Synthesis of New Near-infrared Fluorescent Dyes

A new near-infrared fluorescent dye, 9-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamino-6-carbethoxy-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one 1, was prepared from the reaction of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-4-nitrosoaniline hydrochloride and ethyl 1,3-dihydroxynaphthoate. Five more fluorescent compounds were synthesized by the reaction of the resulting dye 1 with appropriate amino acid or carboxylic acids.

Chromaticity Characteristics of Fluorescent Dyes in Cloth

Chromaticity characteristics of several fluorescent dyes in cloth were studied in terms of chromaticity diagram. The dominant wavelength and color purity of the samples were calculated and chromaticity diagrams were drawn to provide countermeasures with which the perceptual color attributes such as hue and saturation are correlated.

Synthesis and Fluorescence Spectra of Triazolylcoumarin Fluorescent Dyes

Much attention is devoted to fluorescent dyes especially those with potential in versatile applications.Reactions under "click" conditions between nonfluorescent 3-azidocoumarins and terminal alkynes produced 3-(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)coumarins,a novel type of fluorescent dyes with intense fluorescence.The structures of the new coumarins were characterized by 1H NMR,MS,and IR spectra.Fluorescence spectra measurement demonstrated excellent fluorescence performance of the triazolylcoumarins and this click reaction is a promising candidate for bioconjugation and bioimaging applications since both azide and alkynes are quite inert to biological systems.

Syntheses of Some Organic Fluorescent Dyes for Security Tickers

Five organic fluorescence dyes were synthesized by two- or three-step reactions. These synthetic methods have an advantage of the simple processes, low costs and high yields. The compositions of the five compounds are characterized by IR, 1H NMR, elemental analyses and fluorescence spectroscopies. The quantum yields of fluorescence were measured.

Monitoring Xylem Transport in the Stem of Lilium lancifolium Using Fluorescent Dye 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein Diacetate

The xylem undergoes physiological changes in response to various environmental conditions during the process of plant growth.To understand these physiological changes,it is extremely important to observe the transport of xylem.In this study,the distribution and structure of vascular bundle in Lilium lancifolium were observed using the method of semithin section.Methods for introducing a fluorescent tracer into the xylem of the stems were evaluated.Then,the transport rule of 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate(CFDA)in the xylem of the stem of L.lancifolium was studied by fluorescence dye in live cells tracer technology.The results showed that the vascular bundles of L.lancifolium were scattered in the basic tissue,the peripheral vascular bundles were smaller and densely distributed,and the closer to the center,the larger the volume of vascular bundles and the more sparsely distributed.The vascular bundles of L.lancifolium are limited external tenacity vascular bundles,which are composed of phloem and xylem.The most suitable method for CFDA labeling the xylem of isolated stem segments of L.lancifolium was solution soaking for 24 h.The running speed of CF in the isolated stem was 0.3 cm/h,which was consistent with the running speed of the material in the field.CF could be transported between the xylem and parenchyma cells,indicating that the material transport in the xylem could be through the symplastic pathway.The above results laid a foundation for the study of the xylem transport mechanism and the xylem pathogen disease of lily.

Upconversion nanoparticles for differential imaging of plant cells and detection of fluorescent dyes

Upconversion NaLuF4 nanoparticles were synthesized by the solvothermal method which could emit multicolor visible light under the excitation of 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) photons. These upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with an acidic ligand could rapidly capture the basic rhodamine-B (RB) in plant cells to generate a close UCNPs@RB system. RB could efficiently absorb the green fluorescence from NaLuF4:18 mol.%Yb3+,2 mol.%Er3+ UCNPs and then emitted red light in the UCNPs@RB system by a robust luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) from UCNPs to RB. The detection limit of RB with these upconversion fluo-rescent nanoprobes could reach 0.25μg/cm3 in plant cell even under an ultra low excitation power source of 0.2 W/mm2. This LRET phenomenon was also extended to NaLuF4:18 mol.%Yb3+,0.5 mol.%Tm3+@Sodium fluorescein (SF) system. In addition, the differ-ential imaging could be achieved by successively incubating plant cells with fluorescent dyes and UCNPs. The fluorescent dyes ag-gregated in cell wall while UCNPs with surface modification distributed both in cell wall and cytoplasm, so that UCNPs@Dyes formed in cell walls which could emit multicolor light by LRET which was different from the emission in cytoplasm with only UCNPs.

Synthesis, properties and application of novel 5,6,5,6-tetracyclic pyrazine/pyrrole-fused unsymmetric bis（BF2） fluorescent dyes:BOPYPYs

Novel 5,6,5,6-tetracyclic pyrazine/pyrrole-fused unsymmetric bis(BF2) fluorescent dyes(BOPYPYs) were obtained by reaction of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde with 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)hydrazine in the presence of Et3 N-BF3·Et2 O for the first time.The absorption maxima of pyrazine-fused BOPYPY are obviously bathochromic shifts,in contrast to those of the reported BOPPY,indicating that the discrepant substitute groups between pyridine and pyrazine result in the remarkable wavelength difference.The new series of BO PYPYs possess high molar extinction coefficients,high fluorescence quantum yields,and larger Stokes shifts.A Knoevenagel reaction of BOPYPY with 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde smoothly produced the dye with the extension of π-conjugation.Dimethylamino-containing BOPYPY as a pH-responsive fluorescent sensor could detect pH value.

Synthesis and application of rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dyes with spacer linker arm

When rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dyes are used to track target molecules they always perturb the behavior of target molecules because of steric hindrance effect. In order to minimize potential steric problems, a kind of rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dye with spacer linker arm was designed and synthesized and its application in immunofluorescence histochemistry was investigated.

Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and TD-DFT Calculation of Fluorescent Dyes Based on Pyrenylthiazoles

Pyrene is one of significant fluorescent material and its fluorescence properties are excellent.It has been widely used for such as OLEDs,DSCs,LMOGs and so on[1-5].What＇s more,pyrene has been successfully applied to signaling the presence of metal ions,nucleic acids,proteins and so on[6-9].Thus,the development of the fluorescent dyes based on pyrene has been a research focus[10-12].However,the synthesis of many pyrene derivatives needed the high-cost coupling reaction such as Heck reaction and Suzuki reaction[1-3,10-12].

Novel Water Soluble Fluorescent Trimethine Indocyanines Containing N-ρ-Carboxybenzyl Group

Two fluorescent indocyanine dyes containing at least one p-carboxybenzyl group on the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic rings were designed and synthesized. Their absorption maxima were 549 nm and 551 nm in water respectively. They had good water solubility and photostability.

Simple substituents make big differences in photophysical performances of 2,1,3-benzothiadizole-conjugated spiropyrans

Developing multifunctional spiropyran dyes is of particular importance in diverse applications.In the present study,we synthesized two 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-conjugated spiropyrans(BT-SP-NO2and BTSP-NMe2)with distinct substituents.These donor-acceptor-structured spiropyrans exhibited typical twisted intramolecular charge transfer features and strong emissions in low-polarity solvents with fluorescence quantum yields(QYs)of up to 90.7%.Like traditional spiropyrans,the electron-acceptor-substituted BT-SP-NO2exhibited excellent photochromic behavior under multiple alternating UV—Vis irradiation,while the electron-donor-substituted BT-SP-NMe2was an acidochromic dye.In addition,the substituent groups distinctly affected the packing modes of these spiropyrans in the solid state.BTSP-NMe2showed a much stronger solid-state emission(QY of 59.0%)than BT-SP-NO2.Moreover,these two dyes were utilized as biocompatible probes for the specific light-up imaging of lipid droplets.

Green Light-Emitting Organic Electroluminescent Device with a New Fluorescent Dye Dispersed in Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) Emitter Layer

Double-layer organic electroluminescent devices have been constructed. A new fluorescent dye, 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracence, was chosen as the dopant which was molecularly dispersed in the polymer film, and green light was observed from the device with luminance of 130cd/m(2) at 17V.

Multicolor Anti-counterfeiting Strategy and Synchronous High Capacity Storage Based on Acidochromic Organic Fluorescent Materials

Comprehensive Summary Many industries are plagued by economic losses and product failures caused by counterfeit goods.Therefore,advanced anti-counterfeiting techniques are continuously needed.In this study,we constructed a series of acid-base sensitive cyclic chalcone dyes A—F by modifying different electron-donating groups.Differences in acid sensitivity of different structures are well rationalised by NMR and theoretical calculations.Aniline is difficult to protonate than fatty amines,so there is a difference in fluorescence.Hiding and anti-counterfeiting of information is achieved by this phenomenon.Powder X and Y are the anti-counterfeit fluorescent powder containing montmorillonite and cyclic chalcone,which have orange fluorescence and the very similar appearance.However,under the influence of acid the Powder X containing triphenylamine modified cyclic chalcone shows red shifted fluorescence and Powder Y containing morpholino and diethylamino groups modified cyclic chalcone shows blue shifted fluorescence.Therefore,the anti-counterfeiting strategy based on cyclic chalcone is not only limited to UV-irradiated fluorescence development,but also has more colorization and pattern variations with the aid of acid developer.Data encryption and decryption of numbers,English alphabets and Chinese characters have been realized using A—F,which have great potential for practical applications.

Effects of Taxotere on invasive potential and multidrug resistance phenotype in pancreatic carcinoma cell line SUIT-2

INTRODUCTIONDevelopment of drug-resistance to chemotherapyand subsequent metastasis of tumor are primarilyresponsible for treatment failure and the death fromcancer. There have been many previous studies onthe relationship between expression of multidrugresistance (MDR) phenotype P-glycoprotein (P-gp)and the malignant properties of tumors, but theresults are often conflicting[1-8]. The difference intumor types or MDR phenotype induced by specificagents might account for this discrepancy. Taxotere(TXT), a member of the family of taxanes, hasantitumor activity through its effect of promotingthe polymerization of tubulin[9,10].

Enhancement of electroluminescent properties of organic optoelectronic integrated device by doping phosphorescent dye

Organic optoelectronic integrated devices（OIDs） with ultraviolet（UV） photodetectivity and different color emitting were constructed by using a thermally activated delayed fluorescence（TADF） material 4, 5-bis（carbazol-9-yl）-1, 2-dicyanobenzene（2 CzPN） as host. The OIDs doping with typical red phosphorescent dye [tris（1-phenylisoquinoline）iridium（Ⅲ）, Ir（piq）3], orange phosphorescent dye {bis[2-（4-tertbutylphenyl）benzothiazolato-N,C-（2＇）]iridium（acetylacetonate）,（tbt）2 Ir（acac）}, and blue phosphorescent dye [bis（2, 4-di-fluorophenylpyridinato）-tetrakis（1-pyrazolyl）borate iridium（Ⅲ）, FIr6] were investigated and compared. The（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped orange device showed better performance than those of red and blue devices, which was ascribed to more effective energy transfer. Meanwhile, at a low dopant concentration of 3 wt.%, the（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped OIDs showed the maximum luminance, current efficiency, power efficiency of 70786 cd/m^2, 39.55 cd/A, and 23.92 lm/W, respectively, and a decent detectivity of 1.07 × 10^11 Jones at a bias of -2 V under the UV-350 nm illumination. This work may arouse widespread interest in constructing high efficiency and luminance OIDs based on doping phosphorescent dye.

SUPPRESSION OF SIDELOBES IN SINGLE-PHOTON 4PI CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY BY FORSTER RESONANT ENERGY TRANSFER

Recently,we theoretically demonstrate that utilization of silica nanobeads co-doped with Cy3 and Cy5 molecules instead of single dye molecules asfluorescent labels can enable optical resolutions far beyond the diffraction-limit.Here,we show that by combining the 4Pi microscopy and the novelfluorescent label,it is possible to completely suppress the sidelobes in 4Pi focal spot and significantly enhance the optical resolution in the axial direction.

Synthesis and application of Vis/NIR dialkylaminophenylbuta-1,3-dienyl borondipyrromethene dyes

Mono- and bis-dialkylaminophenylbuta-l,3-dienyl boron-dipyrromethenes （BODIPYs） 1-12 were synthesized in 36%-42% yields by a Knoevenagel-type condensation. The absorption and emission maxima （λabs = 614-739 rim; ,λem = 655-776 nm in CHCI3） of 1-12 covered from the visible to the near- infrared region. Probe I was ratiometric Vis pH probes. Such probe was almost non-fluorescent. Upon the protonation of the tertiary amine function of 1, the strong fluorescence （φf =0.97） was released and the florescence intensity was dramatically increased by one thousand folds. The sharp isosbestic points were discovered at 590 nm, which was a ratiometric pH probe.

Chemical tags and beyond:Live-cell protein labeling technologies for modern optical imaging

Imaging proteins with high resolution is crucial for studying cellular physiology and pathology.Fluorescence imaging is a privileged method to visualize proteins with subcellular precision in live cells.In recent years,there has been a tremendous advance in the field of fluorescent dyes that are optically more sophisticated than genetically-encodable fluorescent proteins.In this review,we aim to discuss modern bioconjugation methods to specifically incorporate these dyes into protein-of-interests.We focus on advances in live-cell labeling strategies and fluorescent probes,especially the HaloTag,SNAP-tag,TMP-tag,and unnatural amino acid systems and their applications.These protein labeling methods,along with cutting-edge dyes and novel microscopy methods,have become the infrastructure for biological research in the era of super-resolution imaging.

Review on Recent Developments of Fluorescent Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Optical Fiber Sensors

Oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors are involved in many chemical and biochemical reactions. Consequently, considerable efforts over years have been devoted to discover and improve suitable techniques for measuring gas concentrations by optical fiber sensors. Optical gas sensors consist of a gas-sensitive dye entrapped in a matrix with a high permeability to gas. With such sensors, gas concentration is evaluated based upon the reduction in luminescence intensity caused by gas quenching of the emitting state. However, the luminescence quenching effect of oxygen is highly sensitive to temperature. Thus, a simple, low-cost plastic optical fiber sensor for dual sensing of temperature and oxygen is presented. Also, a modified Stern-Volmer model is introduced to compensate for the temperature drift while the temperature is obtained by above dual sensor. Recently, we presented highly-sensitive oxygen and dissolved oxygen sensors comprising an optical fiber coated at one end with platinum （II） meso-tetrakis（pentafluorophenyl）porphyrin （PtTFPP） and PtTFPP entrapped core-shell silica nanoparticles embedded in an n-octyltriethoxysilane（Octyl-triEOS）/tetraethylorthosilane （TEOS） composite xerogel. Also, two-dimensional gas measurement for the distribution of chemical parameters in non-homogeneous samples is developed and is of interest in medical and biological researches.

Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Based on Novel Red-emission BODIPY for Determination of Bovine Serum Albumin

A novel red-emission boron-dipyrromethene（BODIPY） dye with a pyrrole ring was synthesized simply via one-pot reaction. The spectral properties of it were investigated under the conditions of different solvents. The results show that the as-prepared BODIPY dye is extremely sensitive to solvent polarity, and the fluorescent emission enhances with the decrease of solvent polarity. In aqueous buffer, the addition of bovine serum albumin leads to a ratiometric change in absorption spectra with an association constant of 1.16×10^6 L/mol. Meanwhile, the fluorescence emission increases greatly at 622 nm but changes slightly at 575 nm. The response time is very short（less than 3 min）, and the changes of color can be noticed by naked eyes. Bovine serum albumin can be detected by this ratiometric fluorescence probe, but other proteins or enzymes cannot be detected by this method, which indicates that this novel dye has high selectivity towards bovine serum albumin. The reason is that bovine serum albumin has suitable hydro- phobic cavities for binding with the dye. In addition, the dye molecule can penetrate cell membrane easily and make a fast fluorescent stain, which makes it a potential probe for living-cell fluorescence imaging.