Using the BrdU antibody technique followed by an immuno-chemical staining(BAT),the amplification o f DNA fragments specific to human Y chromosome on cell specimen slides was efficiently detected. Whether direct BrdU i...Using the BrdU antibody technique followed by an immuno-chemical staining(BAT),the amplification o f DNA fragments specific to human Y chromosome on cell specimen slides was efficiently detected. Whether direct BrdU incorporation into PCR products or in situ hybridization with PCR products on slides, the amplified targetDNA fragments of specimen were visualized by BAT under the microscope. The availability of BAT and differencesin the sensitivity and efficiency between BAT and dig--if-dUTP labeling in cell in situ PCR were disCussed.展开更多
The new double projecting neurons were found in the cat spinal dorsal horn by the double retrograde fluorescent tracing technique.Fast Blue(FB)was injected into unilateral dorsal column nucleus(DCN)of adult cats anest...The new double projecting neurons were found in the cat spinal dorsal horn by the double retrograde fluorescent tracing technique.Fast Blue(FB)was injected into unilateral dorsal column nucleus(DCN)of adult cats anesthetized with pentobarbital.Nuclear Yellow(NY)was injected ipsilaterally into the lateral cervical nucleus(LCN)8-9 days later.After an additional 18-30 hrs.展开更多
A fast and indirect fluorescent antibody assay for the Vibrio alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus infecting the large yellow croaker has been developed. The specific antisera for the two strains of vibrio were prepa...A fast and indirect fluorescent antibody assay for the Vibrio alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus infecting the large yellow croaker has been developed. The specific antisera for the two strains of vibrio were prepared with New Zealand rabbit and the antiserum and cross-reactive efficacy was tested by coagulation in tube. It showed that the goat anti-rabbit IgG had been labeled by fluorescence isothiocyanate (FITC). The results showed that positive reactions were 100% for the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea with typical symptom of vibrio infection, while the positive reaction to the pathogen in healthy yellow croakers reached 40%, but seemed negative for aquaculture water. The results demonstrated that this fast and indirect fluorescent antibody assay can be used not only to test the vibrio pathogen in diseased yellow croaker but also in infected animals with no symptom.展开更多
The electrophysiological methods using microelectrodes are not appropriate for the simultaneous measurement of neural activities of many neurons. To overcome the difficulty, the fluorescent imaging technique using vol...The electrophysiological methods using microelectrodes are not appropriate for the simultaneous measurement of neural activities of many neurons. To overcome the difficulty, the fluorescent imaging technique using voltage sensitive dyes can be a powerful technique. The voltage sensitive dyes, however, generally exhibit a relatively small change in their fluorescence intensities, resulting in a low S/N ratio. Additionally, they often exhibit photobleaching and phototoxity. We have therefore improved the fluorescent voltage imaging technique by using a LED as the light source and an electron multiplying (EM)-CCD camera as the fluorescence detector. In this study, we applied our imaging system for the measurement of two kind of molluscan neural activities;one of which is involved in the olfactory processing of the land slug Limax valentianus and the other is involved in the feeding rhythm of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The system enabled us to measure the neural activities for a long time with a high speed and a high S/N ratio, and the obtained results showed some new physiological findings.展开更多
Studies on the bacterial predation rate by rumen protozoa were carried out under laboratory conditions using a technique of fluorescence-labeled bacteria （FLB）. Four Xuhuai goats were used in this experiment to obta...Studies on the bacterial predation rate by rumen protozoa were carried out under laboratory conditions using a technique of fluorescence-labeled bacteria （FLB）. Four Xuhuai goats were used in this experiment to obtain rumen protozoa and bacteria. Two groups were designed as follows： One group was the whole bacteria which were labeled using fluorescence through removing free bacteria from rumen fluid （WFLB）; the other group was the bacteria which were labeled using fluorescence without removing free bacteria from rumen fluid （FLB）. The result indicated that the bacterial predation rates of rumen protozoa was 398.4 cells/（cell h） for the group WFLB, 230.4 cells/（cell h） for the group FLB, when the corresponding values expressed as bacteria-N, they were 2.15 pg N/（cell h） for the group WFLB, and 1.24 pg N/（cell h） for the group FLB, respectively. Extrapolating the assimilation quantity of nitrogen by ciliates on bacteria of Xuhuai goat, there were 103.2 mg N/（d capita） for the group WFLB, and 59.5 mg N/（d capita） for the group FLB, respectively. It was estimated that protein losses due to microbial recycling were 0.645 g pro/（d capita） for the group WFLB and 0.372 g pro/（d capita） for the group FLB, respectively. In addition, the fluorescence-labeled technique would be a potential assay for the determination of bacterial predation rate by rumen protozoa.展开更多
The introduction of multi-methods of Geo-logging at wellsite has become the major measurement of oil & gas exploration. From the early stage of manually geo-logging to the modern mudlogging with new techonlogies o...The introduction of multi-methods of Geo-logging at wellsite has become the major measurement of oil & gas exploration. From the early stage of manually geo-logging to the modern mudlogging with new techonlogies of MWD, LWD and QFT etc. The new technologies have played very important roles in the exploring of oil & gas. Being one of the newest technology of mudlogging, QFT has been widely used in oilfield for about 3 years. When it is put in operation in some oilfields of China in 1997, its advantages in oil & gas detection at wellsite have been continuously recognized,especially in the detection of shows of light oil and condensed oil. A set of powerful classification standard of resource rock oil bearing grades and the interpretation standards have been summarized by the application of the quantitative fluorescencelogging techniques (QFT) in Basins of China, together with gas-logging data, and other information got from the Geo-logging procedures at wellsite.展开更多
A fluorescent competitive assay for melamine was first developed utilizing dummy molecularly imprinted polymers（DMIPs） as artificial antibodies. This method is based on the competition between fluorescent substances...A fluorescent competitive assay for melamine was first developed utilizing dummy molecularly imprinted polymers（DMIPs） as artificial antibodies. This method is based on the competition between fluorescent substances and the unlabeled analyte for binding sites in synthesized DMIPs and the decreased binding of fluorescent substances to DMIPs due to increased concentrations of melamine in the solutions. DMIPs for melamine were synthesized under a hot water bath in the presence of the initiator azobisisobutyronitrile（AIBN） using 2,4-diamino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine（DAMT） as a dummy template, methacrylic acid（MAA） as a functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate（EGDMA） as a crosslinking agent. The adsorption capacity and selectivity of DMIPs for melamine were evaluated by the isothermal adsorption curve and Scatchard analysis. The evaluation results showed that the synthesized DMIPs had specific recognition sites for melamine and the maximum adsorption amount was 1 066.33 μg g^（-1）. Later, 5-（4,6-d ichlorotriazinyl） amino fluorescein（DTAF） with a triazine ring, which s lightly resembles m elamine, w as selected as the fluorescent substance. The fluorescent competitive assay using DMIPs as t he antibody mimics was finally established by selecting and optimizing the reaction solvents, DMIPs amount, DTAF concentration, and incubation time. The optimal detection system showed a linear response w ithin range of 0.05-40 mg L^（-1） and the limit of detection（LOD） was 1.23 μg L^（-1）. It was successfully applied to the detection of melamine in spiked milk samples wi th satisfactory recoveries（71.9 to 86.3%）. According to the comparative analysis, the result of optimized fluorescent competitive assay re vealed excellent agreement with the HPLC-MS/MS result for melamine.展开更多
The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers.Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various...The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers.Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal,pathological or experimental conditions.Today,methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience research.In this review,we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures,from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining methods.Considering the lipoprotein nature of myelin,the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described,as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.展开更多
Nanowires/nanorods of europium/terbium orthophosphate monohydrate with Eu^3＋ concentration of 6, 11, and 20 at.% were prepared by microwave synthesis method. The effects of Eu^3＋ doping concentration on structure, m...Nanowires/nanorods of europium/terbium orthophosphate monohydrate with Eu^3＋ concentration of 6, 11, and 20 at.% were prepared by microwave synthesis method. The effects of Eu^3＋ doping concentration on structure, morphology and optical properties of nanomaterials were also investigated. The results showed that, for all studied Eu^3＋ doping concentrations, a single-crystalline phase of rhabdophane-type （Eu,Tb）PO4·H2O nanowires/nanorods was obtained by using microwave heating of an aqueous solution of terbium（Ⅲ） nitrate, europium（Ⅲ） nitrate and NH4H2PO4 with pH=2. The length and width of these nanowires/nanorods ranged from 150 to 300 nm and from 10 to 50 nm, respectively. The evidence of energy transfer from Tb^3＋ to Eu^3＋ due to the energy overlap between the donor Tb^3＋ and the acceptor Eu^3＋was observed obviously via a significant enhancement in the luminescent intensity of Eu^3＋. Keywords：展开更多
The “oxygen burst” phenomenon that appeared during the light-induction period of intact leaves could be monitored using a photoacoustic technique high time resolution. The relationship between oxygen bursts and dark...The “oxygen burst” phenomenon that appeared during the light-induction period of intact leaves could be monitored using a photoacoustic technique high time resolution. The relationship between oxygen bursts and dark-adapted time, far-red light pretreatment, photothermal signal, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence kinetics were investigated in the present study. Using extraneous inhibitors or cofactors of electron transport, a modified vacuum-infiltration method was undertaken to locate directly the site at which oxygen bursts of intact leaves occurred. We found that the photothermal signal showed little evidence of oscillation during the light-induction period. The oxygen burst was resolved into two components if dark-adapted time lasted longer than 20 min. Methyl viologen (MV) or far-red light could not eliminate the first component, whereas formate-Na (pH 7.0,20 μmol/L) eliminated the first component but had no effect on the second one. Furthermore, the photochemical quenching, the electron transport rate of Chl a fluorescence, and the first component of the oxygen bursts approached lowest values simultaneously. This evidence indicates that the site at which the first component of oxygen bursts occurred was located between photo-system (PS)I and PSII (i.e. the PQ pool). The formate-Na experiment also showed a linkage between the first component and the S state of oxygen evolution at the donor side of PSII. Furthermore, elimination of the second component by far-red light and absorption of the second component by MV indicated that the site at which the second component of oxygen bursts may be located at the acceptor side of PSII.展开更多
文摘Using the BrdU antibody technique followed by an immuno-chemical staining(BAT),the amplification o f DNA fragments specific to human Y chromosome on cell specimen slides was efficiently detected. Whether direct BrdU incorporation into PCR products or in situ hybridization with PCR products on slides, the amplified targetDNA fragments of specimen were visualized by BAT under the microscope. The availability of BAT and differencesin the sensitivity and efficiency between BAT and dig--if-dUTP labeling in cell in situ PCR were disCussed.
文摘The new double projecting neurons were found in the cat spinal dorsal horn by the double retrograde fluorescent tracing technique.Fast Blue(FB)was injected into unilateral dorsal column nucleus(DCN)of adult cats anesthetized with pentobarbital.Nuclear Yellow(NY)was injected ipsilaterally into the lateral cervical nucleus(LCN)8-9 days later.After an additional 18-30 hrs.
文摘A fast and indirect fluorescent antibody assay for the Vibrio alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus infecting the large yellow croaker has been developed. The specific antisera for the two strains of vibrio were prepared with New Zealand rabbit and the antiserum and cross-reactive efficacy was tested by coagulation in tube. It showed that the goat anti-rabbit IgG had been labeled by fluorescence isothiocyanate (FITC). The results showed that positive reactions were 100% for the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea with typical symptom of vibrio infection, while the positive reaction to the pathogen in healthy yellow croakers reached 40%, but seemed negative for aquaculture water. The results demonstrated that this fast and indirect fluorescent antibody assay can be used not only to test the vibrio pathogen in diseased yellow croaker but also in infected animals with no symptom.
文摘The electrophysiological methods using microelectrodes are not appropriate for the simultaneous measurement of neural activities of many neurons. To overcome the difficulty, the fluorescent imaging technique using voltage sensitive dyes can be a powerful technique. The voltage sensitive dyes, however, generally exhibit a relatively small change in their fluorescence intensities, resulting in a low S/N ratio. Additionally, they often exhibit photobleaching and phototoxity. We have therefore improved the fluorescent voltage imaging technique by using a LED as the light source and an electron multiplying (EM)-CCD camera as the fluorescence detector. In this study, we applied our imaging system for the measurement of two kind of molluscan neural activities;one of which is involved in the olfactory processing of the land slug Limax valentianus and the other is involved in the feeding rhythm of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The system enabled us to measure the neural activities for a long time with a high speed and a high S/N ratio, and the obtained results showed some new physiological findings.
基金carried out under the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30571344).
文摘Studies on the bacterial predation rate by rumen protozoa were carried out under laboratory conditions using a technique of fluorescence-labeled bacteria （FLB）. Four Xuhuai goats were used in this experiment to obtain rumen protozoa and bacteria. Two groups were designed as follows： One group was the whole bacteria which were labeled using fluorescence through removing free bacteria from rumen fluid （WFLB）; the other group was the bacteria which were labeled using fluorescence without removing free bacteria from rumen fluid （FLB）. The result indicated that the bacterial predation rates of rumen protozoa was 398.4 cells/（cell h） for the group WFLB, 230.4 cells/（cell h） for the group FLB, when the corresponding values expressed as bacteria-N, they were 2.15 pg N/（cell h） for the group WFLB, and 1.24 pg N/（cell h） for the group FLB, respectively. Extrapolating the assimilation quantity of nitrogen by ciliates on bacteria of Xuhuai goat, there were 103.2 mg N/（d capita） for the group WFLB, and 59.5 mg N/（d capita） for the group FLB, respectively. It was estimated that protein losses due to microbial recycling were 0.645 g pro/（d capita） for the group WFLB and 0.372 g pro/（d capita） for the group FLB, respectively. In addition, the fluorescence-labeled technique would be a potential assay for the determination of bacterial predation rate by rumen protozoa.
文摘The introduction of multi-methods of Geo-logging at wellsite has become the major measurement of oil & gas exploration. From the early stage of manually geo-logging to the modern mudlogging with new techonlogies of MWD, LWD and QFT etc. The new technologies have played very important roles in the exploring of oil & gas. Being one of the newest technology of mudlogging, QFT has been widely used in oilfield for about 3 years. When it is put in operation in some oilfields of China in 1997, its advantages in oil & gas detection at wellsite have been continuously recognized,especially in the detection of shows of light oil and condensed oil. A set of powerful classification standard of resource rock oil bearing grades and the interpretation standards have been summarized by the application of the quantitative fluorescencelogging techniques (QFT) in Basins of China, together with gas-logging data, and other information got from the Geo-logging procedures at wellsite.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31260620, 31471654)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201203094)
文摘A fluorescent competitive assay for melamine was first developed utilizing dummy molecularly imprinted polymers（DMIPs） as artificial antibodies. This method is based on the competition between fluorescent substances and the unlabeled analyte for binding sites in synthesized DMIPs and the decreased binding of fluorescent substances to DMIPs due to increased concentrations of melamine in the solutions. DMIPs for melamine were synthesized under a hot water bath in the presence of the initiator azobisisobutyronitrile（AIBN） using 2,4-diamino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine（DAMT） as a dummy template, methacrylic acid（MAA） as a functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate（EGDMA） as a crosslinking agent. The adsorption capacity and selectivity of DMIPs for melamine were evaluated by the isothermal adsorption curve and Scatchard analysis. The evaluation results showed that the synthesized DMIPs had specific recognition sites for melamine and the maximum adsorption amount was 1 066.33 μg g^（-1）. Later, 5-（4,6-d ichlorotriazinyl） amino fluorescein（DTAF） with a triazine ring, which s lightly resembles m elamine, w as selected as the fluorescent substance. The fluorescent competitive assay using DMIPs as t he antibody mimics was finally established by selecting and optimizing the reaction solvents, DMIPs amount, DTAF concentration, and incubation time. The optimal detection system showed a linear response w ithin range of 0.05-40 mg L^（-1） and the limit of detection（LOD） was 1.23 μg L^（-1）. It was successfully applied to the detection of melamine in spiked milk samples wi th satisfactory recoveries（71.9 to 86.3%）. According to the comparative analysis, the result of optimized fluorescent competitive assay re vealed excellent agreement with the HPLC-MS/MS result for melamine.
基金supported by the Spanish“Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica,Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica,Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad(Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢ)”,Grant FIS PI20-0318 co-financed by“Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional ERDF-FEDER European Union”Grant P18-RT-5059“Plan Andaluz de Investigación,Desarrollo e Innovación(PAIDI 2020),Consejería de Transformación Económica,Industria,Conocimiento y Universidades,Junta de Andalucía,Espana”(all to VC)Grant PPJIA202219“Ayudas del plan propio UGR 2022,Plan propio de investigación y transferencia,Universidad de Granada,Espana”(to JCA andóDGG)。
文摘The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers.Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal,pathological or experimental conditions.Today,methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience research.In this review,we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures,from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining methods.Considering the lipoprotein nature of myelin,the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described,as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.
基金Project supported by Vietnamese National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) (103.06-2010.16)
文摘Nanowires/nanorods of europium/terbium orthophosphate monohydrate with Eu^3＋ concentration of 6, 11, and 20 at.% were prepared by microwave synthesis method. The effects of Eu^3＋ doping concentration on structure, morphology and optical properties of nanomaterials were also investigated. The results showed that, for all studied Eu^3＋ doping concentrations, a single-crystalline phase of rhabdophane-type （Eu,Tb）PO4·H2O nanowires/nanorods was obtained by using microwave heating of an aqueous solution of terbium（Ⅲ） nitrate, europium（Ⅲ） nitrate and NH4H2PO4 with pH=2. The length and width of these nanowires/nanorods ranged from 150 to 300 nm and from 10 to 50 nm, respectively. The evidence of energy transfer from Tb^3＋ to Eu^3＋ due to the energy overlap between the donor Tb^3＋ and the acceptor Eu^3＋was observed obviously via a significant enhancement in the luminescent intensity of Eu^3＋. Keywords：
文摘The “oxygen burst” phenomenon that appeared during the light-induction period of intact leaves could be monitored using a photoacoustic technique high time resolution. The relationship between oxygen bursts and dark-adapted time, far-red light pretreatment, photothermal signal, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence kinetics were investigated in the present study. Using extraneous inhibitors or cofactors of electron transport, a modified vacuum-infiltration method was undertaken to locate directly the site at which oxygen bursts of intact leaves occurred. We found that the photothermal signal showed little evidence of oscillation during the light-induction period. The oxygen burst was resolved into two components if dark-adapted time lasted longer than 20 min. Methyl viologen (MV) or far-red light could not eliminate the first component, whereas formate-Na (pH 7.0,20 μmol/L) eliminated the first component but had no effect on the second one. Furthermore, the photochemical quenching, the electron transport rate of Chl a fluorescence, and the first component of the oxygen bursts approached lowest values simultaneously. This evidence indicates that the site at which the first component of oxygen bursts occurred was located between photo-system (PS)I and PSII (i.e. the PQ pool). The formate-Na experiment also showed a linkage between the first component and the S state of oxygen evolution at the donor side of PSII. Furthermore, elimination of the second component by far-red light and absorption of the second component by MV indicated that the site at which the second component of oxygen bursts may be located at the acceptor side of PSII.
