Combustion behavior and influence mechanism of CO on iron ore sintering with flue gas recirculation

The properties of circulating gas have a significant effect on sintering with flue gas recirculation,and the influence of CO in sintering process was investigated.The results show that the post-combustion of CO conducts in sinter zone when flue gas passes through the sintering bed,which releases much heat and reduces the consumption of solid fuel.The ratio of coke breeze can be reduced from 5% to 4.7% with 2% CO in circulating flue gas.In addition,with the increase of CO content in circulating flue gas,the combustion efficiency of fuel is improved,and the flame front is increased slightly while still matches with the heat transfer front.These are beneficial to increasing the maximum temperature and prolonging the high temperature duration,especially in the upper layer of sintering bed.As a consequence,the productivity,vertical sintering velocity and quality of sinter are improved.

Fundamental study on iron ore sintering new process of flue gas recirculation together with using biochar as fuel

It is of great significance for cleaner production to substitute bio-energy for fossil fuels in iron ore sintering. However, with the replacement ratio increasing, the consistency of heat front and flame front is broken, and the thermal utilizing efficiency of fuel is reduced, which results in the decrease of yield and tumble index of sinter. Circulating flue gas to sintering bed as biochar replacing 40% coke, CO in flue gas can be reused so as to increase the thermal utilizing efficiency of fuels, and the consistency of two fronts is recovered for the circulating flue gas containing certain CO2, H2 O and lower O2, which contributes to increasing the maximum temperature, extending the high temperature duration time of sintering bed, and results in improving the output and quality of sinter. In the condition of circulating 40% flue gas, the sintering with biomass fuels is strengthened, and the sintering indexes with biomass fuel replacing 40% coke breeze are comparative to those of using coke breeze completely.

Effect of flue gas recirculation technology on soot and NO formation in the biomass pyrolysis-combustion system

Pyrolysis of biomass followed by combustion of pyrolytic vapors to replace fossil fuels is an economic low-carbon solution.However,the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and N-containing species in biomass pyrolysis vapors result in the soot and NO emissions.The flue gas recirculation(FGR)technology,having the potential to reduce the soot and NO emissions,was introduced to the biomass pyrolysis-combustion system.In addition,it was numerically studied by simulating the biomass pyrolysis vapors based co-flow diffusion flames with CO_(2)addition.Both the experimental and simulated results showed that the FGR had significant suppression effects on the soot formation.When the FGR ratio(i.e.,CO_(2)addition ratio)increased from 0%to 15%,the experimental and simulated soot volume fraction respectively decreased by 32%and 21%,which verified the models used in this study.The decrease in OH concentration caused by the CO_(2)addition was responsible for the decrease in the decomposition rate of A2(A2+OH=A2–+H_(2)O).Hence,more benzo(ghi)fluoranthene(BGHIF)was generated through A1C_(2)H–+A2→BGHIF+H_(2)+H,leading to the increase in inception rate.The decrease in benzo(a)pyrene(BAPYR)concentration was the major factor in the decrease in soot condensation rate.Moreover,the decrease in the C_(2)H_(2) and OH concentrations was responsible for the decrease in the HACA surface growth rate.Furthermore,the simulated results showed that the NO concentration decreased by 0.4%when the content of CO_(2)was increased by 1 vol.%.The decrease in OH concentration suppressed the NO formation via decreasing reaction rates of N+OH=NO+H and HNO+OH=NO+H_(2)O and enhanced the NO consumption via increasing reaction rate of HO_(2)+NO=NO_(2)+OH.

Influence of Recirculated Flue Gas Distribution on Combustion and NOx Formation Characteristics in S-CO_(2) Coal-fired Boiler

Supercritical carbon dioxide(S-CO_(2))Brayton power cycle power generation technology,has attracted more and more scholars'attention in recent years because of its advantages of high efficiency and flexibility.Compared with conventional steam boilers,S-CO_(2) has different heat transfer characteristics,it is easy to cause the temperature of the cooling wall of the boiler to rise,which leads to higher combustion gas temperature in the furnace,higher NOX generation concentration.The adoption of flue gas recirculation has a significance impact on the combustion process of pulverized coal in the boiler,and it is the most effective ways to reduce the emission of NOX and the combustion temperature in the boiler.This paper takes 1000MW S-CO_(2) T-type coal-fired boiler as the research target to investigate the combustion and NOX generation characteristics of S-CO_(2) coal-fired boilers under flue gas recirculation condition,the influence of recirculated flue gas distribution along the furnace height on the characteristics of NOX formation and the combustion of pulverized coal.The results show that the recirculated flue gas distribution has the great impact on the concentration of NOX at the boiler outlet.When the bottom recirculation flue gas rate is gradually increased,the average temperature of the lower boiler decreases and the average temperature of the upper boiler increases slightly;The concentration of NOx at the furnace outlet increases.

Pressure Analysis of the Initial Process of Diffusion Combustion Surge in a 350 kW Gas Boiler

In order to meet the increasingly stringent requirements for nitrogen oxides(NOx)emissions from gas boilers,flue gas recirculation(FGR)technology is commonly used to achieve ultra-low NOx emissions.However,under some ultra-low NOx combustion conditions with FGR,a surge phenomenon occurs in the boiler,which causes a flameout and should be avoided.In this study,the diffusion combustion surge of gas boiler with a rated power of 350 k W and equipped with FGR device was investigated.Pressure characteristic analysis results of the initial process of combustion surge showed that the high-frequency component of pressure is closely related to combustion stability and its change can provide reference for the occurrence of surge.Besides,the initial process of surge was analyzed by wavelet packet entropy method.Results indicated that the wavelet packet entropy of pressure signals could effectively reflect the stability of combustion in the furnace,and it could also be used to study the occurrence of surge.

Application of Response Surface Methodology for Analysis of Reheat Steam Temperatures in a Double Reheat Coal-Fired Boiler

For the improvement of reheat steam quality and performance of double reheat coal-fired utility boiler under wide load operation, a variety of temperature regulation ways were utilized to adjust the energy distribution between different heating surfaces. In this paper, thermodynamic calculation based on the fundamental heat transfer theory was conducted for the analysis of temperature regulation strategy effects to steam temperature. In consideration of the specific overlapping heating surface arrangement, the compartment model was adopted to solve this problem. Response surface methodology(RSM) was used to analysis the effect of each temperature regulating variables on the steam temperature and boiler efficiency;then the polynomial model was fitted to predict the primary and secondary steam temperature simultaneously. Results showed that the flue gas recirculation rate has a relatively significant influence on the steam temperature, the maximum temperature deviation between fitting value and calculation value is 3.85℃ in 75% THA;the quadratic model can well predict the steam temperature under different operation conditions in wide load change. The variation of flue gas baffle has a significant influence on the boiler efficiency, compared to the flue gas recirculation and angle of burner oscillation. The influence of various factors on the reheat steam temperature is flue gas baffle > flue gas recirculation > angle of burner oscillation.