This paper investigates the possible sources of errors associated with tropical cyclone （TC） tracks forecasted using the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System （GRAPES）. The GRAPES forecasts were made ...This paper investigates the possible sources of errors associated with tropical cyclone （TC） tracks forecasted using the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System （GRAPES）. The GRAPES forecasts were made for 16 landfaIling TCs in the western North Pacific basin during the 2008 and 2009 seasons, with a forecast length of 72 hours, and using the default initial conditions （＂initials＂, hereafter）, which are from the NCEP-FNL dataset, as well as ECMWF initials. The forecasts are compared with ECMWF forecasts. The results show that in most TCs, the GRAPES forecasts are improved when using the ECMWF initials compared with the default initials. Compared with the ECMWF initials, the default initials produce lower intensity TCs and a lower intensity subtropical high, but a higher intensity South Asia high and monsoon trough, as well as a higher temperature but lower specific humidity at the TC center. Replacement of the geopotential height and wind fields with the ECMWF initials in and around the TC center at the initial time was found to be the most efficient way to improve the forecasts. In addition, TCs that showed the greatest improvement in forecast accuracy usually had the largest initial uncertainties in TC intensity and were usually in the intensifying phase. The results demonstrate the importance of the initial intensity for TC track forecasts made using GRAPES, and indicate the model is better in describing the intensifying phase than the decaying phase of TCs. Finally, the limit of the improvement indicates that the model error associated with GRAPES forecasts may be the main cause of poor forecasts of landfalling TCs. Thus, further examinations of the model errors are required.展开更多
乌溪沟流域位于湖北西南部,是洈水流域的组成部分,对区域防洪起着重要作用。动态系统响应曲线(Dynamic System Response Curve,DSRC)修正方法,基于系统和微分角度,是一种新的模型误差修正方法,将该方法应用于乌溪沟流域,对该流域14场历...乌溪沟流域位于湖北西南部,是洈水流域的组成部分,对区域防洪起着重要作用。动态系统响应曲线(Dynamic System Response Curve,DSRC)修正方法,基于系统和微分角度,是一种新的模型误差修正方法,将该方法应用于乌溪沟流域,对该流域14场历史洪水进行了模拟修正,并应用二阶AR模型作为对比,结果证明,DSRC修正方法在不损失预见期的情况下能够有效的提高洪水预报的精度,并且修正效果整体上优于传统的二阶AR模型。展开更多
在能源互联网快速发展的背景下,研究分析了综合能源系统的多元负荷预测模型及理论方法.针对传统ARIMA(Autoregressive Moving Average Model,ARMA)模型仅能处理线性关系的问题,将ARIMA模型与LSTM(Long-Short Term Memory,LSTM)网络模型...在能源互联网快速发展的背景下,研究分析了综合能源系统的多元负荷预测模型及理论方法.针对传统ARIMA(Autoregressive Moving Average Model,ARMA)模型仅能处理线性关系的问题,将ARIMA模型与LSTM(Long-Short Term Memory,LSTM)网络模型结合,提出并建立了ARIMA-LSTM模型.该模型不仅兼容冷、热、气、电等多元负荷的预测,并且可以用于风速、辐射照度等数据的预测,有较好的适应性和预测精度.展开更多
为平抑风功率中的分钟级波动,在分析波动概率特性的基础上构建了基于双电池组拓扑结构的风-储混合电站。根据电池技术特性设计了电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)的在线运行策略,即两组电池分别处于充、放电状态,根据...为平抑风功率中的分钟级波动,在分析波动概率特性的基础上构建了基于双电池组拓扑结构的风-储混合电站。根据电池技术特性设计了电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)的在线运行策略,即两组电池分别处于充、放电状态,根据风功率超短期预测结果,交替平抑风功率中的正、负波动分量。一旦任何一组电池到达满充或满放状态,则同时切换两组电池的工作状态。提出基于蒙特卡罗模拟的BESS运行仿真模型,在历史数据的基础上对BESS在典型时段内的运行进行了模拟。基于某风电场实测数据的仿真结果表明,基于双电池组拓扑结构的储能系统可在不显著消耗电池循环寿命的情况下有效平抑风功率中的波动分量。展开更多
利用WRFDA-FSO(Forecast Sensitivity to Observation)系统,统计分析2009年和2010年5—10月青藏高原东侧常规地面和高空观测对WRF模式预报误差的贡献。结果表明:地面观测资料各要素中,温度场对模式预报误差贡献最大,风场、气压和水汽场...利用WRFDA-FSO(Forecast Sensitivity to Observation)系统,统计分析2009年和2010年5—10月青藏高原东侧常规地面和高空观测对WRF模式预报误差的贡献。结果表明:地面观测资料各要素中,温度场对模式预报误差贡献最大,风场、气压和水汽场的贡献相对小;四川东部、广西大部和云南南部边缘地区的资料对改进预报产生正贡献较大。高空资料各要素中,温度场对模式预报误差贡献最大,其次是水汽场,风场贡献最小;高空站资料对改进预报产生正贡献较大的区域主要分布在云南大部、贵州西部边缘和广西西北部边缘地区。依据误差统计结果,剔除对改进预报产生负贡献较大的地面和高空站资料后,模式降水和温度预报效果有所改善。展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program(Grant.No.2012BAC22B03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41475100)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI(Grant.No.26282111)
文摘This paper investigates the possible sources of errors associated with tropical cyclone （TC） tracks forecasted using the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System （GRAPES）. The GRAPES forecasts were made for 16 landfaIling TCs in the western North Pacific basin during the 2008 and 2009 seasons, with a forecast length of 72 hours, and using the default initial conditions （＂initials＂, hereafter）, which are from the NCEP-FNL dataset, as well as ECMWF initials. The forecasts are compared with ECMWF forecasts. The results show that in most TCs, the GRAPES forecasts are improved when using the ECMWF initials compared with the default initials. Compared with the ECMWF initials, the default initials produce lower intensity TCs and a lower intensity subtropical high, but a higher intensity South Asia high and monsoon trough, as well as a higher temperature but lower specific humidity at the TC center. Replacement of the geopotential height and wind fields with the ECMWF initials in and around the TC center at the initial time was found to be the most efficient way to improve the forecasts. In addition, TCs that showed the greatest improvement in forecast accuracy usually had the largest initial uncertainties in TC intensity and were usually in the intensifying phase. The results demonstrate the importance of the initial intensity for TC track forecasts made using GRAPES, and indicate the model is better in describing the intensifying phase than the decaying phase of TCs. Finally, the limit of the improvement indicates that the model error associated with GRAPES forecasts may be the main cause of poor forecasts of landfalling TCs. Thus, further examinations of the model errors are required.
文摘乌溪沟流域位于湖北西南部,是洈水流域的组成部分,对区域防洪起着重要作用。动态系统响应曲线(Dynamic System Response Curve,DSRC)修正方法,基于系统和微分角度,是一种新的模型误差修正方法,将该方法应用于乌溪沟流域,对该流域14场历史洪水进行了模拟修正,并应用二阶AR模型作为对比,结果证明,DSRC修正方法在不损失预见期的情况下能够有效的提高洪水预报的精度,并且修正效果整体上优于传统的二阶AR模型。
文摘在能源互联网快速发展的背景下,研究分析了综合能源系统的多元负荷预测模型及理论方法.针对传统ARIMA(Autoregressive Moving Average Model,ARMA)模型仅能处理线性关系的问题,将ARIMA模型与LSTM(Long-Short Term Memory,LSTM)网络模型结合,提出并建立了ARIMA-LSTM模型.该模型不仅兼容冷、热、气、电等多元负荷的预测,并且可以用于风速、辐射照度等数据的预测,有较好的适应性和预测精度.
文摘为平抑风功率中的分钟级波动,在分析波动概率特性的基础上构建了基于双电池组拓扑结构的风-储混合电站。根据电池技术特性设计了电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)的在线运行策略,即两组电池分别处于充、放电状态,根据风功率超短期预测结果,交替平抑风功率中的正、负波动分量。一旦任何一组电池到达满充或满放状态,则同时切换两组电池的工作状态。提出基于蒙特卡罗模拟的BESS运行仿真模型,在历史数据的基础上对BESS在典型时段内的运行进行了模拟。基于某风电场实测数据的仿真结果表明,基于双电池组拓扑结构的储能系统可在不显著消耗电池循环寿命的情况下有效平抑风功率中的波动分量。
文摘利用WRFDA-FSO(Forecast Sensitivity to Observation)系统,统计分析2009年和2010年5—10月青藏高原东侧常规地面和高空观测对WRF模式预报误差的贡献。结果表明:地面观测资料各要素中,温度场对模式预报误差贡献最大,风场、气压和水汽场的贡献相对小;四川东部、广西大部和云南南部边缘地区的资料对改进预报产生正贡献较大。高空资料各要素中,温度场对模式预报误差贡献最大,其次是水汽场,风场贡献最小;高空站资料对改进预报产生正贡献较大的区域主要分布在云南大部、贵州西部边缘和广西西北部边缘地区。依据误差统计结果,剔除对改进预报产生负贡献较大的地面和高空站资料后,模式降水和温度预报效果有所改善。
