Franchising Modern Form of Business for Small and MediumSized Enterprises in the 21st Century

Franchising is a specific form of business,which began with development in the 50th of last century,whereby the noticeable dynamics gained at the end of last two decades of the 20th century.Its specific substance wins by offering of attractive possibilities for small and medium sized enterprises,in particular by effectivity,lifetime stability in first five years of business activities and its positive vision for survival in the period of crisis and turbulent time.The successfulness of entrepreneurship by franchising form is one of the safety forms of entrepreneurial activity.It offers anyway the rational format with clearly divided tasks,which is the base of dynamical and effective system,at which its compactness,integrity,and reliability is the precondition of surviving and achieving of success,for both parties—the franchisor and for franchisee,as well.Franchising is model for small and medium sized enterprises,which works well if both sides become integrated with it.Problems described in the present paper constitute part of the research project under Grant project of the Slovak Franchising Association(SFA)(project period:2017-2018).Questionnaire was prepared by the authors and the participants were the members of SFA.The questionnaire method applied the open and closed questions,as well.Results and conclusions are presented in the article.

The application of business process re-engineering in Chinese enterprises

After joining in WTO,Chinese enterprises face more intense competitive environments. The problems, such as many foreign capital enterprises swarming into China, increasing market competitive ability, keeping on national and international market, have become more serious to enterprise’s decision maker. At the same time, the information technology is developing quickly, then business process re engineering will become valid path for enterprise increasing market competitive ability. As a case study, this paper applies Business Process Re engineering(BPR) approach to analyze a Chinese company.

Analysis of Muji's Business Strategy

This article is a report of analysis of Muji's business strategy.First,the vision and mission are introduced.Second,the current strategy is identified.Then the industry analysis,industry driving forces,key success factors,value chain analysis,competitive advantage,competitive power of the competitive advantage were analyzed.At last,on the basis of the former analysis the SWOT analysis was worked out.

The importance of product positioning and global branding for sustaining competitive advantage within the companies＇ global marketing strategy

In today＇s globally competitive world, because of the globalization, new business patterns and the changing nature of consumers, the companies feel the necessity to act strategic in the market and to reach up the target markets and sustain maximum customer satisfaction in order to compete and survive. In this context, within the study it is tried to define product positioning in international markets and global branding strategies conceptually and to focus on their contributions to the overall competitive advantage of the company. Initially, the study tries to present the association between product positioning and global branding approaches of the companies and sustaining competitive advantage. Justifications for the examination of the importance of companies＇ international product positioning and global branding orientations as a basis of creating competitive advantage were derived from the literature. It is suggested that the companies＇ product positioning and global branding orientations and sustaining competitive advantage are the important aspects in multinational management and international business areas. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of product positioning and global branding strategies of the companies with special references to various industries and global brands.

The Use of the ICTs in the Value Chain Proce,;ses and Their Impact on Organizational Performance

Companies are currently immersed in a process of competitiveness, which is increasingly more complicated to achieve differentiation that can guarantee you the preference of customers and consequently the success of the organization. It becomes partly crucial for the organization to be in the dynamics of the sector and market where it operates and wants its consolidation, because value systems become strategic elemente that play a role as key factors of success in organizations seeking priority intend to increase their organizational performance. Given the above, this research seeks to get to identify strategic uses of information and communication technologies in the processes of the value chain in small commercial businesses in Mexicali, aiming to contribute to the improvement of the competitiveness of the same. It is in this sense that the technologies of information and communication have become a powerful tool that will allow them to be innovative, cost-effective and this will have an impact on the performance of the organization that will allow you to improve your service, interact with customers and suppliers, and above all more efficiently meet their own needs and organizational expectations. This research was exploratory and within the relevant findings, coming to the conclusion that it is necessary to focus more emphatically on the client; organizations have deficiencies in relation to the strategic use of ICTs to streamline their billing, manufacturing, distribution, and storage of your products, activities highlighting this if they don＇t have a reconsideration in this aspect, at the risk of offset in terms of its competitors which would mean ceasing to be option on the market, stressing that this not only will be a trigger factor in mature companies, but those who need to improve their service and that they will serve as input for the conduction of processes along the value chain. The research is exploratory in nature, as evidenced in the use of the ICTs focused on the man~,gement of the value chain and its relationship with different variables of such management, making that they are discovered behaviors on the structure of the value chain able to generate sustainable benefits and contribute to the improvement of the competitive position of the companies involved in this study.

Franchising—Paradigm of the Enterprise in the 21st Century

Franchising as a specific form of business is one of most interesting and perspective forms of doing business in the 21st century.The present circumstances on the market touched by the crisis require(expected in 2021)the permanent looking for the certainty for the enterprises.One of it is franchising.It concerned the classical closed vertical distribution system,which is managed on contractual basis and one of the system members,named franchisor,connects some levels in the production-distribution chain.His partner is a franchisee.Both partners are searching for the optimal level of correlative relationship.It is a dynamic commercial system,which represents a modern form of cooperation between the enterprises.Franchising is regarded as a progressive marketing strategy.It is one of few forms of entrepreneurship without stagnation in the crisis period,as well.

＂A Raft in the Stormy Sea＂： New Roles, New ＂Dresses＂ Operating in ＆ for Business Networks

This paper aims to discuss the development and functioning conditions of business networks. After recalling the main characteristics of post-fordistic environment and comparing it to a ＂stormy sea＂ （section one） of the paper focuses on the idea of networks described as ＂rafts＂ useful to firms to build their own competitive advantages. In fact, while theoretical knowledge is not so valuable because everybody can have it, practical and contextual knowledge is specific and therefore it can be defended. The development of a contextual knowledge is feasible if the firm chooses among all the possible alternatives. Subsequently in section two, it shows how fordistic principles eliminate space, reduce time, and increase the speed of communication among individuals and as entering a network has become a necessity as it allows a firm to obtain competitive advantages. The greatest benefit is the chance to share the task of creating new knowledge among different members. In section three it is discussed if navigation in the post-fordistic stormy sea could take advantage from the existence of a more certain regulation. It is necessary to underline that positive law is not a post-fordistic tool. There is no satisfactory detailed law regarding ideas, knowledge, and know-how, by now. Therefore, it is not possible to rely on a specific regulation framework to protect knowledge found on the network. In conclusion in section four, the work discusses how single organizations need to reach the ＂raft＂--which is the network--through the idea of sharing learning and distinguishing elements necessary to survive in the stormy sea post-Fordism environment. Lastly, section five would be analyzed a public institution--Milan Chamber of Commerce--which has ＂changed its dress＂ to more effectively perform its support role to firms.

Competitive Advantage of Libyan Business Environment

The economic development needs of developing countries require capital accumulation, which is no longer an easy task, even for industrialized countries. Although borrowing remains an important alternative, it has proved to be an expensive method in the long run. Consequently, to attract foreign direct investment （FDI）, developing countries have been liberalizing their economies, which is expected to contribute to job creation and income generation. Libya declared its intention to liberalize its economy and to integrate into the global economy in order to achieve comprehensive development. This study investigates and explores the condition of the Libyan business environment in relation to foreign and joint companies, particularly in the non-oil sectors. This paper aims to investigate whether or not the Libyan business environment is appropriate to attract foreign companies, particularly in the non-hydrocarbon sectors. The method used in this paper is based on creating Porter model of competitive advantage of in relation to attract FDI. The paper reveals clearly that apart from substantial oil reserves, Libya is rich in other resources. Despite these positive advantages, there are numerous obstacles and shortcomings associated with the Libyan business environment. It discovered that the general structure and policies in relation to the Libyan business environment still require considerable attention to bring about the political and administrative stability, as well as the stability of laws and regulations. Furthermore, intensive media campaigns need to be launched with all the necessary legal and political guarantees for attracting FDI into the country.

Platform Strategies of the Chinese Commercial Drone Manufacturer:A Theoretical and Empirical Study of Ecosystem Development

From the perspective of the business ecosystem,this paper analyzes the competitive advantage and platform strategy of Da-Jiang Innovations Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.(DJI),a Chinese commercial drone manufacturer that is currently leading the global commercial drone industry.DJI was established in 2006 and developed the industry’s first core components such as drone control system.DJI released its“Phantom”in the United States in 2013 and occupied the global commercial drone market accounting for 70%in a short period of time.Its market share has maintained its superiority till present.During the inflection transition from the formation of a new ecosystem to expansion,DJI has defended and strengthened its core technology through a strong containment strategic action of competing with GoPro;therefore,DJI has obtained its hub position of multiple markets with bargaining power.In addition,DJI has entered the surrounding markets of corporate market from the general consumer market,and instilled its own product standards&design standards(reference design).Furthermore,it has stimulated and revitalized coexisting companies,individual&corporate customers for expanding the ecosystem of drone industry.

The Importance of Small and Medium Enterprise Development for Efficient Global Market Environment

Small and medium enterprises(SMEs)play an important role in the world economy.Modern trends in the development of small and medium enterprises imply a constant increase in their role in the total income of an economy.For such an approach,it is important to achieve quality organizational and managerial concepts of planning strategy development.In many countries,small businesses dominate in the production of a number of smaller products,higher consumption,and high quality of these products.The concept of a small economy consists of a group of companies that stand out in terms of their characteristics in relation to large companies.In relation to large companies as business systems,SMEs differ based on the concept of their own organization’s business,the volume of business,and the availability of resources.Research data show that the main obstacle to efficient continuous business of SMEs in the world is the procurement and maintenance of business resources.Ensuring continuity in production is often a problem of lack of resources,which primarily characterizes them in relation to large companies.Small business and entrepreneurship are the main backbone of today’s economic development,viewed globally.The purpose of the development of small and medium enterprises in the world is to enable the development of a successful and flexible entrepreneurial climate as an important organizational determinant,which is a prerequisite for progress in the modern world economy.The feature of SME development is the innovation of employees that needs to be constantly developed.In that way,conditions are provided for technological development,formation of flexible organizations,and new employment.In practice,small and medium enterprises are the engine of economic development.It is a sector that promotes private property and entrepreneurial skills.According to experts on economic issues,SMEs are today and in the future,not only in Serbia,the Region,but also in the world,a synonym for the private sector-for entrepreneurship.Comparative analysis shows the advantage of SMEs,especially in flexible business,where they can quickly adapt to change and can fully meet market demands.

优化营商环境背景下我国公平竞争制度建设的基本框架

在我国营造市场化、法治化和国际化一流营商环境的过程中,公平竞争是其内在要求和核心内容,这就需要公平竞争制度或者竞争政策予以确认和保障。在我国公平竞争制度建设中,强化竞争政策基础地位是顶层设计,落实公平竞争审查制度是关键环节,加强反垄断反不正当竞争是基础保障,引导和激励企业反垄断合规是必要举措。这些方面构成了进一步优化营商环境背景下我国公平竞争制度建设的基本框架。

新发展格局下我国民营经济营商环境的优化策略

民营经济已经成为推动我国经济社会发展不可或缺的重要力量,是新发展格局下畅通国内循环、参与国际合作与国际竞争的生力军。为民营经济发展打造良好的营商环境,是激发市场活力、提升区域经济活跃度的有效方式。在构建新发展格局的过程中,民营经济营商环境仍存在一些亟须解决的问题,主要表现为政务服务效能仍然不高、公平竞争市场环境尚未形成、营商环境法治化水平有待提高、发展要素保障不足、部分惠企政策实施效果不理想等。下一步,我国应从如下方面优化民营经济营商环境:厘清政府与市场边界,提升政务服务效能;营造公平竞争的市场环境,激发企业发展活力;强化资源要素保障,支持民营企业转型升级发展;营造稳定可预期的法治环境,提振企业发展信心;健全营商环境建设工作机制,确保政策落实到位。

数字化转型如何提升企业竞争优势——技术市场可供性与商业模式创新的链式中介作用

如何从数字化转型中获益以提升企业竞争优势成为学术界与实践界关注的核心问题。基于技术可供性理论与商业模式创新理论,探讨数字化转型(数字技术水平和数字化应用范围)对企业竞争优势的影响机制,验证技术市场可供性(客户行为模式识别、实时市场响应、数据驱动的市场双元性)、商业模式创新在数字化转型与竞争优势间的链式中介作用。进一步地,探讨企业类型(是否为互联网企业)的调节作用,当企业属于互联网企业时,技术市场可供性中数据驱动的市场双元性、商业模式创新在数字化转型与竞争优势间的链式中介作用得以强化。结论可揭示数字化转型对企业竞争优势的影响过程,为不同行业企业开展数字化转型实践提供参考。

数据不正当竞争行为判定的反思与完善

准确判定数据不正当竞争行为是规制该类行为的关键。实证考察2012-2023年的数据不正当竞争案件裁判文书后发现,对数据不正当竞争行为判定,普遍适用权益侵害判定范式,这误读了反不正当竞争法的法律属性;对竞争关系的认定存在拓宽化的倾向,其在数字时代反不正当竞争法适用中的现实价值和改进进路尚待厘清;既有的以“搭便车”原则、互联网行业惯例和法官创制性细则为标准具体化商业道德的进路皆无法化解商业道德的不确定性难题。对此,为促进数据健康有序流动,维护数字市场的竞争秩序,应实现数据不正当竞争行为判定路径的“系统性”变革。首先,应实现权益侵害判定范式向行为正当判定范式的有效转变,确保法院裁判结果符合反不正当竞争法的法益保护目标和契合数字经济发展的需求;其次,纠正“竞争关系决定论”的误区,调整竞争关系在数据不正当竞争案件中的角色定位,将其作为认定原告资格的重要标准和评测损害程度的因素;最后,认定商业道德应兼顾公平竞争价值与自由竞争价值,遵循“由事实到价值”的商业道德内涵的确定步骤,肯定模仿自由并慎用“搭便车”裁判标准,并且在援引互联网行业惯例时应对其是否符合法律法规和有助于维护竞争秩序予以考察,应让创设的商业道德具体细则符合反不正当竞争法的价值目标。

新营商环境评估“促进市场竞争”指标的竞争法回应

世界银行开启的升级版营商环境项目B-READY体系中增加了唯一的新指标“促进市场竞争”,旨在从市场竞争的法规质量、促进竞争的公共服务充分性、促进竞争的关键服务效率三个方面,系统评估经济体的可竞争水平。促进市场竞争已经成为我国现代市场体系建设的基础和关键,但是“促进市场竞争”指标与我国竞争法体系存在兼容性问题。基于此,应当遵从“中国道路”的逻辑提出“促进市场竞争”指标的中国方案,分类推进“促进市场竞争”指标,同时试点并推广公平竞争指数。针对我国竞争法规制的不足,一方面要从推动国有企业参与公平竞争、优化反垄断法及其实施、促进知识产权保护和创新、保障政府采购领域的公平竞争等方面进行指标的对标性改进;另一方面要深入实施公平竞争审查制度、切实推动全国统一大市场建设、加强竞争执法和实施竞争倡导等方面促进营商环境的综合性提升。

数字化水平对企业可持续绩效的影响研究——创新类型的中介作用和环境竞争性的调节作用

基于可持续发展和技术可供性理论,以2015-2021年中国沪深A股上市的制造业企业为研究样本,采用文本挖掘方法衡量企业数字化水平,实证检验数字化水平对企业可持续绩效的影响,探究技术创新和商业模式创新的中介作用,同时考虑环境竞争性对数字化水平与企业创新(技术创新和商业模式创新)的调节作用。实证结果表明:(1)数字化水平显著促进制造业企业可持续绩效;(2)技术创新和商业模式创新两者都在数字化水平与制造业企业可持续绩效之间发挥了部分中介作用;(3)环境竞争性在数字化水平与技术创新关系中存在显著负向调节作用,而在数字化水平与商业模式创新关系中的调节作用不显著。

企业ESG表现能否降低破产风险?

以2009—2021年中国A股上市公司为研究对象,分析企业ESG表现和破产风险的关系以及其作用机制,并依次从宏观、中观、微观视角展开异质性分析。研究发现,较好的ESG表现显著降低了企业破产风险。机制分析发现,企业提升ESG表现缓解了融资约束,同时提升了财务绩效,进而降低了企业破产风险。另外,企业数字化转型能够加强ESG表现对破产风险的抑制作用。进一步基于企业经营的宏观、中观、微观视角分析发现,ESG表现对破产风险的抑制效应具有普适性,但这一效果在低法治水平、低竞争程度、非国有企业、财务困境企业的组别中更加明显。研究结论有助于理解企业通过ESG战略进行风险管理的内在逻辑,为企业优化决策制定提供了经验参考。

技能竞赛培育高职学生职业核心素养实践研究——以高职商务类实训项目为例

随着经济社会的快速发展,企业对于人才的要求日益提高,高职院校培育学生职业核心素养成为教育教学改革的重要工作之一。本文运用技能竞赛培育学生职业核心素养以重构高职院校商务类课程教学内容,着重开展“赛、学、做”三位一体的商务活动实践实训课堂,为学生营造集理论性、实践性与操作性于一体的实践实训职业情境,提升高职商务活动实训教学质量,培养学生职业化思维、职业化行为、职业化技能以及职业化习惯,从而促进学生综合素质得到全面发展,满足商业企业对于高质量应用型人才的需求。

企业竞争战略与管理层策略性业绩:基于管理层业绩预告的分析

从战略管理理论出发研究竞争战略对管理层盈利预测策略的影响。结果表明,采取差异化战略的企业更可能自愿披露盈利预测信息,然而预测偏差较大并更倾向于披露悲观消息。机制检验表明经营风险在差异化战略影响盈利预测中起中介作用。进一步研究发现,在国有企业和金融化程度较强的样本中,差异化竞争战略和盈利预测偏差的关系被显著弱化。