[Objectives] The effects of copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics,yield,accumulation and distribution of trace elements in various organs,disease prevention effect and soil enzyme a...[Objectives] The effects of copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics,yield,accumulation and distribution of trace elements in various organs,disease prevention effect and soil enzyme activity were studied,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of foliar fertilizers in cotton production. [Methods]Through two years of field experiments,six treatments were set in total,namely spraying water( CK),traditional Bordeaux mixture( BDM),Kocide 2000( KCD),copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer( CF),iron-copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer( CFFe),and zinc-boron-copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer( CFZnB). Randomized block arrangement was adopted. Chlorophyll content in leaves was measured at each growth stage of the cotton. Photosynthetic characteristics of leaves were measured at the peak bolling stage. Plants were sampled at initial boll opening stage. The whole plant was divided into root,stem,leaf and cotton boll parts,in which the total copper,total zinc,total iron contents and accumulations were determined. Soil samples were collected from each plot,followed by the determination of soil enzyme activity. Disease index was investigated at bud,flowering and boll-forming and boll opening stage. [Results]( 1) Spraying CFFe,CFZnB,CF and KCD could significantly improve chlorophyll content of cotton leaves,and the CFFe treatment had the highest increase up to13. 30%,followed by the CFZnB treatment,which was 11. 40% higher than the CK; and photosynthetic rate,stomata conductance and transpiration rate could be improved significantly,and the CFFe treatment showed the highest photosynthetic rate,which increased by 26. 35% compared with the CK,followed by the CFZnB treatment,which increased by 17. 96% compared with CK; and intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly reduced.( 2) Spraying BDM,KCD,CF,CFFe and CFZnB can significantly increase total copper content and accumulation in various cotton organs( except the total copper content in the stem part of the CFZnB treatment; the CFZnB and CFFe treatments can significantly increase total zinc content and accumulation in various cotton organs; and spraying CFFe,CFZnB and CF can significantly increase total iron content and accumulation in various cotton organs( except the total iron content in the stem part of the CF treatment).( 3)Spraying CFFe,CFZnB,CF,KCD and BDM greatly reduced the disease index at flowering and boll-forming and boll opening stages.( 4) The CFZnB and CFFe treatments had the highest soil urease activity,which was 7. 14% higher than that of the CK,but the difference from the CK was not significant; the catalase activity of each treatment was significantly higher than that of the BDM treatment; and the sucrase activity of each treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK.( 5) Spraying CFFe,CFZnB,CF and KCD significantly improved lint yield of cotton,and the CFZnB treatment showed the highest yield increase up to 12. 34%,followed by the CFFe treatment,with an increase in the range of 8. 77%-10. 20%. [Conclusions]Copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizers have dual functions of disease control and prevention and plant nutrition and health care,and not only can significantly increase cotton yield,but also has certain disease prevention effect.It is recommended to use copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizers.展开更多
探索黑糯玉米硒吸收利用和籽粒营养品质对叶面喷施有机硒肥的响应,对生产中合理施用硒肥,进而支撑山西“特”“优”农业高质量发展具有重要意义。本研究以品种晋鲜糯8号为试验材料,于2020—2021年连续2年在山西晋中黑糯玉米典型种植区...探索黑糯玉米硒吸收利用和籽粒营养品质对叶面喷施有机硒肥的响应,对生产中合理施用硒肥,进而支撑山西“特”“优”农业高质量发展具有重要意义。本研究以品种晋鲜糯8号为试验材料,于2020—2021年连续2年在山西晋中黑糯玉米典型种植区开展田间试验,设置一次喷施不同用量有机硒0、6和12 g Se hm^(-2),以及喷施量12 g Se hm^(-2)条件下分2次喷施,共4个处理,研究叶喷有机硒对黑糯玉米产量、硒吸收利用、籽粒花青素和铁锰铜锌含量的影响。结果表明,喷硒量和喷硒次数对黑糯玉米鲜食期籽粒产量和成熟期地上部各器官干物质量无影响。相比不喷硒,喷硒可提高鲜食期籽粒和成熟期地上部各器官硒含量、硒积累。喷硒12 g Se hm^(-2)时,籽粒硒含量达到满足人体硒营养需求的最低目标值100μg kg^(–1),增幅最大,介于110~181μg kg^(–1)。成熟期,植株各器官硒积累从高到低依次为叶片、籽粒、茎秆、苞叶、穗轴。喷硒12 g Se hm^(-2),分2次喷施的平均籽粒硒强化指数和籽粒硒回收率分别为6.95(μg kg^(–1))(g hm^(-2))^(–1)和2.4%,优于1次喷施。同时,鲜食期籽粒花青素和铁锰锌含量也最高, 2年平均值分别为209、27.9、15.9和22.8 mg kg^(–1),但各处理间籽粒铜含量无差异。因此,兼顾硒吸收利用和籽粒营养品质同步提升,该区黑糯玉米生产中叶喷有机硒肥用量至少应不低于12 g Se hm^(-2),且分2次喷施效果较优。展开更多
文摘[Objectives] The effects of copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics,yield,accumulation and distribution of trace elements in various organs,disease prevention effect and soil enzyme activity were studied,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of foliar fertilizers in cotton production. [Methods]Through two years of field experiments,six treatments were set in total,namely spraying water( CK),traditional Bordeaux mixture( BDM),Kocide 2000( KCD),copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer( CF),iron-copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer( CFFe),and zinc-boron-copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizer( CFZnB). Randomized block arrangement was adopted. Chlorophyll content in leaves was measured at each growth stage of the cotton. Photosynthetic characteristics of leaves were measured at the peak bolling stage. Plants were sampled at initial boll opening stage. The whole plant was divided into root,stem,leaf and cotton boll parts,in which the total copper,total zinc,total iron contents and accumulations were determined. Soil samples were collected from each plot,followed by the determination of soil enzyme activity. Disease index was investigated at bud,flowering and boll-forming and boll opening stage. [Results]( 1) Spraying CFFe,CFZnB,CF and KCD could significantly improve chlorophyll content of cotton leaves,and the CFFe treatment had the highest increase up to13. 30%,followed by the CFZnB treatment,which was 11. 40% higher than the CK; and photosynthetic rate,stomata conductance and transpiration rate could be improved significantly,and the CFFe treatment showed the highest photosynthetic rate,which increased by 26. 35% compared with the CK,followed by the CFZnB treatment,which increased by 17. 96% compared with CK; and intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly reduced.( 2) Spraying BDM,KCD,CF,CFFe and CFZnB can significantly increase total copper content and accumulation in various cotton organs( except the total copper content in the stem part of the CFZnB treatment; the CFZnB and CFFe treatments can significantly increase total zinc content and accumulation in various cotton organs; and spraying CFFe,CFZnB and CF can significantly increase total iron content and accumulation in various cotton organs( except the total iron content in the stem part of the CF treatment).( 3)Spraying CFFe,CFZnB,CF,KCD and BDM greatly reduced the disease index at flowering and boll-forming and boll opening stages.( 4) The CFZnB and CFFe treatments had the highest soil urease activity,which was 7. 14% higher than that of the CK,but the difference from the CK was not significant; the catalase activity of each treatment was significantly higher than that of the BDM treatment; and the sucrase activity of each treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK.( 5) Spraying CFFe,CFZnB,CF and KCD significantly improved lint yield of cotton,and the CFZnB treatment showed the highest yield increase up to 12. 34%,followed by the CFFe treatment,with an increase in the range of 8. 77%-10. 20%. [Conclusions]Copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizers have dual functions of disease control and prevention and plant nutrition and health care,and not only can significantly increase cotton yield,but also has certain disease prevention effect.It is recommended to use copper-based nutrient foliar fertilizers.
文摘探索黑糯玉米硒吸收利用和籽粒营养品质对叶面喷施有机硒肥的响应,对生产中合理施用硒肥,进而支撑山西“特”“优”农业高质量发展具有重要意义。本研究以品种晋鲜糯8号为试验材料,于2020—2021年连续2年在山西晋中黑糯玉米典型种植区开展田间试验,设置一次喷施不同用量有机硒0、6和12 g Se hm^(-2),以及喷施量12 g Se hm^(-2)条件下分2次喷施,共4个处理,研究叶喷有机硒对黑糯玉米产量、硒吸收利用、籽粒花青素和铁锰铜锌含量的影响。结果表明,喷硒量和喷硒次数对黑糯玉米鲜食期籽粒产量和成熟期地上部各器官干物质量无影响。相比不喷硒,喷硒可提高鲜食期籽粒和成熟期地上部各器官硒含量、硒积累。喷硒12 g Se hm^(-2)时,籽粒硒含量达到满足人体硒营养需求的最低目标值100μg kg^(–1),增幅最大,介于110~181μg kg^(–1)。成熟期,植株各器官硒积累从高到低依次为叶片、籽粒、茎秆、苞叶、穗轴。喷硒12 g Se hm^(-2),分2次喷施的平均籽粒硒强化指数和籽粒硒回收率分别为6.95(μg kg^(–1))(g hm^(-2))^(–1)和2.4%,优于1次喷施。同时,鲜食期籽粒花青素和铁锰锌含量也最高, 2年平均值分别为209、27.9、15.9和22.8 mg kg^(–1),但各处理间籽粒铜含量无差异。因此,兼顾硒吸收利用和籽粒营养品质同步提升,该区黑糯玉米生产中叶喷有机硒肥用量至少应不低于12 g Se hm^(-2),且分2次喷施效果较优。