Chan Buddhism in Wilderness and the Buddhist Tourism

The culture of landscape constitutes one of the vital characteristics of Chinese culture,in which,Chan Buddhism is a typical kind of Buddhist culture expressed by the natural objects.Chinese Buddhism,represented by Chan School,is interpreted by the beautiful natural scenery,therefore it is closely related to the tourism from the ancient time.However,this link is to defend Buddhist tourism,which is inevitably criticized,since the secularization of sacred Buddhism,though Buddhist tourism is beneficial for life,society,economy,and Buddhism itself.But this sort of criticism is a misunderstanding of Chinese Buddhism since that Chinese Buddhism absorbs Zhuang Zi’s thought that“the ultimate truth(道)is in shit(屎尿)”1,so that it purports to the sacred dimension which is overlapped by the secular aspect.For example,the short poems composed by masters in Chan School“The Buddhist dharma is in this world,so that the enlightenment could not be realized outside of the human world”,“where there is bamboo and flower,there is dharma and prajna”,are the best way to express this kind of divine concept,moreover,Buddhist tourism is an effective practice to allocate this divine connotation.

On Exploration and Evaluation of Forest Ecotourism Resources in Shangsi County of Guangxi,China

Forest ecotourism resources in Shangsi County were investigated,explored and screened for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of resource units,physiographic landscape resources and forest eco-resources of the local area elaborated,characteristics of its forest ecotourism resources summarized as "having an excellent location,great development potential and high development value".Basic laws of forest ecotourism resources in Shangsi County were obtained through resource investigation,exploration and analysis,development and utilization of forest ecotourism resources further studied,and suggestions proposed to facilitate the sustainable development of forest ecotourism resources in Shangsi County.

Study on the Sustainable Development Approaches of Forest Tourism in Chongqing City of China

Development of forest tourism in the global low-carbon and environment conservation movement was introduced.Considering the construction of"Forest Chongqing"and forest tourism development in the local area,problems in the present forest tourism development were summarized as backward development concepts,extensive development activities,ineffective marketing and management.Then,approaches for the further forest tourism development of Chongqing were given as(a) the primary task is to promote the public consciousness of low carbon and benefit;(b) the premise is to make favorable overall ecological planning of forest;(c) the major approach is to produce competitive forest tourism products;(d) the key is to enhance sales promotion.The study aims to explore a sustainable development way valuing both low carbon and benefit by following the principle of developing forest resources reasonably.

System Design for Urban Forest Park——Based on Elimination of Externality during Development and Tourism Process

The paper had introduced researches on urban forest park and analyzed its particularity.In terms of elimination of externality during development and tourism consumption process of urban forest park,real estate agent had been introduced and two assumptions had been proposed to eliminate externality.As for elimination of externality during development of urban forest park,right to use planning land for urban forest park and surrounding land for real estate development would be sold to estate agent who would develop urban forest park and commodity house;the management of forest urban park would be undertaken by tourism development companies for which estate agent would make compensation.As for elimination of externality during tourism consumption process,it would control with policies and laws,or establish ticket system.As the study hadn't been conducted on policies about urban land and real estate,the feasibility of the first assumption needed to be further studied by environmental economists.

Tourism Image Plan for Wunvfeng National Forest Park

After the introduction of tourist resources in Wunvfeng National Forest Park, the paper had planed its overall image from the perspectives of concept design, visual identity, behavioral norms and audio identity. The slogan of Wunvfeng National Forest Park had been identified as "tour of nature and mythology-Wunvfeng", and the park's emblem, symbolic mascots, spokesman of tourism image and tourist souvenirs had been set, so as to better display tourist advantages of Wunvfeng National Forest Park and create more economic and social benefits.

The Exploitation of the Tourism Resource of Dabeishan National Forest Park in Guangdong Province

On the basis of analyzing the present utilization of the tourism resources in Dabeishan National Forest Park,the author proposed the principle of developmental utilization of tourism resources after revealing the problems in the exploitation of tourism resources,including the neglect of ecotourism idea,the ineffective utilization of the resources and the mal-connection of the tourism industry chain.

Tourism management in national parks:Sumava and Bayerischer Wald(Bavarian Forest)in the Czech-German borderland

Along the Czech-German border there are four national parks,two Czech and two German,arranged in cross-border‘pairs’.This article focuses on the southern‘pair’formed by the parks of?umava and Bayerischer Wald(Bavarian Forest).The aim is to evaluate and compare tourism organization in their areas,taking into account selected aspects of management:the network of hiking trails with its related infrastructure,transport accessibility,a typology of tourist centers,as well as directions and destinations of tourist movements.Based on the results,it can be concluded that the availability of geographical space for tourists is much greater in the German than in the Czech national park,and the tourism infrastructure is clearly more extensive there,including the network of tourist trails.This is mainly due to the longer and fairly uninterrupted development of tourism in this area.?umava National Park can be identified as a model in terms of how to adjust the directions of tourist movements and the layout of the tourist trail network to the needs of natural environment.On the basis of observations in both national parks,it is possible to indicate various solutions that,after appropriate adaptation,may bring benefits to other protected areas.

An Empirical Research on Satisfaction of Tourism Public Service in National Forest Park

In recent years,leisure individual travel has become a trend of tourism development.Visitors are highly dependent on the public service system of scenic spots.The educational circles at home and abroad are paying more and more attention to the study of tourism public services.Based on the theory of tourist satisfaction evaluation,this paper made an empirical study on the tourism public service system of Kunyu Mountain National Forest Park.It was found that there was a contradiction between the demand for tourism public services and the actual supply in Kunyu Mountain National Forest Park.Based on this,some measures were put forward,such as strengthening the construction of tourist information signs in scenic spots,strengthening the construction of communication facilities and convenient services for tourists,strengthening the training and supervision of service practitioners,and construction of organizations for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of tourists.

Development and Research of Forest Tourism from the Perspective of Forest Experience

Forest experience is an important scale for measuring the development degree of forest tourism,and also an indispensable part of forest tounsm.Domestic theoretical and practical researches on forest experience and forest tourism have been less reported,forest tounsm development and research from the perspective of forest experience have remained in the exploration stage,and researches on natural education and forest culture have also been just initiated.This paper explored problems of current forest tourism development from three perspectives of forest experience,i.e.environmental index,experience content and facility service.By applying scientific development and marketing methods,and combining with traditional health-care culture,forest tourism development spaces could be expanded.Finally,the paper proposed to establish forest ecological monitoring system and enrich forest experience projects to provide visitors forest tounsm expenence with high additional value and satisfaction degree.

Deep Development of Forest Eco-tourism in Xishan District of Kunming City in China

By taking forest resource in Xishan District of Kunming City as an example,the principles and objectives of deep development have been analyzed based on forest resources endowment,and finally specific planning contents and basic guarantee measures have been proposed.

How to Use Tourism to Support Sustainable Forest Management： A Case Study of the Pha Wang Nam Khiao - Pha Khao Phu Luang Forest Reserve, Thailand

The primary objectives of this research focused on developing a sustainable tourism model for the Pha Wang Nam Khiao - Pha Khao Phu Luang Forest Reserve in order to sustain forest area and develop local community simultaneously. The sustainable tourism model was created based on site potential, stakeholders＇ opinions, and cost-benefit analysis. The results showed that the destinations were ranked in high potential for tourism development. The majority of tourists paid attention to forest resources education program and sport outdoor activities. Benefit-cost ratio （BCR） equaled to 1.81 and internal rate of return （IRR） equaled to 16.38, showing suitability and worthiness for developing tourism in Wang Nam Khiao forest reserve. Tourism development strategies have been proposed, including： （1） developing facilities and services for conservation and sustainable tourism; （2） personnel training for sustainable development; and （3） tourism marketing for niche market.

Ecotourism Development in the Context of Cultural and Tourism Integration:A Case Study of Wanli Mopan Mountain Forest Park

The integration of culture and tourism is a new form of tourism and a trend of tourism industry development.Mopan Mountain Forest Park in Wanli District of Nanchang City is taken as research object,and the excavation of its cultural elements is analyzed.It is thought that cultural elements can revitalize the culture and tourism industry,promote the integration of culture and tourism,encourage the mutual penetration of cultural innovation,design services and tourism products,improve the development and service level of cultural tourism products,and accelerate the development of characteristic cultural tourism.

乡村振兴背景下的林业产业融合发展路径探索——基于“森林康养+”的林下经济新业态分析

在国家推进乡村全面振兴的背景下,“森林康养+”模式在林下经济发展中迅速占据了重要位置。这一林下经济新业态不仅为传统的林业产业带来了新的发展机遇,而且为乡村振兴战略提供了一种创新和可持续的发展路径。通过对“森林康养+中医养生+生态旅游”融合的内在逻辑及发展要素分析,为“森林康养+”模式提出了建立配套产业协调发展联盟、打造个性化健康与养生定制服务、系统完成产业融合功能区设计和建立并推动林下生态旅游认证体系的对策建议,旨在为林下产业融合发展和乡村产业振兴提供一定的理论与实践路径参考。

乡村振兴背景下森林康养特色旅游高质量发展探讨

乡村振兴战略,其根本在于推进乡村产业发展,森林康养特色资源的挖掘,为解决乡村发展难题提供了有效路径。作为新型旅游业态,森林康养品牌的打造,要坚持高质量发展规划,将产业资源整合、保护与开发衔接起来,挖掘地方资源禀赋,优化完善相关配套设施,重视现代康养医疗技术与旅游产业链的跨界发展,促进森林康养产业成为推动乡村经济转型升级的新的增长点。

数字经济下福建森林旅游与乡村振兴的融合发展

基于新古典经济学、文化生态、社会资本和环境经济学等相关理论,结合福建5G+平安鼓岭项目、智能导览典型案例、旅游元宇宙城市等数字化实践,探讨森林旅游和乡村振兴在经济、文化、社会及生态系统等方面融合发展的理论逻辑。结果表明:数字技术的应用优化了市场资源配置,加强了文化和社会联系,提升了生态系统的可持续性;数字经济下森林旅游与乡村振兴融合发展存在数字化森林生态模式、个性化大数据森林导览模式、数字森林产品电商销售模式、虚拟森林生态体验模式和社交媒体森林旅游推广模式5种可行模式。因此,为了推动福建省森林旅游与乡村振兴智能、高效、可持续地融合发展,应加强建设数字基础设施,努力提升居民数字素养,不断完善数字法律法规。

湘西森林旅游区域生态服务功能与价值估算

【目的】湘西是我国南方重要的生态功能区,在森林旅游区域实施林分抚育协同森林旅游开发,对推动地区绿色发展有益。【方法】面积迭置获取森林旅游区域生态服务价值估算依据,采用货币价值法、森林旅游功能指数(FTFI)和偏离-份额分析法(SSM),系统评价湘西森林旅游区域生态服务价值演变与空间特征。【结果】1)近20年来湘西森林旅游区域生态服务价值增加了771.90万元/hm^(2),年均增长38.59万元/hm^(2),县均增加32.16万元/hm^(2)。区域单位面积价值排序为:3A级及以上旅游景区(352.14亿元)>国有林场(121.06亿元)>国家森林(湿地)公园(115.86亿元)>自然保护区(99.18亿元)>全国乡村旅游扶贫重点村(47.83亿元)>中国少数民族特色村寨(27.71亿元)>文物保护单位(8.12亿元),森林旅游区域年均价值居前五位的是慈利县、永顺县、桑植县、永定区和沅陵县,居后五位的是洪江市、辰溪县、麻阳县、花垣县和新晃县;2)3A级及以上旅游景区价值最少县域为洪江市(1.16万元/hm^(2)),永定区、慈利县等12个县域的自然保护区区域价值为0,靖州县、龙山县等10个县域文物保护单位价值为0.01万元/hm^(2),桑植县、泸溪县等4个县域国家森林(湿地)公园单位价值为0,国有林场、全国乡村旅游扶贫重点村、中国少数民族特色村寨单位价值最少县域为芷江县(0.18万元/hm^(2))、花垣县(0.12万元/hm^(2))和麻阳县(0.08万元/hm^(2));3)森林旅游区域的固碳释氧、涵养水源功能价值县均达390.43万元/hm^(2)和382.94万元/hm^(2),保育土壤、积累营养物质和保护生物多样性价值较大,森林景观价值县均为11.01万元/hm^(2)。各时段永定区、慈利县、桑植县、永顺县的森林旅游功能指数较大,均超过了1.5的水平值,其他20个县域基本持平。【结论】湘西森林旅游区域生态服务功能多样、价值不断增加,3A级及以上旅游景区、国有林场、国家森林(湿地)公园、自然保护区是发挥生态服务价值的主要区域类型。加强县域协作,坚持森林主体功能定位,调整森林生态绩效结构,合理划定森林生态服务功能分区,能提高森林旅游区域生态服务价值供给水平。

基于层次熵分析法的森林公园康养旅游适宜度评价——以江西省11个国家森林公园为例

为进一步客观了解森林公园康养旅游发展的适宜度,从江西赣东、赣南、赣西、赣北和赣中地区共抽取11个国家森林公园,基于森林质量、环境质量、基础设施建设和资源价值为准则层构建森林公园康养旅游适宜度评价指标体系,采用层次熵分析法确定权重,对11个国家森林公园进行定量和定性分析。结果表明:(1)影响国家森林公园生态旅游发展的因素依次为资源价值(0.3245)、环境质量(0.3063)、基础设施建设(0.2036)、森林质量(0.1656),其中资源价值权重值最高,是评价国家森林公园康养旅游发展的关键因素;(2)选取的11个国家森林公园康养旅游发展评价指标体系中综合得分最高的是武功山国家森林公园,得分最低的是军峰山国家森林公园;(3)选取的11个国家森林公园大致可分为优质型、潜力型和薄弱型三种类型。在综合分析的基础上,提出注重森林生态系统保护与恢复、保护森林公园环境质量、完善基础设施建设、充分挖掘资源价值等发展建议,因地制宜调整相应发展策略,推动国家森林公园康养旅游发展,创造良好人居环境,弘扬城市绿色文明,提升城市品位,促进人与自然和谐,进一步提升森林康养旅游业的生态效益和经济效益。

基于可持续发展的乡村旅游环境设计研究——以常德“枫林花海”为例

以常德“枫林花海”为研究对象,结合可持续发展理念,通过文献综述、实地考察、问卷调查和专家访谈等方法,全面评价和定位景区旅游资源。系统分析了“枫林花海”的自然景源、人文景源、交通可达性、游客行为特征和游人容量等关键因素。提出了基于可持续发展的乡村旅游环境设计原则和具体实施策略,包括地方特色与环境融合、生态保护与可持续发展、核心景观设计、交通可达性设计、场地分区设计等。研究结果显示,这些设计策略的实施可有效提升“枫林花海”的旅游吸引力和游客体验,为乡村旅游的可持续发展提供实践指导。研究不仅为“枫林花海”的旅游规划提供了科学依据,也为其他乡村旅游项目的开发和规划提供了参考。

主观感知视角下社区居民参与森林旅游价值共创意愿研究

以武夷山国家森林公园周边8个村镇中的社区居民为调研对象,综合运用云模型、异质性分析、QCA等方法,探讨社区居民参与森林旅游价值共创意愿的影响因素及其产生影响的组合方式。结果表明:社区居民认可森林旅游发展所带来的经济效益,同时也担忧森林旅游开发过程中可能产生的环境破坏、文化冲突和社区矛盾等负面影响。社区居民参与森林旅游价值共创意愿存在异质性,社区居民的参与意愿在亲友参与森林旅游项目或家庭成员为干部的情况下,会受到显著的负面影响,耕地面积与住房面积对居民价值共创意愿有显著正面影响。文化程度和邻里关系对社区居民参与森林旅游价值共创意愿具有普遍影响,反映了教育和社交因素在塑造个体态度和行为中的关键作用。因此,为了实现森林旅游的可持续发展,政府应通过立法和政策引导,限制森林旅游的过度开发,同时确保环境和文化的保护,提供教育和培训机会,建立公平的利益分配机制,提升社区居民的参与意愿;社区则需要积极参与旅游规划和管理,确保环境和文化的保护,通过教育和培训提升居民参与能力,同时维护良好的邻里关系,增强社区凝聚力;社区居民需要积极参与森林旅游的规划和管理,建立良好的社交网络,承担起环境和文化保护的责任。

立足双向赋能的中国森林康养实践与国际经验借鉴

森林康养作为林业与健康领域融合发展的新业态,在促进森林资源可持续利用、提升区域经济发展和实现旅游与健康的双向赋能方面发挥着重要作用。在梳理国内外森林康养的内涵和健康效应的基础上,分析中国森林康养产业的发展现状,深入探讨德国、日本和韩国三个国家森林康养产业发展历程,总结实践经验,并结合我国森林康养产业建设要求,从严格市场准入机制、契合场地资源条件、对标康养人群需求、加强人才队伍建设和纳入国家医保体系等方面提出政策建议,以期为促进“健康中国”战略实施提供依据。