A THREE-WAY ARRAY MODEL FOR RESOLVING MULTICOMPONENT FLUORESCENT MIXTURES

Fluorescence lifetime provides a third independent dimension of information for the reso-lution of total luminescence spectra of multicomponent mixtures. The incorporation of this pa-rameter into the Excitation-Emission Matrix (EEM) by the phase-modulation technique resultsin a three-dimensional Excitation-Emission-Frequency Array (EEFA). Multicomponent analysisbased on the three-dimensional EEFA brings a qualitative change for the resolved spectra, i.e.,individual spectra can be uniquely resolved, which is impossible with any two-dimensional anal-ysis. In this paper, we present a method for analyzing the EEFA. We show mathematicallythat with the three-dimensional analysis of the EEFA individual spectra and lifetimes can be ob-tained. Our algorithm is developed in mathematical detail and demonstrated by its applicationto a two-component mixture.

On the road towards the global analysis of human synapses

Synapses are essential units for the flow of information in the brain.Over the last 70 years,synapses have been widely studied in multiple animal models including worms,fruit flies,and rodents.In comparison,the study of human synapses has evolved significantly slower,mainly because of technical limitations.However,three novel methods allowing the analysis of molecular,morphological,and functional properties of human synapses may expand our knowledge of the human brain.Here,we briefly describe these methods,and evaluate how the information provided by each unique approach may contribute to the functional and anatomical analysis of the synaptic component of human brain circuitries.In particular,using tissue from cryopreserved human brains,synaptic plasticity can be studied in isolated synaptosomes by fluorescence analysis of single-synapse long-term potentiation（FASS-LTP）,and subpopulations of synapses can be thoroughly assessed in the ribbons of brain tissue by array tomography（AT）.Currently,it is also possible to quantify synaptic density in the living human brain by positron emission tomography（PET）,using a novel synaptic radio-ligand.Overall,data provided by FASS-LTP,AT,and PET may significantly contribute to the global understanding of synaptic structure and function in both healthy and diseased human brains,thus directly impacting translational research.

Information encryption with a high information-carrying capacity based on a stimulus-responsive hydrogen-bonded organic framework and a smartphone

Information-carrying capacity has become an important factor in the development of encryption and anti-counterfeiting.Herein,a hydrogen-bonded organic framework(HOF-PyTTA)was developed as novel anti-counterfeiting ink without rare metals and a smartphone-based APP was written for encryption and anti-counterfeiting.We found that the fluorescence of HOF-PyTTA can be quenched by Fe^(3+)ions and recovered by the addition of ascorbic acid.And the fluorescence of HOF-PyTTA can be enhanced by the increasing concentrations of ethanol.Based on these stimulus-response properties,four anti-counterfeiting models with gradually increased security were studied.Mode one was printed by HOFs ink and decrypted by UV light.Mode two was based on HOF-PyTTA and CsPbBr_(3)inks(or HOF-PyTTA-Fe^(3+))which are used to separately print the genuine and pirated information.A decryption reagent was applied to get the genuine information.Furthermore,we successfully construct a dynamic information encryption anti-counterfeiting model using a fluorescence array in combination with an information encryption anticounterfeiting APP.The circular array is printed by several concentrations of HOF-PyTTA ink and different RGB thresholds are set with the help of the information encryption anti-counterfeiting APP,to obtain distinct encrypted anti-counterfeiting information,thus accomplishing a high information-carrying capacity.