Exploring the Element Integration of Urban and Rural“Space of Flows”in the Context of Consumption Upgrading:A Case Study of Changsi Village in Anhui Province

The mobility and interaction between urban and rural areas are becoming more and more intensive,and their links and exchanges are increasingly closer due to constant flow of factors such as information,capital,personnel and technology.In this context,the element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”can promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas,improve the consumption environment and experience,and promote the industrial upgrading and technological progress.To realize the element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”,it is necessary to explore and innovate in infrastructure construction,information technology application,industrial cooperation and cultural exchanges.Government departments,enterprises and social organizations also need to work together to give play to their respective advantages and jointly promote the process of element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”.

Spatial Structure of China's E-commerce Express Logistics Network Based on Space of Flows

The intermediate link compression characteristics of e-commerce express logistics ne tworks influence the tradition al mode of circulation of goods and economic organization,and alter the city spatial pattern.Based on the theory of space of flows,this study adopts China Smart Logistics Network relational data to build China's e-commerce express logistics network and explore its spatial structure characteristics through social network analysis(SNA),the PageRank technique,and geospatial methods.The results are as follows:the network density is 0.9270,which is close to 1;hence,indicating that e-commerce express logistics lines between Chinese cities are nearly complete and they form a typical network structure,thereby eliminating fragmented spaces.Moreover,the average minimum number of edges is 1.1375,which indicates that the network has a small world effect and thus has a high flow efficiency of logistics elements.A significant hierarchical diffusion effect was observed in dominant flows with the highest edge weights.A diamond-structured network was formed with Shanghai,Guangzhou,Chongqing,and Beijing as the four core nodes.Other node cities with a large logistics scale and importance in the network are mainly located in the 19 city agglomerations of China,revealing the fact that the development of city agglomerations is essential for promoting the separation of experience space and changing the urban spatial pattern.This study enriches the theory of urban networks,reveals the flow laws of modern logistics elements,and encourages coordinated development of urban logistics.

Influence of void space on microscopic behavior of fluid flow in rock joints

Advanced microfluidic technology was used to examine the microscopic viscous and inertial effects evolution of water flow in rock joints. The influence of void space on fluid flow behaviour in rock joints under different flow velocities was experimentally investigated at the micro scale. Using advanced fabrication technology of microfluidic device, micro flow channels of semicircular, triangular, rectangular and pentagonal cavities were fabricated to simulate different void space of rock joints, respectively. Using the fluorescence labelling approach, the trajectory of water flow was captured by the microscope digital camera when it passed over the cavity under different flow velocities. The flow tests show that the flow trajectory deviated towards the inside of the cavity at low flow velocities. With the increase in flow velocity, this degree of flow trajectory deviation decreased until there was no trajectory deviation for flow in the straight parallel channel. The flow trajectory deviation initially reduced from the void corner near the entrance. At the same time, a small eddy appeared near the void corner of the entrance. The size and intensity of the eddy increased with the flow velocity until it occupied the whole cavity domain. The gradual reduction of flow trajectory near the straight parallel channel and the growth of eddy inside the cavity reflect the evolution of microscopic viscous and inertial forces under different flow velocities.The eddy formed inside the cavity does not contribute to the total flow flux, but the running of the eddy consumes flow energy. This amount of pressure loss due to voids could contribute to the nonlinear deviation of fracture fluid flow from Darcy's law. This study contributes to the fundamental understanding of non-Darcy's flow occurrence in rock joints at the micro scale.

一种抗恶意攻击的OpenFlow虚拟流表高性能查找方法

针对恶意攻击给OpenFlow虚拟流表查找带来的破坏性影响,构建了一种抗恶意攻击的OpenFlow虚拟流表高性能查找方法。该方法基于近似成员关系查询理论,采用布鲁姆过滤器预测元组查找失败结果,以绕过绝大多数元组失败查找操作,提高OpenFlow虚拟流表查找效率;进一步,设计了一种可扩展计数型布鲁姆过滤器,根据元组规模的动态变化进行适应性伸缩,从而始终以高准确率判定元组查找失败结果;最后,采用实际网络流量样本和模拟恶意攻击方式,评估所提OpenFlow虚拟流表查找方法的性能。实验结果表明:当攻击包与正常包分别按1:2和2:1比例混合时,所提方法的假阳性错误率始终保持在6%以下,比计数型布鲁姆过滤器降低了93%,而平均查找长度降低了90%。

MICROGRAVITY EXPERIMENTS OF TWO-PHASE FLOW PATTERNS ABOARD MIR SPACE STATION

A first experimental study on two-phase how patterns at a long-term, steady microgravity condition was conducted on board the Russian Space Station 'MIR' in August 1999. Carbogal and air are used as the liquid and the gas phase, respectively. Bubble, slug, slug-annular transitional, and annular hows are observed. A new region of annular how with lower liquid superficial velocity is discovered, and the region of the slug-annular transitional flow is wider than that observed by experiments on board the parabolic aircraft. The main patterns are bubble, slug-annular transitional and annular flows based on the experiments on board MIR space station. Some influences on the two-phase how patterns in the present experiments are discussed.

INVISCID INCOMPRESSIBLE AND COMPRESSIBLE FLOW EQUATIONS UNDER SPACE-TIME TRANSFORMATION

The equations governing incompressible and compressible inviscid flows and written in the physical frame ( t,x,y,z ) are known to be linearly well posed and exhibit elliptic or hyperbolic nature. The linear well posedness is considered here for these equations under a space time transformation ( t,x,y,z)→(τ,ξ,η,ζ ), where the pseudo time τ and the new space coordinate ( ξ,η,ζ ) all depend on ( t,x,y,z ). Such a transformation could be useful for uniformly treating problems in which the flow is fast unsteady somewhere and slow unsteady or steady elsewhere. It is found that the transformation may alter the ellipticity, the hyperbolicty, and even the well posedness of the original equations. In one dimension, the transformed incompressible flow equations become weakly hyperbolic and the compressible ones could degenerate to elliptical equations. In high dimensions there are conditions such that the transformed equations become ill posed.

LES prediction of space-time correlations in turbulent shear flows

We compare the space-time correlations calculated from direct numerical simulation （DNS） and large-eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent channel flows. It is found from the comparisons that the LES with an eddy-viscosity subgrid scale （SGS） model over-predicts the space-time corre- lations than the DNS. The overpredictions are further quantified by the integral scales of directional correlations and convection velocities. A physical argument for the overpre- diction is provided that the eddy-viscosity SGS model alone does not includes the backscatter effects although it correctly represents the energy dissipations of SGS motions. This argument is confirmed by the recently developed elliptic model for space-time correlations in turbulent shear flows. It suggests that enstrophy is crucial to the LES prediction of spacetime correlations. The random forcing models and stochastic SGS models are proposed to overcome the overpredictions on space-time correlations.

Study of Nonlinear Earthquake Flow Functions and Their Application to the Space Increased Probability of Strong Earthquake (SIP)

The definition and abnormality discriminatory criteria of earthquake flow function are introduced in this paper based on the algorithm of Space Increased Probability (SIP). Nine earthquake flow functions were defined by the method. The retrospect test that applied the SIP algorithm with the nonlinear earthquake flow function to 7 earthquakes, which occurred from 1975 to 1989 in Eastern China, with a magnitude of 6 or greater depicted that 6 of the 7 strong earthquakes (86%) were located in the SIP areas, and the SIP covers about 32% of the total research time-space domain. These suggest that the R-value, an effective scale for earthquake forecast, is 54% and may imply that the nonlinear earthquake flow function introduced in this paper can be applied to the intermediate-term earthquake forecast research.

Prediction of elevator traffic flow based on SVM and phase space reconstruction

To make elevator group control system better follow the change of elevator traffic flow (ETF) in order to adjust the control strategy,the prediction method of support vector machine (SVM) in combination with phase space reconstruction has been proposed for ETF.Firstly,the phase space reconstruction for elevator traffic flow time series (ETFTS) is processed.Secondly,the small data set method is applied to calculate the largest Lyapunov exponent to judge the chaotic property of ETF.Then prediction model of ETFTS based on SVM is founded.Finally,the method is applied to predict the time series for the incoming and outgoing passenger flow respectively using ETF data collected in some building.Meanwhile,it is compared with RBF neural network model.Simulation results show that the trend of factual traffic flow is better followed by predictive traffic flow.SVM algorithm has much better prediction performance.The fitting and prediction of ETF with better effect are realized.

Formal Similarity of Solutions in the Laplace Space on the Class of Fluid Flow Differential Equation

In this paper, the fluid flow differential equation based on the homogenous reservoirs model is first reviewed. Then a theorem about the formal similarity of solutions in the Laplace space with outer boundary conditions and inner boundary condition is presented and proved. Lastly, a corollary of our theorem is given particularly on inner boundary. The obtained results are very helpful for understanding inherent laws of relevant engineering science and designing practical analysis software.

城市轨道交通系统的层次化功能结构解析——以上海为例

解析城市轨道交通系统的功能结构对于建立以轨道交通为骨架的城市空间结构至关重要,其有助于优化城市空间布局,促进交通与土地利用融合,进而推动城市可持续发展。本文利用交通刷卡大数据,基于轨道交通站域的功能相似性和邻接关系提出了功能站组的概念,并形成了一套“站域功能分类—站组范围划定—站群结构识别”的方法体系。以上海市轨道交通系统为例,针对单个站域,构建表征站域土地利用功能的连续客流时间序列,并依据时间序列特征分类得到站域功能类型;将多个具有相似的出行模式和土地利用功能的相邻站域划定为功能站组;以功能站组为基本单元,采用社区发现算法,对功能站组间的客流交互网络进行分析以识别站群。研究结果表明,城市轨道交通系统的“站域—站组—站群”层次化功能结构解析方法综合了场所空间和流空间视角,有助于认识特大城市轨道交通系统的功能结构特征,并为轨道交通系统的发展提供多层次的空间优化建议。

Effect of Pre-Swirling Flow on Performance and Flow Fields in Semi-Opened Axial Fan

In this study, we tried to improve the performance by giving a pre-swirling flow to the radial inflow that occurred in the semi-opened axial fan. In addition, the flow fields of rotor outlet were clarified experimentally, and the effect of pre-swirling flow was considered. The experiment was carried out using a performance test wind tunnel with a square cross section of 880 mm. Three types of casings were prepared, in which the blade tip protruded 0%, 20%, and 40% of the meridional chord length. They were called R25, R15, and R05, respectively, in the casing bellmouth model code. Guide blades for generating a pre-swirling flow were installed on the vertical wall surface of the casing. In addition, a vertical wall was installed 60% upstream of the meridional chord length as an obstacle to prevent axial inflow. The velocity fields of the rotor outlet were measured using a hot-wire anemometer. From the results, the pre-swirling flow did not significantly affect the fan performance. When there was no obstacles wall upstream, there was a partial increase in efficiency, but the difference was not so large. When there was an obstacle wall upstream, the efficiency increased overall in the case of R15, but in the case of R05, the efficiency increased only in the low flow rate region, and conversely decreased in the high flow rate region. By observing the blade outlet flow fields when the performance was improved, it was confirmed that the influence of the tip leakage vortex was weakened.

融入智能网联汽车的混行交通流混沌特性

为了研究混行交通流混沌特性、辨析影响混行车队混沌程度的因素,在传统交通流理论基础上,利用Cao方法和改进的Cao方法确定混行交通流延迟时间和嵌入维数,对混行交通流序列进行相空间重构并通过计算最大Lyapunov指数判定其混沌特性.对混行交通流中智能网联汽车(intelligent connected vehicle,ICV)协同自适应巡航(cooperative adaptive cruise control,CACC)车辆比例及延迟时间关键参数进行影响分析.结果表明:在跟驰过程中车头间距序列的最大Lyapunov指数小于0时,混行交通流存在混沌;CACC车辆比例增加能够减弱混沌的时间区域,比如当CACC车辆比例达到0.6时,跟驰系统趋于稳定;CACC车辆的延迟时间对混沌的影响显著,保持低通信延迟才能发挥CACC车辆的作用,从而有效抑制混沌.

流空间再造:中国低空经济与高质量发展

流空间理论强调要素流动对空间的形塑作用,为空间由场所本体转为关系本体提供了更为动态的理解视角。低空经济作为新质生产力的代表,是信息流、物流、人流、资本流在三维空间中动态交互的产物,对社会经济互动模式具有深刻塑造作用。低空空域的尺度化和不同规模要素间的流通与互动为低空经济发展奠定了基本的流空间秩序。低空经济通过动能提振与治理效能增强有助于克服空间碎片化问题。推动低空经济高质量发展,需在国家主导下推动流空间共治,从制度、市场、技术等方面完善治理机制,以新型生产关系加快培育新质生产力。

火源深度对深井立式空间火灾烟气流动特性及火灾探测方式的影响分析

为掌握深井立式车库、深地矿井等深井立式空间内火灾烟气运动规律,进而对此类火灾进行预警,以某深井地下车库为原型,构建深井立式空间模型,通过数值模拟分析火源深度和热释放速率对深井立式空间火灾烟气流动特性的影响,并掌握温度场和速度场的变化规律。研究结果表明:当火源深度足够大时,由于向上的浮力和速度减小,烟气可能无法到达井口,火源位置越深,其上方热烟气温度越高;并且火源深度对烟气流动的影响存在临界值,即临界深度,当火源高于临界深度时,火源可以从深井出口外卷吸空气,当火源低于临界深度时,火源仅能从深井内部卷吸空气。研究结果可为深井立式空间火灾的预测预警提供科学参考。

流动空间权力关系的建构与现实转换——对卡斯特传播权力理论的历史唯物主义考察

随着全球信息技术的革新,卡斯特将具有虚拟性、开放性、全球化等特征的流动空间设定为网络社会特有的空间形式,并以此为前提对流动空间中权力关系的建构及其现实转换进行了系统性的考察。在现实的推动下,卡斯特认为流动空间中的权力关系存在着权力主体从精英转向大众、权力载体从网络公共空间走向城市公共空间、权力变革目标从政治改革通向社会变革的可能性。这种现实转换发生的条件首先在于作为流动空间权力关系新载体的大众自传播的兴起,另一个更为基础的条件则是处于被权力压制的大众通过对恐惧情绪的克服推动了网络社会运动向前发展,并且具有重建公共空间的潜力。卡斯特以流动空间中的权力关系为研究对象所建构起来的具有历史唯物主义特质的理论构想,为数字时代的政治改革、社会变革、人的自由解放以及国际新秩序的构建等重大现实议题注入了思想活力。

数据流空间视角下知识溢出的内生经济增长机制

数据流空间是数字经济时代非竞争的数据在各网络节点之间不断复制共享与往复传输所形成的虚拟空间场域。本文基于两部门的内生经济增长模型,将数据视为研发活动的“副产品”,分析有数据流动参与的内生经济增长机制;继而使用社会网络分析方法,验证发现中国的数据流空间网络结构呈现“核心-外围”特征,数据流空间中的数据流动联系弥补了现实空间的距离联系的不足。进一步,本文利用2014—2020年面板数据,构建空间杜宾模型对数据流空间中知识溢出对经济增长的促进效应进行实证分析。结果显示,在数字经济时代,虚拟的数据流空间能够成为知识溢出的新载体,研发活动所产生的知识溢出以数据流动的方式体现,促进了经济增长。

波流环境中多孔射流三维数值模拟

建立了波流环境中多孔射流的三维大涡数学模型,探讨了波流共同作用下多孔射流的扩散和稀释机制,分析了孔间距对双孔射流、射流与环境水体相互作用的影响,并给出了最优相对孔间距。模拟结果表明:在波谷相位时刻,由于横流与波浪相互作用强烈,流场内的三维涡旋结构丰富、尺度较大、数目众多,有利于射流与环境水体、射流与射流之间的掺混,这是波流环境比单一横流环境中多孔射流运动扩散效果更佳的主要原因;随着孔间距的增大,双孔射流之间的相互作用慢慢削弱,而射流与环境水体之间的相互作用却在不断增强;双孔射流在孔间距为7.0倍管口直径时扩散效果最好。

空间目标轨道外热流计算及辐射特性研究

本文针对空间目标受到的太阳辐射、地球辐射、地球反照辐射,采用蒙特卡洛(Monte Carlo)法,基于非结构四面体网格编写了仿真程序,并对计算结果进行了对比验证。进一步地,对太阳同步轨道卫星受到的轨道外热流,采用带帆板的网格对有无遮挡情况下各表面受到的轨道外热流进行了分析。结果显示,在对地模式下考虑遮挡后,−Y表面平均热流值降低了53.79 W/m^(2),+Y−Z侧帆板表面平均热流值降低了32.05 W/m^(2)。结合表面材料属性,分析了各表面的温度特性,并结合帆板温度的在轨遥测数据,验证了计算的准确性。最后,计算了两种模式下各方向的红外辐射强度。结果表明,不同观测模式下各表面受热流的影响不同,对地模式下各表面温度随时间变化较大,而对日模式下各表面热流较为稳定。两种模式下,太阳能帆板的温度较高,辐射强度较大,具有明显的红外特征,便于开展红外观测。

基于空间双重性的全球城市功能建构

全球城市具有不同于一般城市的异质性功能,并在全球化中发挥着重大作用,这一直是全球城市研究的核心问题之一。学者们对此进行了大量探索性工作,形成了丰富的文献,但大多数研究基于单一地点空间来阐述全球城市功能的形成机理,以特征事实的现象学表述方法对此进行定义,并强调其功能发挥的控制和支配性。为此,需要对此进行反思,深刻认识全球城市功能的空间性问题,从地点与流动空间双重性来重新建构全球城市功能的形成机理、本质特征(本源性),以及全球城市的功能结构与作用方式等基本框架。