Analysis the Reflection of Cultural Factors in Foreign Affairs Translation Activities

From the perspective of cultural background and cross-cultural communicative awareness, this paper discusses the cultural factors in the context of foreign affairs translation. It points out translator should adapt themselves to different cultural backgrounds and fully convey the cultural denotations and connotations in foreign affairs texts, which can achieve successful conversation from the source language to the target language.

The Value Relevance of Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments （FCTAs） in the Italian Stock Exchange

The main aim of this paper is to test whether the foreign currency translation adjustments （FCTAs）, the largest components of other comprehensive income （OCI） for most firms, are incrementally value-relevant for investors with respect to the net income （NI）. Previous archival research on the value relevance of FCTAs has documented a weak or non-existent link between FCTAs and firm valuation （Pinto, 2005）. The hypothesized reasons could reside in the econometric method employed, in the use of as-if numbers, and in the missing consideration of the differential effect that exchange rate changes have on firms of varying levels of capital intensiveness. This study adds to the existing literature by empirically testing the value relevance of as-reported FCTAs numbers in the earnings and book value model the Ohlson-like interacted model through panel data techniques. The main finding of this study is that as-reported FCTAs are significantly and incrementally value-relevant, when their parameter estimates are allowed to vary in the cross-section.

The Accounting and Economic Effects of Currency Translation Standards： AASB 1012 vs. AASB 121

This paper1 empirically examines the accounting and the economic effects of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on the oil and gas industry under the former and the current translation accounting standards in Australia. Due to the unique features of the oil and gas industry and based on an analysis of the former standard-Australian Accounting Standards Board （AASB） 1012, the authors predict that a positive translation adjustment （the accounting effect） is associated with a loss, instead of a creation of the firm value （the economic effect） under AASB 1012. The authors also predict that the new standard AASB 121, adapted from the International Accounting Standard （IAS） 21 with modifications, will report translation adjustments that are consistent with the economic effects. By using Australia-based multinational oil and gas firms, the authors find that translation adjustments under AASB 1012 are inversely associated with firm value and that the relationship changes to a positive one under AASB 121. This study concludes that the new standard has the potential to improve the quality of the translation accounting information.

Advancing Cross-Cultural Understanding Through Experimental Literary Translation： Chinese Translation of Finnegans Wake in China

A fertile ground is needed for a work to be translated and accepted successfully in the target culture, which includes enough understanding of the ideology and poetics of the source text. Sometimes, a work could be translated and introduced into a culture too early before the readers there can understand the foreign idea and poetics. The innovative language and narrative experiment in Finnegans Wake are far ahead of the literary tradition in contemporary China, which makes it hard to be understood and accepted wholeheartedly by most Chinese readers. However, such experimental works should not be translated in a domesti- cating way to make them easier. If the experimental poetics in Finnegans Wake were kept in the translation as much as possible, it could advance the acceptance of new ideas and poetics in modem Chinese literature, especially when some efforts are given to make the translated work popular.