact angle identified hydrophobicity. The results showed that hydrophobic ZB was successfully produced under determined reaction conditions. The change of process parameters influenced its yield and the usage of palm oil provided hydrophobicity.展开更多
Layer-Structure lithium zinc borate, LiZnBO3, is prepared by a solid state reaction of LiOH·H2O, ZnO, and H3BO3 at 1000°C for 10 h. Highly preferred orientation and a layer-structure are observed in the powd...Layer-Structure lithium zinc borate, LiZnBO3, is prepared by a solid state reaction of LiOH·H2O, ZnO, and H3BO3 at 1000°C for 10 h. Highly preferred orientation and a layer-structure are observed in the powder XRD patterns and the SEM images, respectively. The Rietveld analysis indicates a monoclinic unit cell with space group C2/c, and the lattice parameters are refined as a = 8.827 ?, b = 5.078 ?, c = 6.171 ?, and β = 118.86°. LiZnBO3 shows the capacity of 17 mAh/g between 1.3 V and 4.3 V (vs. Li/Li+) larger than ZnO.展开更多
Glass sample of Zinc Lithium Bismuth Borate (25-x) Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:20Li<sub>2</sub>O:20ZnO:35B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:xPr<sub>6</sub&g...Glass sample of Zinc Lithium Bismuth Borate (25-x) Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:20Li<sub>2</sub>O:20ZnO:35B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:xPr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>, (where x = 1, 1.5 and 2 mol%) has been prepared by melt-quenching technique. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The absorption spectra of three Pr<sup>3+</sup> doped zinc lithium bismuth borate glasses have been recorded at room temperature. The observed optical spectra are discussed in terms of energy states and the intensity of the transitions. The various interaction parameters like Slater-Condon, Lande, bonding and Racah parameters have been computed. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters and laser parameters have also been calculated. The stimulated emission cross section (σ<sub>p</sub>) for the transition (<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub> → <sup>3</sup>F<sub>2</sub>) is found to be in the range 3.12 - 10.43 * 10<sup>-20</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>. The σ<sub>p</sub> values are comparatively large suggesting the possible utilization of these materials in laser applications.展开更多
Zinc-ion batteries are under current research focus because of their uniqueness in low cost and high safety.However,the pursuing of high-performance cathode materials of aqueous Zinc ion batteries(AZBs)with low cost,h...Zinc-ion batteries are under current research focus because of their uniqueness in low cost and high safety.However,the pursuing of high-performance cathode materials of aqueous Zinc ion batteries(AZBs)with low cost,high energy density and long cycle life has become the key problem to be solved.Herein we synthesized a series of amorphous nickel borate(AM-NiBO)nanosheets by varying corrosion time with in-situ electrochemical corrosion method.The AM-NiBO-T13 as electrode material possesses a high areal capacity of 0.65 m Ah/cm^(2) with the capacity retention of 95.1%after 2000 cycles.In addition,the assembled AM-NiBO-T13//Zn provides high energy density(0.77 m Wh/cm^(2) at 1.76 m W/cm^(2)).The high areal capacity and better cycling performance can be owing to the amorphous nanosheets structure and the stable coordination characteristics of boron and oxygen in borate materials.It shows that amorphous nickel borate nanosheets have great prospects in the field of energy storage.展开更多
In order to sensitize the luminescence of Eu3+ ions in heavy metal glass,zinc lead borate glass samples containing various concentrations of Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions were prepared to study the Tb3+ to Eu3+ non-radiative ene...In order to sensitize the luminescence of Eu3+ ions in heavy metal glass,zinc lead borate glass samples containing various concentrations of Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions were prepared to study the Tb3+ to Eu3+ non-radiative energy transfer phenomena.Energy level structures of Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions were plotted to show the excitation and energy transfer routes.Efficient energy transfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+ was observed and studied qualitatively in terms of doping concentrations.The sensitization turned out to be less effective than expected.Further studies to characterize the oxidation of Tb3+ into tetravalent state and to examine the mechanism of energy transfer are proposed.展开更多
文摘The aim of this study was to synthesize zinc borate using zinc oxide, reference boric acid, and reference zinc borate （reference ZB） as the seed, and to investigate the effects of modifying agents and reaction parameters on the hydrophobicity and yield, respectively. The reaction parameters include reaction time （1-5 h）, reactant ratio （H3BO3/ZnO by mass： 2-5）, seed ratio （seed crystal/（H3BO3＋ZnO） by mass： 0-2wt%）, reaction temperature （50-120~C）, cooling temperature （10-80~C）, and stirring rate （400-700 r/min）; the modifying agents involve propylene glycol （PG, 0-6wt%）, kerosene （lwt%-6wt%）, and oleic acid （OA, lwt%-6wt%） with solvents （isopropyl alcohol （IPA）, ethanol, and methanol）. The results of reaction yield obtained from either magnetically or mechanically stirred systems were compared. Zinc borate produced was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, and contact angle tests to identify the hydrophobicity. In conclusion, zinc borate is synthesized successfully under the optimized reaction conditions, and the different modifying agents with various solvents affect the hydrophobicity of zinc borate.
基金Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council for the financial support of this work (Project No: 112T811)
文摘Zinc borate(ZB)particles dispersed in silicone oil(SO)at concentrations of φ=5vol%-20vol% were subjected to dielectric analysis to elucidate their polarization strength,time,and mechanism.Results revealed that all virgin dispersions lacked polarization.Triton X-100,a non-ionic surfactant,was added to ZB/SO dispersions to enhance the polarizability of ZB particles.The addition of 1vol% Triton X-100 enhanced the polarizability of ZB/SO dispersions,and the 15vol% ZB/SO system provided the highest dielectric difference Δε′(the difference in ε′values at zero and infinite frequency,Δε′=ε0–ε∝)of 3.64.The electrorheological(ER)activities of the ZB/SO/Triton-X dispersion system were determined through the ER response test,and viscoelastic behaviors were investigated via oscillation tests.A recoverable deformation of 36% under an applied electrical field strength of 1.5 kV/mm was detected through creep and creep recovery tests.
文摘Zinc borate （ZB） was synthesized using zinc oxide, boric acid synthesized from colemanite, and reference ZB as seed. The effects of reaction parameters such as reaction time, reactant ratio, and seed ratio on its yield were examined. Then, the effects of palm oil with solvents （isopropyl alcohol （IPA）, ethanol, and methanol） added to the reaction on its hydrophobicity were explored. Reactions were carried out under determined reaction conditions with magnetically and mechanically stirred systems. The produced ZB was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and measurements of contact angle identified hydrophobicity. The results showed that hydrophobic ZB was successfully produced under determined reaction conditions. The change of process parameters influenced its yield and the usage of palm oil provided hydrophobicity.
文摘Layer-Structure lithium zinc borate, LiZnBO3, is prepared by a solid state reaction of LiOH·H2O, ZnO, and H3BO3 at 1000°C for 10 h. Highly preferred orientation and a layer-structure are observed in the powder XRD patterns and the SEM images, respectively. The Rietveld analysis indicates a monoclinic unit cell with space group C2/c, and the lattice parameters are refined as a = 8.827 ?, b = 5.078 ?, c = 6.171 ?, and β = 118.86°. LiZnBO3 shows the capacity of 17 mAh/g between 1.3 V and 4.3 V (vs. Li/Li+) larger than ZnO.
文摘Glass sample of Zinc Lithium Bismuth Borate (25-x) Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:20Li<sub>2</sub>O:20ZnO:35B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:xPr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>, (where x = 1, 1.5 and 2 mol%) has been prepared by melt-quenching technique. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The absorption spectra of three Pr<sup>3+</sup> doped zinc lithium bismuth borate glasses have been recorded at room temperature. The observed optical spectra are discussed in terms of energy states and the intensity of the transitions. The various interaction parameters like Slater-Condon, Lande, bonding and Racah parameters have been computed. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters and laser parameters have also been calculated. The stimulated emission cross section (σ<sub>p</sub>) for the transition (<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub> → <sup>3</sup>F<sub>2</sub>) is found to be in the range 3.12 - 10.43 * 10<sup>-20</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>. The σ<sub>p</sub> values are comparatively large suggesting the possible utilization of these materials in laser applications.
基金supported by the Independent Cultivation Program of Innovation Team of Ji’nan City(No.2019GXRC011)。
文摘Zinc-ion batteries are under current research focus because of their uniqueness in low cost and high safety.However,the pursuing of high-performance cathode materials of aqueous Zinc ion batteries(AZBs)with low cost,high energy density and long cycle life has become the key problem to be solved.Herein we synthesized a series of amorphous nickel borate(AM-NiBO)nanosheets by varying corrosion time with in-situ electrochemical corrosion method.The AM-NiBO-T13 as electrode material possesses a high areal capacity of 0.65 m Ah/cm^(2) with the capacity retention of 95.1%after 2000 cycles.In addition,the assembled AM-NiBO-T13//Zn provides high energy density(0.77 m Wh/cm^(2) at 1.76 m W/cm^(2)).The high areal capacity and better cycling performance can be owing to the amorphous nanosheets structure and the stable coordination characteristics of boron and oxygen in borate materials.It shows that amorphous nickel borate nanosheets have great prospects in the field of energy storage.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10704090,10774140 and 11011120083)the Knowledge Innovation Project of The Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX2-YW-M1)+1 种基金Special Foundation for Talents of Anhui Province,China (2007Z021)Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (2010BB4403)
文摘In order to sensitize the luminescence of Eu3+ ions in heavy metal glass,zinc lead borate glass samples containing various concentrations of Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions were prepared to study the Tb3+ to Eu3+ non-radiative energy transfer phenomena.Energy level structures of Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions were plotted to show the excitation and energy transfer routes.Efficient energy transfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+ was observed and studied qualitatively in terms of doping concentrations.The sensitization turned out to be less effective than expected.Further studies to characterize the oxidation of Tb3+ into tetravalent state and to examine the mechanism of energy transfer are proposed.
