Game analysis of Chinese stakeholders in collective forest rights system reform

In the current stage of Chinese forest ownership reform,the central and local governments as well as the forest farmers play different roles with variations in their expected returns.Managing these respective relationships between the forestry stakeholders to maximize their benefits while actively engaging each stakeholder in the collective forest ownership reform process has become an important issue.This study uses the game theory methodology to analyze the relationship between the different reform stakeholders and then builds on the forest farmers' participation in the reform model process at the reform movement micro-level.This model calculates the forest products equilibrium marketing sales and the government subsidies provided to the forest farmers,when the forest farmers willingly participate in the reform process.It will provide a reliable basis for formulation of government policies which positively impacts Chinese forestry reform.

Survey on the Peasants' Will of Forest Land Transfer in the Reform of Collective Forest Right System——On the Case of 180 Peasant Households in Lishui City of Zhejiang Province

Taking sample survey in the eighteen villages of Yunhe, Longquan and Qingyuan County of Lishui City of Zhejiang Province, the results show that the forest land transfer of sample peasants is mainly transfer-out, the private treaty of forest land transfer is the main pattern of most peasant households, forest right trading market hasn't got wide approval in peasants, peasants' dependence on land is reducing, and so on. Through analysis, the reasons of influent transfer of forest land include peasant's subjective will, less type of transfer objects, dull information communication, big difference of expected price and imperfect development of intermediary organization. In order to promote a healthy development of forest land transfer, the paper puts forward proposals of strengthening policy publicity, improving system, identifying property right, pushing variety of transfer types, developing forest land market, cultivating subject of market and so on.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Forest Farmers' Enthusiasm for Forest Culture and Management after the Completion of Reform of Collective Forest Right System

Taking Jiangshan City in Zhejiang Province for example,this article uses the binary logit choice model based on the field survey data,to study the factors influencing forest farmers'enthusiasm for forest culture and management after the completion of reform of collective forest right.Finally the following recommendations are put forth:further improving and implementing the forest ecological benefit compensation fund system;reforming the felling management mode and gradually establishing the sustainable forest management system based on forest management plan;improving the technology,market and information services to strengthen the forestry science and technology support;developing the specialty industries such as the bamboo industry and oil-tea camellia industry;developing the under-forest economy and cultivating the underforest industries with characteristics based on the local circumstances.

Innovation in Bio-disaster Prevention and Control Mechanism after Forest Tenure Reform at County Level

Taking Youxi County of Fujian Province as an example,the author introduced basic situations of new bio-disaster prevention and control mechanism for forest resource protection and social service works after the forest tenure reform.Then,the author analyzed new problems faced by bio-disaster prevention and control in forestry.Finally,the author present the existing problems of bio-disaster prevention and control at the county level from five aspects:innovating upon plant quarantine management mechanism;innovation upon survey methods and service modes of bio-disaster monitoring;strengthening and improving construction of bio-disaster monitoring and forecasting network;innovating upon management system for bio-disaster prevention and control;speeding up construction of service system for social prevention and control of bio-disasters.

Ecological Hidden Troubles and Countermeasures under Reform of Collective Forest Tenure

Three stages of reform of collective forest tenure after reform and opening up are reviewed.The reform of forest tenure brings sharp increase of economic benefit.However,due to forest farmers' subjective pursuit for economic benefit and objective lack of necessary economic,financial and technical support,ecological hidden troubles are created.Based on these,we put forward countermeasures,including strengthening forest farmers' awareness of ecological protection and solving ecological problems in accordance with actual conditions of the region.

System Change of Collective Forest Tenure Oriented to Deepening the Reform

We firstly introduce development background of new collective forest tenure reform.The situations indicate that the collective forest tenure reform has already stepped into comprehensive and in-depth stage.However,due to neglect of local demands and actual conditions,there appear problems of low operating efficiency of supporting measures and relevant policies and little effect of in-depth reform.Therefore,it is required to strictly distinguish the relation between system change of collective forest tenure and the in-depth reform.For the purpose of in-depth reform,in accordance with local situations of forest farmers and forestry organizations,requirements for system,as well as local reform conditions,we strictly divide system change of collective forest tenure into three types:induced institutional change,hidden induced institutional change and imposed institutional change.Then,we divide the imposed institutional change into weak institutional change and pure strong institutional change.

深化集体林权制度改革阶段内蒙古林农林业生产经营的动力机制

集体林权制度改革关系国家生态安全和亿万农民福祉。在当前深化集体林权制度改革阶段,通过分析林农林业生产经营的动力因素,得出林农生产经营的动力机制,提出提升林农生产经营动力的对策建议,以期进一步激发林农生产经营的活力,从而促进森林资源持续增长和林农收入持续增加。

深化集体林权制度改革的再思考

对中国三次集体林权制度改革进行概述,分析林业发展环境的变化,提出深化林业改革的主要任务和策略。研究表明:当前中国森林主要作用、林权利用方式、林产品原料来源发生了变化;新一轮集体林改主导者和目标发生了变化,林改成果的评价内容也发生了变化,新一轮林改是从调动农民经营林业的积极性延展到动员全社会参与林业发展,让全社会支持林业发展延展到让林业更好地满足全社会需要;新一轮林改需要持续创新林业协同发展体制、改革森林采伐管理制度、构建林权流转监管和服务平台、创新生态服务价值实现机制、健全生态经济兼顾的林业政策体系。

“两山”理念与集体林权制度改革新格局构建

在阐述“两山”理念的本质与重要体现的基础上,理解其推动指导集体林权制度改革的现实意义,分析了集体林权制度改革的成效和问题,以及集体林权制度改革新格局构建的系统思维,“创新引领、科学先行”和“尊重农民意愿、保护农民权益”的原则,从为推进乡村振兴赋能助力、为推进共同富裕筑好平台以及为推进生态文明建设再立新功3个维度探讨了集体林权制度改革新格局构建的路径。

林木病理学实验教学改革与实践

为提高实验教学质量,培养学生的创新思维和实践能力,安徽农业大学林学与园林学院教学团队针对林木病理学实验课程教学进行了改革与实践,主要措施包括优化教学团队,完善知识体系;引导学生收集病害标本,激发学生的学习兴趣;借助互联网技术,构建知识网络共享平台;合理开放科研平台,搭建“研究生—本科生”交流平台;优化考核方式,对学生综合素质和能力进行全面考核。经过4年的努力,学生的自主学习能力和积极性显著提升,科研创新能力明显增强。

习近平关于集体林权制度改革重要论述的生成逻辑、科学内涵与践行路径

党的十八大以来,习近平始终重视、高度关心集体林权制度改革,把集体林权制度改革工作摆在生态文明建设和林业改革发展的重要位置。习近平坚持以马克思林业经济理论为指导,赓续中华优秀传统林业文化,继承、发展历代中国共产党人林业改革经验,回应建设林业现代化时代呼唤,围绕集体林权制度改革工作的改革方向、内生动力、价值归旨、改革基调、问题导向、拓宽机制等方面提出一系列重要论述。在深入阐释习近平关于集体林权制度改革重要论述的基础上,提出构建科学的森林经营体系,统筹高质量发展与高水平保护;发展林业适度规模经营,提升林业发展质效;畅通“两山”转化通道,充分释放林业内生价值;依靠制度刚性精准落实,以林长制促“林长治”等践行路径。

科研反哺教学在林木育种学教学中的探索与实践

林木育种学是高等农林院校林学专业的一门骨干课程,是以遗传进化理论为指导,研究林木优良品种选育、繁殖原理和技术的学科。其最高目标是选育林木优良品种,为林业生产提供最基本、最优质、最高效的生产资料,是林业的命脉和促进林业产业发展的原动力,在生态文明和美丽中国建设中发挥着越来越重要的作用。为了使学生更容易理解和掌握林木育种学的理论知识,深化科教融合,推进创新型人才培养,完善协同育人机制,在林木育种学授课过程中,通过将理论知识与生产实践相联系,将科技前沿贯穿于课堂教学,并以科研平台辅助实验教学的方式进行教学改革,不仅丰富了教学内容,激发了学生的学习热情,加深了对理论知识的理解,而且还利于学生良好科研素养的培养及创新能力的提高。

习近平关于集体林权制度改革重要论述的生成逻辑、实践指向及价值意蕴

基于马克思主义产权理论、中国共产党领导的百年林业改革发展经验和新时代推进林业高质量发展的现实需要等3个层面分析习近平关于集体林权制度改革重要论述的生成逻辑。准确把握习近平关于集体林权制度改革重要论述的鲜明实践指向:坚持正确改革方向、坚持生态美与百姓富的有机统一、坚持人民主体地位、坚持问题导向、坚持顶层设计和基层探索相统一。总结习近平关于集体林权制度改革重要论述的价值意蕴:有利于为切实改善民生福祉、推进林业生态文明建设提供理论指导,同时为全球林业发展贡献中国智慧和中国方案。

中国林业产权研究热点与变迁趋势——基于CiteSpace和VOSviewer的可视化分析

利用科学知识图谱方法梳理国内林业产权领域研究的热点主题及其变迁趋势,厘清林业产权领域研究的逻辑脉络。综合运用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件,对中国知网(CNKI)学术期刊数据库中2001-2023年收录的1 540篇相关文献进行知识图谱分析。研究发现:自2001年开始,该领域发文量呈现逐年渐进式增长,至2009年达到顶峰后趋于稳定,但领域内作者和发文机构之间的合作较为松散,且国内林业产权领域研究的发文机构相对集中于高校;结合林业产权领域的研究热点,可大致将该领域的研究内容归纳为关于林业产权制度、碳汇、林业产权交易和中国森林资源产权的研究;结合林业产权领域研究的历史脉络与演化趋势,可以将该领域研究分为3个阶段,包括探索阶段、横向拓展阶段和纵向延伸阶段。未来研究应把握“双碳”新特征,以此推进林业产权领域研究深入发展。

Problems in Use of Inefficient and Idle Forestland——A Case of Lutian Town

In order to improve fragile eco-environment and develop economy in mountainous regions, problems during use of barren mountains and forestlands were explored with Lutian Town as an example through a survey of 97 farm households in the research. The results showed that barren lands in Lutian Town were exten- sive and the barren rate was as high as 48.6%. It is notable that the rate is in- creasing as farmer ages and education declines. It is proposed that forestry cooper- atives should be established and land management laws and rules can be formulated to promote mountainous area economy and forestland use.

集体林权制度改革研究进展与热点分析

为给我国集体林权制度改革研究进一步发展提供参考,以CNKI数据库中2003—2022年集体林权制度改革研究文献为对象,分析其演化过程、研究热点和发展趋势。采用文献计量,对发文量、研究机构和关键词进行统计分析;采用CiteSpace V分析软件对研究机构和关键词进行可视化分析。结果表明,集体林权制度改革研究大致可分为3个阶段,即探索(2003—2005年)、深入(2006—2017年)和巩固(2018—2022年)阶段;研究机构间的合作程度较高,大多数研究机构均与北京林业大学和南京林业大学存在合作关系。研究热点为“集体林权”“林权改革”和“林权流转”等,呈现14个聚类,可被归纳为“制度本体”“涉及主体”和“改革措施”3个方面。该研究具有较强的政策引导性,“林业收入”“三权分置”和“林农行为”为目前热门的研究主题。未来,集体林权制度改革研究需与乡村振兴战略和“双碳”目标结合,从内容、方向和方法上进行拓展性研究。

云南省林下经济产业规范的思考

中国实施林权改革以后,林下经济迅速发展,国家政策对林下经济的关注和指导也对其发展有着正向作用。云南省自然资源丰富,非常适宜发展林下经济,目前云南省已经初步形成其产业政策,并且云南省的林下经济已经成为了全省重要的支柱产业之一。在全国范围内,云南省的林下经济具有一定的示范性,本文通过研究云南省现有的林下经济产业规范,对现有产业规范进行梳理。

新中国集体林权制度改革的历史演进与展望

新中国成立75年来,集体林权制度在社会主义革命和建设时期、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期、中国特色社会主义新时代,从初步构建到不断发展成为符合我国国情的一项重要制度,历经了以下几个阶段:国民经济恢复时期(1949—1952年):集体林权制度的酝酿;农业合作化时期(1953—1958年):初步构建集体林权制度,山林入社;人民公社时期(1958—1978年):山林集体所有、统一经营;中共十一届三中全会至中共十六大(1978—2002年):林业三定;中共十六大至中共十八大(2002—2012年):明晰产权、放活经营权、落实处置权、确保收益权;中共十八大到中共二十大(2012—2022年):增绿、增质、增效;2022年中共二十大以来:稳、活、融、试。展望未来,在以中国式现代化推进强国建设、民族复兴的新征程上,集体林权制度改革应继续按照“稳、活、融、试”的顶层设计,通过创新融资机制、培育新型经营主体、做好林权流转服务、推动产业融合等途径分别解决钱、人、权、益四大问题。

国有林场支持深化集体林权制度改革举措探讨

集体林具有重要的经济效益和生态效益,但随着改革开放的不断深入和社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善,集体林权归属不清、权责不明、利益分配不合理等问题逐渐显露,并严重限制了我国林业发展和林农增收。为了解决以上矛盾,我国开展了集体林权制度改革,并实行三权分置的模式激发集体林经营活力,但成效仍有待提高。文中总结了国有林场的发展历程与主要功能、集体林权制度改革的进程与成效,以及国有林场支持集体林权制度改革的探索与实践,认为国有林场是我国林业建设的核心力量,与集体林区联系密切,理应在集体林权制度改革中扮演重要角色。在此基础上,分析国有林场支持集体林权制度改革所面临的问题,包括集体公益林托管补助难以落实、财政经费难以得到有效保障、林区管理技术相对落后、林权矛盾纠纷不断等。为顺利推进集体林权制度改革获得实效,促进林业高质量可持续发展,根据国有林场的自身功能和优势,提出国有林场支持深化集体林权制度改革的有效措施:1)健全集体林经营管理政策法规体系;2)加大财政金融支持力度;3)完善基础设施配套;4)加强国有林场社会化服务;5)建立合理的利益分配机制;6)创新国有林场与林农联合经营模式。

安徽省集体林权制度改革的前事之鉴

本文全面回顾了安徽省集体林权制度改革不断演进的历程,系统阐述了这一改革的复杂性、艰巨性及其实践逻辑和历史经验,提出集体林权是包含多种权利主体、权利客体、权利内容和权利关系的集合性物权,深入探究安徽省深化集体林权制度改革中妥善处理生态保护与产业发展、稳定集体林地家庭承包关系与发展适度规模经营等重要关系的对策,并基于森林多种功能及其主导利用的分类经营管理实践论述增强林业发展内生动力的路径,从分析林业效益外部性特征出发提出强化林业发展外部供给的策略。