Improvement Mechanism of Adhesion Performance of Anti-stripping Agents and Coupling Agents on Asphalt-Aggregate Interface Based on Molecular Dynamics

This study examined the mechanisms for improving the adhesion performance of the asphalt-aggregate interface with two anti-stripping agents and two coupling agents.The investigation of contact behavior between various asphalt-aggregate surfaces was conducted using molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.The interaction energy and the relative concentration distribution were employed as the parameters to analyze the enhancement mechanisms of anti-stripping agents and coupling agents on the asphalt-aggregate interface.Results indicated that the adhesion at the asphalt-aggregate interface could be strengthened by both anti-stripping agents and coupling agents.Anti-stripping agents primarily improve adhesion through the reinforcement of electrostatic attraction,while coupling agents primarily upgrade adhesion by strengthening the van der Waals.Hence,the molecular dynamics modeling and calculation techniques presented in this study can be utilized to elucidate the development mechanism of the asphalt-aggregate interface through the use of anti-stripping agents and coupling agents.

Resilient performance of self-centering hybrid rocking walls with curved interface under pseudo-static loading

Frame and rocking wall(FRW)structures have excellent resilient performance during earthquakes.However,the concrete at interfacial corners of rocking walls(RWs)is easily crushed due to local extreme compression during the rocking process.An innovative RW with a curved interface is proposed to prevent interfacial corners from producing local damage,enhancing its earthquake resilient performance(ERP).The precast wall panel with a curved interface is assembled into an integral self-centering hybrid rocking wall(SCRW)by two post-tensioned unbonded prestressed tendons.Moreover,two ordinary energy dissipation steel rebars and two shear reinforcements are arranged to increase the energy dissipation capacity and lateral resistance.Two SCRW specimens and one monolithic reinforced concrete(RC)shear wall(SW)were tested under pseudo-static loading to compare the ERPs of the proposed SCRW and the SW,focusing on studying the effect of the curved interface on the SCRW.The key resilient performance of rocking effects,failure modes,and hysteretic properties of the SCRW were explored.The results show that nonlinear deformations of the SCRW are concentrated along the interface between the SCRW and the foundation,avoiding damage within the SCRW.The restoring force provided by the prestressed tendons can effectively realize self-centering capacity with small residual deformation,and the resilient performance of the SCRW is better than that of monolithic SW.In addition,the curved interface of the SCRW makes the rocking center change and move inward,partially relieving the stress concentration and crush of concrete.The rocking range of the rocking center is about 41.4%of the width of the SCRW.

Interface Engineering of Titanium Nitride Nanotube Composites for Excellent Microwave Absorption at Elevated Temperature

Currently,the microwave absorbers usually suffer dreadful electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)performance damping at elevated temperature due to impedance mismatching induced by increased conduction loss.Consequently,the development of high-performance EMWA materials with good impedance matching and strong loss ability in wide temperature spectrum has emerged as a top priority.Herein,due to the high melting point,good electrical conductivity,excellent environmental stability,EM coupling effect,and abundant interfaces of titanium nitride(TiN)nanotubes,they were designed based on the controlling kinetic diffusion procedure and Ostwald ripening process.Benefiting from boosted heterogeneous interfaces between TiN nanotubes and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),enhanced polarization loss relaxations were created,which could not only improve the depletion efficiency of EMWA,but also contribute to the optimized impedance matching at elevated temperature.Therefore,the TiN nanotubes/PDMS composite showed excellent EMWA performances at varied temperature(298-573 K),while achieved an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)value of 3.23 GHz and a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of−44.15 dB at 423 K.This study not only clarifies the relationship between dielectric loss capacity(conduction loss and polarization loss)and temperature,but also breaks new ground for EM absorbers in wide temperature spectrum based on interface engineering.

Simultaneously enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical performance of carbon nanotube reinforced ZK61 matrix composite

Alloying seriously deteriorates the thermal conductivity of magnesium(Mg)alloys,thus,restricts their applications in the fields of computer,communication,and consumer products.In order to improve the thermal conductivity of Mg alloys,adding carbon nanotube(CNT)combined with aging treatment is proposed in this work,i.e.fabricating the D-CNT(a kind of dispersed CNT)reinforced ZK61 matrix composite via powder metallurgy,and conducting aging treatment to the composite.Results indicate the as-aged ZK61/0.6 wt.%D-CNT composite achieved an excellent thermal conductivity of 166 W/(mK),exhibiting 52.3%enhancement in comparison with matrix,as well as tensile yield strength of 321 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 354 of MPa,and elongation of 14%.The simultaneously enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical performance are mainly attributed to:(1)the embedded interface of the D-CNT with matrix and(2)the coherent interface of precipitates with matrix.It is expected the current work can provide a clue for devising Mg matrix composites with integrated structural and functional performances,and enlarge the current restricted applications of Mg alloys.

Influence of rolling temperature on the interfaces and mechanical performance of graphene-reinforced aluminum-matrix composites

To study the influence of rolling on the interfaces and mechanical performance of graphene-reinforced Al-matrix composites,a rolling method was used to process them.Using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,and tensile testing,this study analyzed the micromorphology,interfaces,and mechanical performance of the composites before and after rolling.The experimental results demonstrates that the composites after hot rolling has uniform structures with strong interfacial bonding.With an increase in rolling temperature,the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the composites gradually increase.However,when the rolling temperature is higher than 500°C,granular and rod-like Al4C3 phases are observed at the interfaces and the mechanical performance of the composites is degraded.When the rolling temperature is 480°C,the composites show the optimal comprehensive mechanical performance,with a tensile strength and elastic modulus of 403.3 MPa and 77.6 GPa,respectively,which represent increases of 31.6%and 36.9%,respectively,compared with the corresponding values prior to rolling.

Numerical Investigations on the Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine： Downwind Versus Upwind Configuration

Although the upwind configuration is more popular in the field of wind energy, the downwind one is a promising type for the offshore wind energy due to its special advantages. Different configurations have different aerodynamic performance and it is important to predict the performance of both downwind and upwind configurations accurately for designing and developing more reliable wind turbines. In this paper, a numerical investigation on the aerodynamic performance of National Renewable Energy Laboratory （NREL） phase V1 wind turbine in downwind and upwind configurations is presented. The open source toolbox OpenFOAM coupled with arbitrary mesh interface （AMI） method is applied to tackle rotating problems of wind turbines. Two 3D numerical models of NREL phase VI wind turbine with downwind and upwind configurations under four typical working conditions of incoming wind velocities are set up for the study of different unsteady characteristics of the downwind and upwind configurations, respectively. Numerical results of wake vortex structure, time histories of thrust, pressure distribution on the blade and limiting streamlines which can be used to identify points of separation in a 3D flow are presented. It can be concluded that thrust reduction due to blade-tower interaction is small for upwind wind turbines but relatively large for downwind wind turbines and attention should be paid to the vibration at a certain frequency induced by the cyclic reduction for both configurations. The results and conclusions are helpful to analyze the different aerodynamic performance of wind turbines between downwind and upwind configurations, providing useful references for practical design of wind turbine.

Building Ultra-Stable and Low-Polarization Composite Zn Anode Interface via Hydrated Polyzwitterionic Electrolyte Construction

Aqueous zinc metal batteries are noted for their costeffectiveness,safety and environmental friendliness.However,the water-induced notorious issues such as continuous electrolyte decomposition and uneven Zn electrochemical deposition remarkably restrict the development of the long-life zinc metal batteries.In this study,zwitterionic sulfobetaine is introduced to copolymerize with acrylamide in zinc perchlorate(Zn(ClO;);)solution.The designed gel framework with hydrophilic and charged groups can firmly anchor water molecules and construct ion migration channels to accelerate ion transport.The in situ generated hybrid interface,which is composed of the organic functionalized outer layer and inorganic Clcontaining inner layer,can synergically lower the mass transfer overpotential,reduce water-related side reactions and lead to uniform Zn deposition.Such a novel electrolyte configuration enables Zn//Zn cells with an ultra-long cycling life of over 3000 h and a low polarization potential(~0.03 V)and Zn//Cu cells with high Coulombic efficiency of 99.18%for 1000 cycles.Full cells matched with MnO;cathodes delivered laudable cycling stability and impressive shelving ability.Besides,the flexible quasi-solid-state batteries which are equipped with the anti-vandalism ability(such as cutting,hammering and soaking)can successfully power the LED simultaneously.Such a safe,processable and durable hydrogel promises significant application potential for long-life flexible electronic devices.

Effects of Surface Roughness on Interface Bonding Performance for 316H Stainless Steel in Hot-Compression Bonding

The metallurgical bonding quality of bonding joints is affected by the substrate surface state in hot-compression bonding(HCB),and the surface roughness is a core indicator of the surface state.However,the effects of surface roughness on interface bonding performance(IBP)in the HCB process are unclear for substrates with refractory oxide scales.This study presents the effects of surface roughness on IBP for 316H stainless steel joints fabricated by HCB.A set of HCB parameters for interface bonding critical state of 316H stainless steel joints was determined.The HCB experiments were carried out under parameters of interface bonding critical state to amplify the effect of surface roughness.The interface morphologies,element distribution,and tensile properties were used to characterize the IBP.As a result,the formation mechanisms of the interface pits were revealed and the variation trend of pit number with the roughness was summarized.Finally,the mapping relation between surface roughness and IBP was established.The results show that the degree of rotational dynamic recrystallization becomes weaker with the decrease in the surface roughness and the interface bonding mechanism is completely transformed into discontinuous dynamic recrystallization when the roughness is lower than 0.020μm Sa.The number of interfacial pits decreases as the roughness decreases owing to the weakening of oxide scale aggregation and abrasive inclusion mechanism.The elongation of the tensile specimen cannot increase significantly while the roughness is lower than 0.698μm Sa.

Reservoir water effects on earthquake performance evaluation of Torul Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dam

This study presents earthquake performance analysis of the Torul Concrete-Faced Rockfill （CFR） Dam with two-dimensional dam-soil and dam-soil-reservoir finite element models. The Lagrangian approach was used with fluid elements to model impounded water. The interface elements were used to simulate the slippage between the concrete face slab and the rockfill. The horizontal component of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake, with a peak ground acceleration of 0.515g, was considered in time-history analysis. The Drucker-Prager model was preferred in nonlinear analysis of the concrete slab, rockfill and foundation soil. The maximum principal stresses and the maximum displacements in two opposite directions were compared by the height of the concrete slab according to linear time-history analysis to reveal the effect of reservoir water. The changes of critical displacements and principal stresses with time are also shown in this paper. According to linear and nonlinear time-history analysis, the effect of the reservoir water on the earthquake performance of the Torul CFR Dam was investigated and the possible damage situation was examined. The results show that the hydrodynamic pressure of reservoir water leads to an increase in the maximum displacements and principal stresses of the dam and reduces the earthquake performance of the dam. Although the linear time-history analysis demonstrates that the earthquake causes a momentous damage to the concrete slab of the Torul CFR Dam, the nonlinear time-history analysis shows that no evident damage occurs in either reservoir case.

Development of high performance casting analysis software by coupled parallel computation

Up to now,so much casting analysis software has been continuing to develop the new access way to real casting processes. Those include the melt flow analysis,heat transfer analysis for solidification calculation,mechanical property predictions and microstructure predictions. These trials were successful to obtain the ideal results comparing with real situations,so that CAE technologies became inevitable to design or develop new casting processes. But for manufacturing fields,CAE technologies are not so frequently being used because of their difficulties in using the software or insufficient computing performances. To introduce CAE technologies to manufacturing field,the high performance analysis is essential to shorten the gap between product designing time and prototyping time. The software code optimization can be helpful,but it is not enough,because the codes developed by software experts are already optimized enough. As an alternative proposal for high performance computations,the parallel computation technologies are eagerly being applied to CAE technologies to make the analysis time shorter. In this research,SMP (Shared Memory Processing) and MPI (Message Passing Interface) (1) methods for parallelization were applied to commercial software "Z-Cast" to calculate the casting processes. In the code parallelizing processes,the network stabilization,core optimization were also carried out under Microsoft Windows platform and their performances and results were compared with those of normal linear analysis codes.

Microstructure and properties of composites gun drill bit/drill pipe interface produced by 3D printing method

In this paper,the rapid and integrated manufacture method of 3 D printing gun drill is put forward.The 3 D printing process test of the composites gun drill composed of medium carbon steel drill shank,low alloy steel drill pipe and tungsten cobalt hard alloy drill bit is conducted.Microstructure and morphology of the composites gun drill interface between low alloy steel and tungsten cobalt hard alloy is analyzed using SEM.Element distribution and Phase composition of the interface between low alloy steel and tungsten cobalt hard alloy were tested and analyzed by EDS and XRD respectively.The oxidation resistance,micro hardness and corrosion resistance of the interface between low alloy steel and tungsten cobalt hard alloy were analyzed.The results show that the interface performance of 3 D printing composite gun drill is better than that of the welding gun drill.The rapid and integrated 3 D printing method is feasible for gun drill manufacture.

在锂云母浮选中新型阴阳离子组合捕收剂的泡沫性能研究

矿物浮选过程中泡沫性能直接影响浮选指标及产品加工。以实验室自主研发的新型高效锂云母组合捕收剂(DDA+SY)为研究对象,依托锂云母浮选体系,通过与常规阴阳离子组合捕收剂十二胺+油酸钠(DDA+NaOL)进行对比,系统研究了添加新型组合捕收剂对泡沫性能及浮选行为的影响。研究结果表明,在中性矿浆条件(pH=6.9)下,药剂配比为1∶1时,DDA+SY的泡沫性能最佳,明显优于DDA+NaOL,这与浮选试验结果呼应。表面张力分析结果表明,与DDA+NaOL相比,DDA+SY降低溶液表面张力效果更显著,更有利于降低气泡索特平均直径、提高泡沫碰撞概率,也可有效减少液上泡沫内外压强差,提高泡沫稳定性。研究对于锂云母高效组合捕收剂的研发及锂云母浮选过程中泡沫问题改善具有借鉴和指导意义。

氯盐环境下UHPC-NC界面黏结性能试验研究

氯盐环境作为一种较为常见的化学侵蚀环境,研究其对超高性能混凝土(ultra-high performance concrete,UHPC)和普通混凝土(normal concrete,NC)界面耐久性能的影响对于UHPC加固混凝土结构和UHPC-NC组合结构的工程应用均具有重大的现实意义.基于此,通过在常规环境以及氯盐环境下的推出试验,获得了干湿循环次数(0次、25次、50次)、氯盐浸泡天数(0 d、50 d、100 d)及界面处理方式(钢丝刷刷毛、高压水射流冲毛、表面缓凝处理)对UHPC-NC界面黏结强度、界面黏结刚度及界面黏结滑移曲线的影响.结果表明:在100 d试验周期内,干湿循环及氯盐浸泡作用造成的界面黏结强度损失率不超过20%;氯盐环境作用时长的增加会导致界面黏结刚度的降低;随着界面粗糙度的增加,UHPC-NC试件的界面黏结强度以及界面黏结刚度均会增加;界面粗糙度的提高有助于界面抗氯盐侵蚀能力的提升.受到界面处理方法的影响,UHPC-NC试件经历干湿循环及氯盐浸泡后,荷载滑移曲线呈现2种不同的形式,分别对应光滑界面(钢丝刷刷毛界面)和其他界面(高压水射流冲毛界面和缓凝剂处理界面).各组试件的黏结滑移曲线在荷载到达峰值前趋于一致;荷载到达峰值后,前者存在荷载骤降段及持荷段,后者则随着滑移量的增加荷载不断降低.根据UHPC-NC黏结滑移曲线特征,提出了黏结滑移建议模型.

锚固界面剪切力学特征及参数优化试验研究

为加强软岩巷道支护性能,改善锚杆支护设计及其参数,针对锚固系统中界面力学特征以及失效破坏模式进行试验探究,并利用FLAC3D数值模拟方法,以锚固剂、锚固长度为研究参数,对围岩变形、锚杆受力以及塑性区分布规律进行分析、探究,确定科学合理的软岩巷道支护参数。试验研究表明:钢筋—锚固剂界面剪切力学性能,随锚固剂由M20砂浆材料换为高纤维含量ECC-2%材料,其界面峰值剪切应力上涨了122%;当锚固剂—岩石界面黏结强度足够高时,影响其稳定性的主要因素即为岩石自身抗拉强度和内聚力;当采用锚固剂类型为ECC-2%且锚固长度为2.2 m的支护参数时,巷道顶板位移变形量、两帮位移、塑性区范围较优化前的方案分别降低了12.9%、29.15%、20.0%,锚杆最大轴力提高了95.5%。研究结果为软弱围岩支护参数的优化提供了科学依据,并且对于类似工程的支护设计和优化具有参考价值。

3D打印混凝土界面力学行为及其对材料弹性常数影响的数值分析

应用复合材料细观力学分析理论,提出了基于界面模型的3D打印混凝土(3DPC)各向异性数值模拟方法,定量揭示了层、条界面力学行为及其对3DPC各向异性弹性常数的影响规律。采用界面单元和连续体单元相结合,模拟界面滑移开裂行为与基体的力学性能,设计单轴压缩、劈拉、十字交叉拉伸和斜剪试验确定模型所需参数及相应取值范围。结果表明:界面拉伸和剪切张力-位移曲线均呈双线性特征,条间界面强度总体高于层间;界面剪切行为在两个剪切主方向上无显著差异;条间和层间弹性模量对整体弹性模量具有线性影响,对整体泊松比具有指数函数影响,条间和层间界面剪切模量对整体剪切模量具有综合影响。

高燃烧效率含卤氧化剂包覆硼粉的制备及性能

为了提升硼粉的点火燃烧性能,采用高能球磨与喷雾干燥相结合的技术制备了4种微纳米B-Fe-Bi_(2)O_(3)@AP/PVDF复合物,根据其高热值和高燃烧效率的特点将四种复合物命名为μBHH_(c)、μBHC_(e)、nBHH_(c)及nBHC_(e),并对其形貌结构、热反应性、点火延迟、质量燃速和凝聚相产物进行了表征分析。结果表明,μBHH_(c)和μBHC_(e)复合物在氩气中最大热值达9.7 k J·g^(-1),最高燃烧效率达66.2%;在氧气中最大热值达14.6 k J·g^(-1),最高燃烧效率达93.3%,空气中氧化峰温在750~760℃之间。n BHH_(c)和n BHC_(e)复合物在氩气中最大热值达9.9 k J·g^(-1),最高燃烧效率达68.9%;在氧气中最大热值达14.8 k J·g^(-1),最高燃烧效率达97.2%,空气中氧化峰温在595~600℃之间。各类复合物的最高燃烧温度达1954~2011℃,其中n BHH_(c)复合物的点火延迟最短(26 ms),且质量燃速最高(1.84 g·s^(-1));μBHC_(e)复合物的点火延迟最长(39 ms),质量燃速也最低(0.80 g·s^(-1))。各类复合物燃烧产物主要由B_(2)O_(3)、B_(4)C及少量未完全燃烧的硼组成,形貌包含5~10μm的球体及10~20μm的片状物质。

界面缺陷对CFRP加固钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能的影响研究

为研究界面缺陷对CFRP加固钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能的影响,制作了3根钢筋混凝土梁对比试件,并进行了四点弯曲试验。同时,采用ABAQUS分析软件建立了非线性有限元模型,并进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明:当存在多个不连续缺陷时,试件上的CFRP提前发生剥离,剥离荷载下降了20.77%,导致试件的破坏模式发生改变,虽然极限荷载仅降低2.46%,但挠度降幅高达15.37%,延性下降显著;界面缺陷附近易产生应力集中,促使多裂缝均衡发展,导致裂缝间距减小;界面缺陷影响CFRP剥离起始发生位置,更易引起CFRP沿试件宽度方向贯穿剥离。

氧化石墨烯界面调控纳滤膜制备及性能研究

为提高传统聚酰胺纳滤膜渗透性能和抗污染性能,文章以聚砜(PSF)超滤膜为基材,以哌嗪、均苯三甲酰氯为水相和有机相单体,引入氧化石墨烯(GO)作为亲水改性材料,通过界面聚合法制备氧化石墨烯复合纳滤膜(GO-PA-PSF膜),研究GO占比对膜表面形貌、化学结构及分离性能的影响。结果表明,当GO质量分数为0.01%时,GO-PA-PSF膜表面开始出现褶皱,膜表面粗糙度、亲水性和负电性增强,其渗透通量为50.47 L/(m^(2)·h),对Na_(2)SO_(4)的截留率为98.14%,在30 h脱盐试验中保持良好的稳定性,对3种模型污染物的抗污染性能有所提升。

3D打印隧道衬砌-围岩界面力学性能研究

[目的]3D打印技术在工程结构施工的研究和应用已逐渐深入,应用3D打印建造地铁隧道开拓了一种新的思路和方法,而3D打印施工过程中,衬砌与隧道围岩的共构效果和协同工作性能的保障是构建隧道衬砌结构体系的关键,需对其进行深入研究。[方法]通过试验模拟不同围岩条件下的界面特性,深入研究了3D打印隧道施工中衬砌和围岩之间的粘结力学性能及其影响因素。[结果及结论]围岩表面的粗糙度对3D打印衬砌混凝土的粘结效果有显著影响,而表面涂覆涂层能够有效改善衬砌-围岩界面的粘结性能,通过填补衬砌-围岩界面的微观不平整有利于提高3D打印衬砌施工质量。