PROMOTER FLOW ACTION OF SOLID-STATE LOW MELT POINT METAL ON THE POLYPROPYLENE

With the aid of a slip-disentanglemnt theory, a rheological equation has been deduced about the composite system of solid-state low melting point metal and polymer. By measuring some rheological properties of the composite system composed of low melt point metal and polypropylene (LMPM/PP), the results show that LMPM has a promoter flow action upon PP when using a small amount of LMPM and, if some coupled agents are added, the promoter flow action will be remarkable. Moreover, while LMPM being added into the composite, the temperature sensitivity of system will go rip. This indicates that the system's viscosity will drop further if its temperature is increased.

Generalized Mean-Flow Theory of Wave-Current-BottomInteractions

The interaction between waves, currents and bottoms in estuarine and coastal regions is ubiquitious, in particular the dynamic mechanism of waves on large-scale slowly varying currents. The wave action concept may be extended and applicated to the study of the mechanism. Considering the effects of moving bottoms and starting from the Navier-Stokes equation of motion of a vinous fluid including the Coriolis force, a generalized mean-flow medel theory for the nearshore region, that is, a set of mean-flow equations and their generalized wave action equation involving the three new kinds of actions termed respectively as the current wave action, the bottom wave action and the dissipative wave action which can be applied to arbitrary depth over moving bottoms and ambient currents with a typical vertical structure, is developed by vertical integration and time-averaglng over a wave peried, thus extending the classical concept, wave action, from the ideal averaged flow conservative system to the real averaged flow dissipative dynamical system, and having a large range of application.

Vertical Migration of Fine-Grained Sediments from Interior to Surface of Seabed Driven by Seepage Flows–‘Sub-Bottom Sediment Pump Action'

A scientific hypothesis is proposed and preliminarily verified in this paper: under the driving of seepage flows, there might be a vertical migration of fine-grained soil particles from interior to surface of seabed, which is defined as ‘sub-bottom sediment pump action' in this paper. Field experiments were performed twice on the intertidal flat of the Yellow River delta to study this process via both trapping the pumped materials and recording the pore pressures in the substrate. Experimental results are quite interesting as we did observe yellow slurry which is mainly composed of fine-grained soil particles appearing on the seabed surface; seepage gradients were also detected in the intertidal flat, under the action of tides and small wind waves. Preliminary conclusions are that ‘sediment pump' occurs when seepage force exceeds a certain threshold: firstly, it is big enough to disconnect the soil particles from the soil skeleton; secondly, the degree of seabed fluidization or bioturbation is big enough to provide preferred paths for the detached materials to migrate upwards. Then they would be firstly pumped from interior to the surface of seabed and then easily re-suspended into overlying water column. Influential factors of ‘sediment pump' are determined as hydrodynamics(wave energy), degree of consolidation, index of bioturbation(permeability) and content of fine-grained materials(sedimentary age). This new perspective of ‘sediment pump' may provide some implications for the mechanism interpretation of several unclear geological phenomena in the Yellow River delta area.

基于阻力规律视角的水流能态区辨识

高、低水流能态区形成条件不同,其识别对于预测动床阻力具有重要意义。基于量纲一阻力方程推导了一个新的高、低水流能态区判别函数,包含悬浮数和水流作用数2个量纲一参数,提出了能态转变角和能态转移路径的概念,从流动阻力角度重新审视了水流能态区分问题。通过国内外4176组水槽和野外实测数据对该函数进行率定,确定了高、低能态区的临界方程。研究结果表明:该方法低能态区预测精度约为91%,高能态区约为85%,综合精度约为89%;在细沙河流中,随着水温的降低,更易发生水流低能态向高能态的转变。本文建立的判别函数不仅可高精度识别水流能态区,还可分析水温对能态区过渡的影响。

压裂液连续混配石油设备液压系统分析与优化

压裂液连续混配常规采用阀前负载敏感液压系统作为其液压动力系统,由于混配施工工艺不断改良细化,在大扭矩工况下多马达复合动作,液压系统流量饱和情况下流量优先向轻载分配。为解决这一问题,优选阀后负载敏感液压系统,在流量供给不足情况下,同比减少各负载流量供给,实现马达同步动作。基于AMESim仿真软件,分别搭建连续混配设备阀前及阀后负载敏感液压系统仿真模型,得到泵与马达压力、流量及功率变化曲线。仿真结果表明:阀后负载敏感系统中,负载敏感泵输出功率始终与负载所需功率相匹配;系统流量充足时,泵输出流量始终随着系统所需流量的变化而变化;系统流量不足时,阀后负载敏感阀可以实现流量共享,各马达负载同步动作。实验结果表明:仿真与实验数据差距小于3%,阀后负载敏感系统可以按照阀口开度比例分配各路负载流量,实现各负载平稳动作。

LUDV多路阀复合动作流量分配影响因素分析

以某阀后补偿流量共享型多路换向阀为对象,在不饱和流量状态下分析了复合动作中补偿阀芯的压力补偿功能,探明了补偿阀芯的补偿压力随负载动态变化的特性。通过分析不同过流面积下主阀芯和补偿阀芯对各动作流量的影响,提出了考虑补偿阀芯最小开口与主阀芯过流面积影响下的复合动作流量随负载变化理论计算公式。并通过多路阀复合动作试验进行了验证,通过误差分析确立了其具有一定准确性,为实际应用中多路阀流量分配设计提供了理论依据。

Action演算中动作内部数据流分析方法及其实现

针对Action演算的分子形式,提出分子语法结构树等概念,并且给出基于分子语法结构树的一个动作内部数据流分析方法及其实现.为深入研究Action演算的性质和应用提供了分析手段.

考虑变荷载与非达西渗流的软土一维非线性固结分析

为研究变荷载作用下软土的一维非线性固结特性,通过引入新的一维非线性压缩模型,推导出变荷载作用下考虑非达西渗流的饱和软土地基一维非线性固结方程。基于有限差分法求解,并通过与半解析解结果对比分析,验证了其合理性与可靠性。根据该固结方程的解答,详细讨论了非达西渗流参数(m和i 1)、土体初始压缩系数、压缩指数与渗透指数的比值以及加载速率与加载形式对土体固结的影响。结果表明:随着非达西参数(m和i 1)及压缩指数与渗透指数的比值的增大,土体的固结速率减慢;土体初始压缩系数越大,土体的固结速率越快;荷载的加载速率越快,土体的固结速率就越快;与已有模型相比,引入的新模型无需测量土体的初始有效应力,可更加方便地应用于工程中。

考虑载荷模拟作用的高压弯头冲蚀数值仿真

在水力压裂过程中,地面高压管汇在管内复杂固液两相流冲击和管体恶劣载荷的耦合作用下,弯头、三通及接头等薄弱部件长期遭受严重的冲蚀磨损,极易导致管件发生断裂破坏,对现场人员及设备构成严重威胁。开展载荷作用下的高压管汇典型材料冲蚀磨损试验,根据试验结果,基于E/CRC冲蚀模型构建一种考虑应力状态影响的新型冲蚀数学模型,所构建的新模型与冲蚀试验数据之间的准确度可达95%以上。采用计算流体力学离散相模型(CFD-DPM),开展高压管汇件冲蚀性能的三维数值模拟,考察高压弯头在不同压裂工况下的冲蚀磨损程度及空间分布情况。结果表明:在固液两相流冲击下,主要冲蚀区位于靠近弯头出口处的弯头外侧,且管件的最大冲蚀率也位于该处;在弯头内侧二次流涡流的影响下,部分颗粒在流经弯头后会在下游直管内侧积聚,从而在这个区域造成次要冲蚀区;随着流动颗粒斯托克斯系数增加,主要冲蚀区面积增大,次要冲蚀区面积减小;此外,在嵌入新型冲蚀数学模型后,可观察到随着操作压力增大,高压管汇弯头部位的冲蚀磨损率明显增加。

液压快换接头压力降-流量特性试验台的设计及不确定度分析

为测试不同流体介质、流量等工况下液压快换接头的流通能力,设计一套液压快换接头压力降-流量特性试验台,完成配套测试处理软件的开发。该试验台可采用46号液压油或水作为试验介质,其流量测试范围为40~1000 L/min,被测快换接头的进、出口压力降测量范围为0~5.0 MPa,被测快换接头的适用公称通径范围为12.5~51 mm。在此基础上,依据ISO 9110-1:2020和ISO 9110-2:2020标准,建立被测快换接头压降值测量的数学模型,并分别计算得到了使用46号液压油或水作为试验介质时的合成不确定度。该试验台的技术参数符合GB/T 5861—2003,也可用于测量快换接头的流量系数和流阻系数。

Characteristics of mining gas channel expansion in the remote overlying strata and its control of gas flow

The technology of pressure relief gas drainage is one of the most effective and economic for preventing gas emissions in underground mines.Based on current understanding of strata breakage and fracture development in overlying strata,the current study divides the overlying strata into the following three longitudinal zones in terms of the state of gas flow:a turbulent channel zone,a transitional circulation channel zone and a seepage channel zone.According to the key strata discrimination theory of controlling the overlying strata,the calculation method establishes that the step-type expansion of the mining gas channel corresponds to the advancing distance of working face,and this research also confrms the expanding rule that the mining gas channel in overlying strata follows the advancing distance of mining working face.Based on the geological conditions of Xinjing Coal Mine of Yangquan,this paper researches the expanding rule of mining gas channel as well as the control action of the channel acting on the pressure relief flow under the condition of the remote protective layer,and got the distance using inversion that the step-type expanding of mining gas channel is corresponding to the advancing distance of working face,which verifes the accuracy and feasibility of theoretical calculation method proposed in this study.The research provides the theoretical basis for choosing the technology of pressure relief gas drainage and designing the parameters of construction.

血流限制训练运动表现效果及作用机制研究进展

本文主要运用文献资料法、归纳总结法等研究方法,对血流限制训练(BFRT)在运动表现效果及作用机制方面的成果进行综述与分析,探讨BFRT现阶段的研究进展。结果显示,BFRT能显著增加肌肉质量与力量、改善有氧代谢能力、提高运动表现成绩,并对康复治疗效果有积极影响,但BFRT的具体作用机制仍不明确,可能涉及代谢激素、信号通路、血管生长因子和肌纤维募集等方面因素。鉴于此,在未来的研究中应注重不同个体之间的差异,在确保安全性的前提下,进一步探索BFRT的作用机制和最佳训练方案,以期为运动训练和康复治疗等方面提供新的路径。

Gao's interacting shear flows( ISF) theory and its inferences and their applications

Gao＇s viscous/in-viscid interacting shear flows （ISF） theory, proposed by professor Gao Zhi in Institute of Mechanics, China Academy of Science, and its inferences and their applications in computational fluid dynamics （CFD） are reviewed and some subjects worthy to be studied are pro- posed in this paper. The flow-field and motion law of ISF, mathematics definition of strong viscous shear layer flow in ISF, ISF equations, wall-surface compatibility criteria （Gao＇s criteria ）, space scale variety law of strong viscous shear layer reveals flow mechanism and local space small scale triggered by strong interaction that cause some abnormal severe local pneumatic heating phenomenon in hypersonic flow. Gao＇s ISF theory was used in near wall flow, free ISF flow simulation and design of computing grids, Gao＇s wall-surface criteria were used to verify calculation reliability and accuracy of near wall flows, ISF theory approximate analytical result of shock waves-boundary layer interac- tion and ISF equations were used to obtain the numerical exact solution of local area flow （ such as stationary point flow）. Some new subjects, such as, improving near-wall turbulent models according to the turbulent flow simulation satisfying the wall-criteria and illustrating relation between grid-con- vergence based on the wall criteria and other convergence tactics, are suggested. The necessity of applying Gao＇s ISF theory and wall criteria is revealed. Difficulties and importance of hypersonic vis- cous/in-viscid interaction phenomenon were also emphasized.

波浪作用下粉沙临底输沙特征的试验研究

风暴潮及大风天等极端天气下易出现临底高强度输沙,对动力地貌过程、港口航道设施、生态保护等产生深刻影响,开展临底泥沙运动机理研究具有重要的理论价值和工程指导意义。本研究以波浪作用下的粉沙为研究对象,开展波浪水槽输沙试验,构建底部高浓度测沙系统,实现从不动床面到悬沙层的精细测量,观测不同动力环境下的输沙现象。研究结果表明:相对较弱动力条件下的床面存在沙纹,随着动力条件增强,沙纹被冲蚀并出现层移输沙现象;通过不同床面高度含沙量过程的分析,随着波浪的周期性运动,粉沙底部层移运动特征表现为泥面呈现横向摆动的周期性运动,深度越大的泥层摆动幅度越小,并开始出现相位滞后现象;引入移动数和密实度系数,建立了粉沙-沙宽级配范围的层移临界条件下波浪可移动数的计算公式。本研究初步提出了细颗粒泥沙底部运动机制,对进一步研究骤冲骤淤机理具有参考意义。

国际文化贸易的新趋势与中国对外文化传播的新作为

国际文化贸易是一个国家扩大对外文化传播,获得国际话语权、定价权和控制权的重要内容之一。面对国际文化贸易的新趋势,中国对外文化传播要有新作为:第一,推动数字化转型,以数字文化产业新业态作为文化贸易新增长点,增强文化传播功能,融入互联互通的全球大格局;第二,促进双向流通,让各参与方互为发展机遇,推动更高水平的优化配置,优化国际文化贸易中的分工协作;第三,加强创意研发,开发中高端的文化创意产品,不断从全球文化价值链的低端环节走向高端环节;第四,壮大市场主体,发展文化跨国公司和外向型文化企业集群,实施学习与合作、赶超与竞争、海外投资和自主研发相结合等战略。

数字赋能文化产业创新发展的作用机制研究

数字技术已成为促进我国文化产业创新发展的重要驱动力量。基于2016—2020年中国省级面板数据,构建数字技术与知识流动水平评价指标,对数字技术驱动文化产业创新发展的作用机制进行实证研究。结果发现,数字技术通过促进知识流动加速驱动文化产业的创新发展,且其潜力仍有提升空间;数字技术对文化产业不同创新类型的驱动作用存在差异,数字技术创新效应具有显著结构性特征。因此,应充分发挥知识流动在数字技术驱动文化产业创新过程中的中介作用,加速文化产业与数字技术深度融合,缩小区域数字鸿沟,推进各区域文化产业数字化均衡发展。

重庆市城乡要素流动赋能乡村多元价值实现机制

准确认知城乡要素流动赋能乡村多元价值实现机制,既能激发乡村内生动力又能确保农民持续增收,对于建设宜居宜业和美乡村具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。该研究以城乡界面间要素流动的吸纳、融合和冲突作用为介质,解析城乡要素流动与乡村多元价值实现的逻辑关联,以重庆市为研究区,分别构建指标体系测度城乡要素流动和乡村多元价值实现,进而解析其相关关系以理清其赋能过程与实现机制,结果表明:1)城乡要素人口流动、资源转移和社会互动综合作用赋能乡村多元价值,表征为供给价值、调节价值、传承价值和服务价值的实现,其中人口流动是核心,资源转移是重点,社会互动是动力;2)重庆市乡村多元价值实现程度总体上呈正态分布,其中,人口流动对供给价值和调节价值具有正向促进作用、对传承价值具有反向抑制作用,相关系数分别为0.40、0.37、-0.56;资源转移对供给价值、调节价值和服务价值具有正向促进作用,相关系数分别为0.31、0.37、0.39;社会互动对调节价值、服务价值具有正向促进作用、对传承价值具有反向抑制作用,相关系数分别为0.42、0.46、-0.57;3)针对重庆市城乡人口流动频繁、资源转移和社会互动较少的现实情景,从以县域为重要载体构建新型城乡关系、全要素流动为核心的要素自由流动制度性通道、高质量提升乡村价值实现能力3个层次提出了加快乡村价值实现的路径。

基于时空双流3D残差网络的服务动作识别

人工抽查服务录像是目前企事业单位规范员工服务动作的主要途径,但这种方法费时费力。针对当前供电营业厅服务动作自动识别难题,提出基于时空双流3D残差网络的服务动作识别方法,建立供电营业厅服务动作数据集。将时空双流3D残差网络分为两个通道。RGB通道采用3D残差网络提取信息丰富的RGB图像提升对动作幅度较小的识别率;光流通道采用C3D网络提取能消除场景信息的光流图特征。根据训练时两个通道的识别率,分配对应的通道融合权重值。对两个通道的预测结果进行加权融合得到服务动作识别结果。实验结果表明,使用时空双流3D残差网络对供电营业厅服务动作的识别准确率为90.65%。

一种基于信息流控制的多级安全通道模型

针对安全通信及多级安全访问控制应对网络通信数据等级保护这两种模型存在的缺陷,明确了安全通道、实体、安全客体、系统状态、安全系统等几个概念,定义了由创建、打开、读、写、关闭等构成的操作集,给出了安全通道操作、安全通道处理约束、安全标记调整等模型安全规则构成的安全通道操作规则集合,保证了通道操作、安全标记调整、信息流控制的可靠及安全,构建了一种基于安全标记的网络安全通信模型。对模型定理作了进一步的证明,提出一个模型实例,并与相关模型进行了性能对比,该模型具有通用性、灵活性等特点,实现了多级网络环境下不同密级信息流的隔离保护与安全传输。

全电控正流量液压挖掘机复合动作协调性研究

针对全电控正流量挖掘机复合动作时,执行机构增减而产生速度突变的协调性问题,对某公司37 t挖掘机进行研究,分析了单动作与复合动作各执行机构速度与主泵流量分配之间的关系,提出了调整正流量挖掘机前后泵输出初始排量并留一部分排量余量,使前后泵排量余量跟随各先导电手柄电流信号的变化调整输出的控制策略,建立了AMESim-Motion机械液压联合仿真模型。仿真与实验结果表明,复合动作增减动作时速度突变量减小10%以上,其动作协调性有显著提升。