Comparative studies on phosphate ore flotation collectors prepared by hogwash oil from different regions

In order to compare the differences between variations of phosphate ore flotation collectors prepared by hogwash oils, JZQ-F collectors were prepared by the hydrolysis method using four types of hogwash oils from different regions in China. The components of the hogwash oils were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FIIR) spectra analysis, while the components of the JZQ-F were determined through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS). The flotation effects of the JZQ-F collectors were investigated by flotation experiments and the adsorption characteristics were determined through the quartz crystal microbalance(QCM-D). Results show that the JZQ-F collector from the Ordos area has 27.43% unsaturated fatty acids. JZQ-F collectors from Beijing, Qingdao, and Dongguan areas contain over 62% of unsaturated fatty acids, which can acquire phosphorous concentrates with a the grade of P_2O_5 above 31.96% and the recovery higher than 91.52%. These three collectors have a larger adsorption capacity, faster adsorption rate, and stronger adsorption structure on apatite surface, which contributed to a good adsorption performance and a favorable flotation effect.

Structure-activity relationships of oxime compounds as flotation collectors by DFT calculations

The relationships between the structure of oxime compounds(R^(1)R^(2)C=NOH,R^(1)/R^(2)=alkyl groups) with different substituents and their corresponding flotation performances were studied. The analyses of density functional theory(DFT) calculations illustrated that the introduced phenyl group at the R^(1) position could enhance the acidity,while the heptyl group could effectively increase the hydrophobicity and benefit van der Waals interactions. Meanwhile,the introduced amino group at the R^(2) position could provide cationic sites to interact with negatively charged surfaces of minerals, while the introduced hydroxyl group could provide additional action sites to form stable chelates with metal ions. Based on the structure-activity relationships, structural optimization was carried out to obtain three efficient collectors, which possessed superior flotation separation performances, proving the effectiveness of the structural modification to oxime compounds in this work.

STUDIES ON THE FROTH CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPOSITE COLLECTORS IN NONMETALLIC MINERAL FLOTATION

The flotation results of a phosphate ore are improved by replacing the conventional collectors of fatty acids with composite collectors. The synergistic effect on the froth characteristics in systems using composite collectors has then been studied, and the concept of 'mixed hemimicellae' has been proposed in the adsorption of composite collectors at the air/solution interfaces.

Flotation performance of a novel Gemini collector for kaolinite at low temperature

How to sustainably produce bauxite by effective reverse froth flotation of kaolinite at low temperature is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of mineral processing.In this work,a novel amino-based Gemini surfactant butadiyl-1,4-bis(dimethyl dodecylammonium bromide)(BBDB) was prepared and first utilized as a novel collector for kaolinite flotation.Its flotation performance for kaolinite was compared with that of the common monomolecular surfactant 1-dodecylamine(DDA) by micro-flotation tests.The tests results indicated that 95% kaolinite recovery was obtained using 2.0×10^(-4) mol/L BBDB at 25℃ which was half of the dosage when DDA obtained the maximum kaolinite recovery of81%.At extremely low temperature(0℃),3.0×10^(-4) mol/L BBDB could still collect 91% kaolinite,while DDA showed a frustrating ability.The contact angle tests indicated that BBDB could still significantly improve the hydrophobicity of the kaolinite surface(contact angle 71.7°) than DDA(contact angle only25.8°) at 0℃.The Krafft point comparison tests indicated that BBDB had a much lower Krafft point(below0℃) than DDA.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)-spectrum analysis and zeta potential measurements showed that BBDB was physically adsorbed on the surface of kaolinite through electrostatic interaction.

Effect of galvanic contact on the flotability of galena in the presence and absence of a collector

In this paper,the effect of various electrochemical environments in the galena flotation is investigated.The electrochemical environments consisted of a ball mill for grinding of galena ore and a Denver flotation cell for flotation of galena in the laboratory scale.In order to achieve the maximum recovery with sodium hyposulfite,the concentrations of 0.06 and 0.12 M of air and nitrogen gases have been used to control the pulp potential in the Denver flotation cell.The galena sample was from the ''Era mine'' which is located in the Kiyasar area,north of Iran.This mine contains:Galena(PbS) at least 22%,Fluorite(CaF 2) 73.37%,Quartz(SiO 2) 2.54% and other minerals such as Cerussite(PbCO 3) and Kaolinite(Al 2 Si 2 O 5(OH) 4).Flotation of Galena was conducted in a 0.12 M of sodium hyposulfite solution.It was found that the amount of recovery by this process was 85% and 63% in the presence and absence of potassium amyl xanthate(KAX) and at an estimated potential of 280 to 350 mV respectively while the recovery was 70% and 52% at an approximate potential of 175 to 210 mV in water in the presence and absence of collector(KAX).

Flotation performance and adsorption mechanism of styrene phosphonic acid as a collector to synthetic(Ce,La)2O3

The flotation performances of styrene phosphonic acid（SPA） to synthetic（Ce,La）2O3（REO）, calcium fluorite（CaF2） and fluorapatite（Ca5F（PO4）3） were investigated by flotation tests, flotation of synthetic mixed mineral, the surface adsorption capacity and the polarizing microscopy to solve the flotation separation problem of rare earth oxides from roasted concentrate. The flotation test results indicated that compared with CaF2 and Ca5F（PO4）3, SPA exhibited superior collecting performance to direct flotation recovery of REO and floated out above 90% REO at pH 3–6. However, the collecting ability of SPA to CaF2 and Ca5F（PO4）3 was extremely weak and the highest recovery was only 20% at pH 2–11. The flotation of synthetic mixed mineral showed that SPA was a good collector reagent for flotation of synthetic REO at pH 5, so REO, CaF2 and Ca5F（PO4）3 could be separated from roasted concentrate by using SPA as a collector. The surface adsorption capacity tests and polarizing microscopy results confirmed that SPA was adsorbed on REO surface, while CaF2 and Ca5F（PO4）3 were not. The adsorption mechanism of SPA to synthetic REO was studied by solution chemistry analysis of collector, the ζ-potential tests, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） analyses. The results indicated that SPA was physically adsorbed onto REO surface, which exhibited excellent flotation selectivity to REO against CaF2 and Ca5F（PO4）3.