In the early 20th century,the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered complementary,and the type of work they would do should fit their Review of Women’s Employment in Greece in the 20th and Ear...In the early 20th century,the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered complementary,and the type of work they would do should fit their Review of Women’s Employment in Greece in the 20th and Early 21st Centuries gender stereotypes.Therefore,they were low-paid workers and employees,and they were the first to be laid off.Despite the fact that the number of Greek women participating in the labor market has increased,many of them were obliged to work due to the high rate of men’s unemployment since there was no other way to sustain the living level of the household(Alpha Bank,2018).Greek women’s participation in the labor market was accompanied by an increase in flexible types of employment along with the pay gap between men and women,which remained persistent due to the existence of discrimination.展开更多
Labor shortages caused by an aging population and falling fertility present an obstacle to China’s modernization drive.Since the limited labor resources take time to increase,employee-sharing as a collaborative and i...Labor shortages caused by an aging population and falling fertility present an obstacle to China’s modernization drive.Since the limited labor resources take time to increase,employee-sharing as a collaborative and innovative mode of employment represents a novel strategy for addressing the sharp declines in the working-age population and labor supply.Based on the theories of the sharing economy,gig economy,and skills economy,this paper develops a systematic framework for employee-sharing and explains its significance for the country,employers,and individuals in light of flexible employment and employee-sharing practices.At the national level,we advocate transforming the identity of employees from“corporate assets”to“social assets”,their labor relationship from“dependence on employers”to“independent social members”,and their teams from“corporate governance”to“labor union governance”.At the corporate level,we recommend that businesses streamline fixed-term workforce and transform themselves into platform-connected social entities.At the individual level,we establish a basic framework for employee-sharing to expand employee income sources and improve the social protection system,and elaborate on its significance for the country,employers,and individuals.The employee-sharing mechanism can be adopted step by step by resolving issues such as employee labor contract termination and management of shared employees.This gradualist strategy seeks to create a mode of employee-sharing that is feasible and in line with current trends for the benefit of the country,employers,and employees,and to contribute a Chinese solution and perspective to the global question of labor recruitment.展开更多
文摘In the early 20th century,the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered complementary,and the type of work they would do should fit their Review of Women’s Employment in Greece in the 20th and Early 21st Centuries gender stereotypes.Therefore,they were low-paid workers and employees,and they were the first to be laid off.Despite the fact that the number of Greek women participating in the labor market has increased,many of them were obliged to work due to the high rate of men’s unemployment since there was no other way to sustain the living level of the household(Alpha Bank,2018).Greek women’s participation in the labor market was accompanied by an increase in flexible types of employment along with the pay gap between men and women,which remained persistent due to the existence of discrimination.
基金sponsored by the research project conducted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS)on behalf of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions(ACFTU)under the subject of“Study on the Innovation,Entrepreneurship and Development of Chinese Industrial Workers in the New Era”.
文摘Labor shortages caused by an aging population and falling fertility present an obstacle to China’s modernization drive.Since the limited labor resources take time to increase,employee-sharing as a collaborative and innovative mode of employment represents a novel strategy for addressing the sharp declines in the working-age population and labor supply.Based on the theories of the sharing economy,gig economy,and skills economy,this paper develops a systematic framework for employee-sharing and explains its significance for the country,employers,and individuals in light of flexible employment and employee-sharing practices.At the national level,we advocate transforming the identity of employees from“corporate assets”to“social assets”,their labor relationship from“dependence on employers”to“independent social members”,and their teams from“corporate governance”to“labor union governance”.At the corporate level,we recommend that businesses streamline fixed-term workforce and transform themselves into platform-connected social entities.At the individual level,we establish a basic framework for employee-sharing to expand employee income sources and improve the social protection system,and elaborate on its significance for the country,employers,and individuals.The employee-sharing mechanism can be adopted step by step by resolving issues such as employee labor contract termination and management of shared employees.This gradualist strategy seeks to create a mode of employee-sharing that is feasible and in line with current trends for the benefit of the country,employers,and employees,and to contribute a Chinese solution and perspective to the global question of labor recruitment.
