Air–sea exchange plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of tropical cyclones（TCs）. Although studies have suggested the dependence of air–sea fluxes on surface waves and sea spray, how these processe...Air–sea exchange plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of tropical cyclones（TCs）. Although studies have suggested the dependence of air–sea fluxes on surface waves and sea spray, how these processes modify those fluxes under TC conditions have not been sufficiently investigated based on in-situ observations.Using continuous meteorological and surface wave data from a moored buoy in the northern South China Sea,this study examines the effects of surface waves and sea spray on air–sea fluxes during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit. The mooring was within about 40 km of the center of Hagupit. Surface waves could increase momentum flux to the ocean by about 15%, and sea spray enhanced both sensible and latent heat fluxes to the atmosphere,causing Hagupit to absorb 500 W/m^2 more heat flux from the ocean. These results have powerful implications for understanding TC–ocean interaction and improving TC intensity forecasting.展开更多
讨论非结构网格上温度扩散方程的能流计算方法.应用有限点方法(Finite Point Method,简称FPM)导出基于有限点两点公式和三点公式的能流计算公式,该公式适用于任意多边形及非匹配网格等非结构网格;给出网格角点温度新的计算公式.数值试...讨论非结构网格上温度扩散方程的能流计算方法.应用有限点方法(Finite Point Method,简称FPM)导出基于有限点两点公式和三点公式的能流计算公式,该公式适用于任意多边形及非匹配网格等非结构网格;给出网格角点温度新的计算公式.数值试验表明:基于两点公式的离散解和基于三点公式的离散解均具有平方阶的收敛速度;基于三点公式的离散解的精度总优于基于两点公式的离散解.展开更多
基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.LR15D060001the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interactions under contract No.GASI-IPOVAI-04the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41476021,41706034 and 41321004
文摘Air–sea exchange plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of tropical cyclones（TCs）. Although studies have suggested the dependence of air–sea fluxes on surface waves and sea spray, how these processes modify those fluxes under TC conditions have not been sufficiently investigated based on in-situ observations.Using continuous meteorological and surface wave data from a moored buoy in the northern South China Sea,this study examines the effects of surface waves and sea spray on air–sea fluxes during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit. The mooring was within about 40 km of the center of Hagupit. Surface waves could increase momentum flux to the ocean by about 15%, and sea spray enhanced both sensible and latent heat fluxes to the atmosphere,causing Hagupit to absorb 500 W/m^2 more heat flux from the ocean. These results have powerful implications for understanding TC–ocean interaction and improving TC intensity forecasting.
文摘讨论非结构网格上温度扩散方程的能流计算方法.应用有限点方法(Finite Point Method,简称FPM)导出基于有限点两点公式和三点公式的能流计算公式,该公式适用于任意多边形及非匹配网格等非结构网格;给出网格角点温度新的计算公式.数值试验表明:基于两点公式的离散解和基于三点公式的离散解均具有平方阶的收敛速度;基于三点公式的离散解的精度总优于基于两点公式的离散解.
