ECSRE Analysis on Late Comer Strategy for Folk Custom Eco-tourism of Southeast Chongqing in the New Normal State

The development of late comers in the new normal state is a practical and urgent issue to be tackled by underdeveloped areas of China in current situation.The development strategy of late comers is economic development strategy different from economically developed areas.Five element strategic analysis model(ECSRE) stresses intrinsic features of things,which is favorable for making clear weakness of late comers and suitable for southeast Chongqing.With the aid of the ECSRE,on the basis of analyzing resources and external conditions,this paper made an in-depth analysis on late comer strategy for southeast Chongqing from the perspective of industry pattern attribute,development stages,individual characters and thinking pattern of decision-makers.It stresses regional cooperation,unified restriction,dislocation characteristics,institutional simulation and innovation and improving policy system,to stimulate strengths of late comers,so as to promote long-term rapid and sustainable development of folk custom eco-tourism in southeast Chongqing.

A Contrastive Study on Folk Custom Semantics of Chinese and English Words of Plants and Animals

This paper attempts to make a comparison of folk custom semantics on Chinese and English words of plants and animals.

Farming Ritual and Festival Folk Custom of Dong Ethnic Minority Group

In order to pray for harvest and express gratitude, Dong ethnic arranged sacrifices of farming in accordance with periodicity of rice production and its requirements to festivals and calendar. Meanwhile, New Year, Pray in Spring and Return in Autumn not only play significant roles in agricultural production, but also evolve to farming holidays which are enriched with more social connotations. Centered on husbandry and production, some folklore that is rich in local color has been formed in Dong society. The writer introduced some farming ritual of Dong ethnic group, such as, sowing, Kai Yang Men, Rain-praying, Chang Xin, reaping and Lunar New Year, summarized their belief in the land worship, festival ritual, ancestor ritual and ceres ritual. It is concluded that sacrifice is a production-related folklore, which is formed by repeated operation and constant practice. Some taboos were also prohibited in agricultural sacrifice because people were not able to change the unfavorable reality of farming with their insufficient experience and knowledge; however, they resorted to witchcraft for the purpose of harvest. It is believed that the activity of sacrifice will also be kept in the life of Dong ethnic group due to their dependency on agriculture and the land.

Analysis of Aesthetic Value and Tourism Development of Folk Custom Resources in Southeast Chongqing of China

Geographic conditions of southeast Chongqing were introduced, and characteristics of tourist landscapes in this area were analyzed by using connotations of tourism aesthetics and effect of "probability selection". Furthermore, aesthetic value of folk cultures was elaborated from the perspectives of basic aesthetic forms, such as beauty of ethnic buildings, folk customs, history and culture, and also special food. It was proposed that developing unique value of folk custom resources by applying tourism aesthetics and displaying the value in tourism development would contribute a lot to the preservation of beauty of local tourist cultures and development of tourism industry. Finally, suggestions were given for the protection and development of folk customs in southeast Chongqing in view of different development subjects, that is, government, tourist enterprises and the public.

Analysis on the Impacts of Precise Poverty Alleviation on Folk Customs and Control Measures

The promotion of precise poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas will inevitably lead to changes in local folk customs.The economic development may bring about greater development of folk customs,and may also lead to qualitative changes in folk customs.This paper mainly introduced the impact of the precise poverty alleviation on the folk customs.Based on the analysis,it came up with pertinent control measures,to better combine the folk customs with precise poverty alleviation measures,to promote common development of economy and culture in poverty stricken areas.

Analysis on the Impact of Folk Custom on Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Folk custom is specific embodiment of regional economy,society and culture,which has certain impact on targeted poverty alleviation work. Under the background,by analyzing logical relationship between folk custom and targeted poverty alleviation,and combining actual work experience,its impact on targeted poverty alleviation work is summarized. Analysis results show that folk custom has an active role in poverty alleviation through education,tourism and industry,and could obstruct poverty returning to certain degree. But its dross part brings stubborn conservatism,which hinders progress of regional thinking,reduces the effect of poverty alleviation,affects local people's behavior choice,and also obstructs popularization of poverty alleviation projects. Therefore,it needs conducting necessary guide and management of folk custom in targeted poverty alleviation work,changing existing habits and customs,developing advantages and avoiding disadvantages,which could improve the accuracy of poverty alleviation,and better achieve the goal of poverty alleviation.

Pursuing Harmony between Form and Meaning:A Case Study of Plan and Design of Gongbo Folk Custom Park

Taking Gongbo Folk Custom Park as the thread,this paper expounded the importance of sticking to the cultural and historical concept in landscape design,and made a preliminary exploration of application in actual landscape design.In the plan and design,it pursued unique characteristics through cultural refinement,focused on the study of connotation of Gongbo regional culture,refined and manifests the essence of culture in the design,and provided a brand new and colorful modern cultural living space for Tibetan people.

A Stigmatized Wedding Custom Versus A Positive Representation in Folk Legends: Chinese Naodongfang and Its Gender Troubles

Folk legends depict Naodongfang as an auspicious and positive custom,in contrast to the intellectuals’negative comments found in historical manuscripts concerning Naodongfang.The three types(stories of auspicious and mythical figures who were incarnated as respected emperors and initiated Naodongfang;tales of folk heroes who were brave and courageous enough to fight villains such as bad emperors or demons;and urban legends of everyday people’s experiences),affirm Naodongfang as an essential component of a Chinese wedding.The beliefs and legends underlie the practice of lively and noisy weddings and led to the pervasiveness of Naodongfang that continues until today.Folk legends and their related beliefs speak to the longevity of Naodongfang and suggest its historical and present importance.

民俗文化视野中的汉画乐舞艺术解读--以《南阳汉代画像石墓》为例

在汉代人的民俗文化观念中,天地信仰及"天人合一"观浓郁深厚,它们分别融汇贯穿于汉代各种文化艺术的形式形态之中,成为不可分割的有机组成部分。本文跳出较长时间以来汉画乐舞艺术本体考据的基本范式和方法,从民俗文化的视阈入手,以南阳汉代画像石墓乐舞艺术文化场的全面考释为例,提出了墓葬文化是汉代社会民俗文化观念与乐舞艺术神交的载体和见证、不同艺术形式形态之间形成了思想内涵和文化意蕴的谐和统一、用乐舞百戏的形式表现天人神鬼世界是汉人虚拟天人关系的最佳展示平台等观点。

Study on Ecological Folklore Tourism Development of Xi'an Chanba River Ecological Area

Taking the folklore tourism planning of Chanba River ecological area as the study object and aiming at problems in the development of folklore tourism in Xi'an, the planning technique of 'visualizing the intangible culture' was adopted in this study from the perspective of ecological folk-custom based on summarizing the characteristics of folk-custom tourism resources in the planning area, which discussed development ideas and strategies of the ecological folk-custom tourism resources to achieve a sustainable development of ecological folklore tourism development of Chanba River ecological area.

从“天雨粟,鬼夜哭”到敬惜字纸-论古代神话和民间习俗中的汉字崇拜

在古代各种造字神话中,“仓颉造字”最为普遍,尤其是“天雨粟,鬼夜哭”情节,展现出古人对仓颉及其发明的文字的崇拜。“敬惜字纸”是道教文昌信仰中的重要内容,体现了重视文本的传统。掌握文字的中国古今文人充满了文化优越感,部分激进知识分子总以精英自居,想教化民众。但是不识字的民众同样能创造和传承文化,今天我们所强调的非物质文化遗产主要就是民间口头文化。

便溺·生育·婚嫁--马桶作为一个隐喻的力量

马桶"曾经是江南地方最为普及的便溺之器,在中国各地,围绕着马桶曾经形成了很多独特的民俗。但在20世纪90年代以后,伴随着中国都市化进程的扩展,"抽水马桶"在乡村也逐渐普及,遂使得马桶走向了终被淘汰的命运。然而,各地民间长期以来形成的以马桶为陪嫁品之一的传统民俗却并没有完全消失,那些不再在日常生活中具有实用性功能的马桶,在民间婚礼上仍然是极具重要性的陪嫁品。本文从民俗学的立场出发,分析了马桶作为一个"隐喻"所内涵的力量和意义,亦即它作为新娘子随身具备的"生殖力"的象征物而为婚姻及婚礼所不可或缺。

不确定概念的确定化--民间习惯对权力的可能制约

当代中国正处于社会转型期,流变的事物必然致使秉持相对稳定性的法律顾此失彼。克服法律捉襟见肘的尴尬难题之立法策略,应当是在立法中大量使用不确定概念。不确定性是不确定概念的原生属性,只有一个价值框架,内涵与外延都十分不确定,可以最大限度地涵盖变动不居的客观事物。正因如此,不确定概念赋予公共权力较大的裁量空间,官员可以根据具体情况进行较大的自由裁决。但其负面效果可能是对公众权利的戕害。因此,应该从立法角度将适用不确定概念的举证责任配置给公共权力,并加大其论证比重。但仅据此并不能解决公共权力的任性,在司法过程中,法官应当在一定条件下引入民间习惯遏制公共权力,适度平衡权力与权利,可能是一种比较合理的司法策略。

Influence of Huizhou Culture on Plant Landscapes in Huizhou-style Gardens

Huizhou-style gardens have been greatly influenced by Huizhou culture, their plant landscapes have also been integrated with various aspects of Huizhou culture, which demonstrated the ideology, historical and cultural connotation of the society in an abstract and impalpable way. In this study, Huizhou-style miniature landscapes, plants of virtual implications, flowers or fruit trees of special connotations are taken for examples to analyze the influence of Xin’an Neo-Confucianism on plant landscapes in Huizhou-style gardens, the demonstration of Huizhou businessmen’s aesthetic tastes, as well as folk cultures of Huizhou, which implies that plant landscapes in Huizhou-style gardens are those incorporating with humanistic spirits, ornamental and practical uses. This study aims to provide references for further researches in the present situation of ancient Huizhou areas, protection of ancient Huizhou-style gardens and construction of new-style Huizhou gardens.

民俗活动与乡村社会治理--以赣南寻乌县南桥客家迎故事民俗活动为中心的探讨

迎故事是寻乌县南桥村的一项起源于村落开基史的重要民俗活动。在不断展演的过程中,它建构了一个村民共同参与的,超越了血缘、地缘以及业缘限制的仪式空间。在这个独特的空间中,当地客家民众不仅获得了体验狂欢和拜谒神灵的机会,而且被唤起和强化了对村落历史的集体记忆,具有沟通人际关系,增强村落凝聚力,促进村落文化与国家认同的文化功能。这种文化功能是迎故事民俗在南桥村得以传承和发展的重要原因,同时也是乡村社会治理的重要资源。重塑迎故事民俗活动的文化价值,对于当代破解乡村社会治理困境,服务乡村美好生活,实现乡村社会治理目标具有积极意义。

新民风建设引领乡村文化创新发展--乡村文化建设的安康金寨实践

在经济社会转型发展和多元文化碰撞、交融过程中,乡村文化建设暴露出现代性困境与结构性矛盾。文章阐述安康市旬阳县金寨镇通过新民风建设和乡村文化治理结构、供给侧结构性改革等举措,将弘扬优秀传统文化与发展社会主义先进文化相结合,综合利用传统与现代两种规范力量,推动乡村文化再生产秩序重构,走出了一条新民风建设价值引领、乡村文化体制机制改革驱动、物质文明与精神文明协调发展的乡村振兴之路,为破解欠发达地区乡村公共文化服务“末端难题”提供借鉴。

论民族村落异地重建中的融合与创新--以鄂温克猎民新村为例

民俗的融合与创新是解决民族村落异地重建和民族村落文化传承两者矛盾的关键因素。文章以民族民俗为切入点,对村落异地重建的建设策略及途径做了相关探讨,并从融合与创新角度对重建村传统民俗的继承与发展进行论述,最后结合从原始狩猎部落成功转型为融狩猎民俗、文化旅游等多种形式为一体的鄂温克猎民新村实例,从村落建筑形态、装饰艺术、民俗展馆、景观艺术4个方面论述其民俗创新的呈现形式与手段,以期为其他民族村落异地重建中传承与发展适应性难题提供有效的参考和依据。

民间习俗与民营企业研发投资水平--来自“本命年”的经验证据

自古流传下来的民间习俗深刻影响着个体的行为决策。本文借助民营企业家经历“本命年”这一外生事件,使用2007-2016年中国A股民营上市公司的9246个年度观察数据,实证检验发现民营企业的投资行为受到民间习俗的影响。具体地,民营企业家在“本命年”表现得更为保守稳健,企业研发投资水平显著更低;同时,民营企业家较高的持股水平显著强化了这种保守的投资行为,而且这种影响在北方汉民族聚居地区的民营企业家身上表现得更加突出。此外,民营企业家在“本命年”具有更少的专利申请数量,这也为其保守稳健的研发投资行为倾向提供了佐证。本文还进一步发现,民营企业家在“本命年”的保守投资行为显著降低了民营企业未来一期的成长能力。本文的相关研究结论能够帮助民营企业家发现和破除.“本命年”投资决策的心理障碍以避免错失企业发展的良机,同时扩展和丰富了有关文化等非正式制度微观经济影响的经验证据。