Distribution, evolution and structural properties of Wushenqi paleo-uplift in Ordos Basin, NW China

This paper depicts the distribution of the Wushenqi paleo-uplift in the Ordos Basin by using the latest drilling and seismic data, and analyzes the tectonic evolution of the paleo-uplift with the support of Bischke curve and balanced section. The compressional Wushenqi paleo-uplift which developed in the Early Caledonian orogeny(Huaiyuan orogeny) is approximately a ellipse extending in S-N direction. Its long axis is about 194 km and short axis is about 55-94 km in nearly W-E direction. The denudation thickness and area of the Cambrian in the core are 170-196 m and 11 298 km^(2), respectively. It was mainly formed during the Huaiyuan orogeny according to the chronostratigraphic framework. It was in the embryonic stage in the Middle-Late Cambrian, denuded after developed obviously at the end of Late Cambrian. The paleo-uplift of the 3rd member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation was reactivated and reduced in area. In the sedimentary period of the Ma 4 Member-pre-Carboniferous, the paleo-uplift experienced non-uniform uplift and denudation. It entered the stable period of burial and preservation in the Carboniferous and later period. The Wushenqi paleo-uplift was formed on the weak area of the basement and tectonic belts, into an compressional structure with irregular morphology, under the control of the non-coaxial compression in the south and north and the stress transmitted by the uplift in the basin. The Wushenqi paleo-uplift has a controlling effect on the sedimentary reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation.

Diagenesis of the Triassic Yanchang Formation Tight Sandstone Reservoir in the Xifeng–Ansai Area of Ordos Basin and its Porosity Evolution

This work aims to reveal the evolution of the porosity in the Triassic Yanchang Formation tight sandstone reservoir of the Xifeng–Ansai area of Ordos Basin. Based on destructive diagenesis(compaction and cementation) and constructive diagenesis(dissolution) of sandstone reservoirs, this study analyzed the diagenesis characteristics of the tight sandstone reservoirs in this area, and discussed the relationship between sandstone diagenesis and porosity evolution in combination with present porosity profile characteristics of sandstone reservoir. The effect simulation principle was employed for the mathematical derivation and simulation of the evolution of porosity in the Yanchang Formation tight sandstone reservoirs. The result shows that compaction always occurs in tight sandstone reservoirs in the Yanchang Formation, and cementation occurs when the burial depth increases to a certain value and remains ever since. Dissolution occurs only at a certain stage of the evolution with window features. In the corresponding present porosity profile, diagenesis is characterized by segmentation. From the shallow to the deep, compaction, compaction, cementation and dissolution, compaction and cementation occur successively. Therefore, the evolution of sandstone porosity can be divided into normal compaction section, acidification and incremental porosity section, and normal compaction section after dissolution. The results show that the evolution of sandstone porosity can be decomposed into porosity reduction model and porosity increase model. The superposition of the two models at the same depth in the three stages or in the same geological time can constitute the evolution simulation of the total porosity in sandstone reservoirs. By simulating the evolution of sandstone reservoir porosity of the eighth member in Xifeng area and the sixth member in Ansai area, it shows that they are similar in the evolution process and trend. The difference is caused by the regional uplift or subsidence and burial depth.

Groundwater Systems and Resources in the Ordos Basin,China

Ordos 盆是在西北的中国的大规模沉积的盆。到顶的从底部的 hydrostratigraphic 单位是 pre 寒武纪的变形岩石，更低的古生代的碳酸盐岩石，上面对中生代碎屑状的岩石和新生代存款古生代。全部的厚度直到 6000 m。三个地下水系统在 Ordos 盆是在场的，基于地质的设置，即石灰岩地区常见的地形地下水系统，白垩纪碎屑状的地下水系统和第四级的地下水系统。这份报纸系统地描述每个系统的地下水流动模式和对地下水资源的全面评价。

Oderly accumulation theory of shale system petroleum resource and its prospecting significance-A case study of Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin

1 Introduction Shale formations bear abundant mineral resource and*unconventional petroleum resource,and the unconventional petroleum resource that contain in the shale formation should be integrated and researched.

Restoration of formation processes of dolomite reservoirs based on laser U-Pb dating: A case study of Ordovician Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin, NW China

To address the issue of non-unique interpretation of dolomite reservoir diagenetic and porosity evolution in the previous qualitative or semi-quantitative studies, we investigate two dolomite reservoir types, i.e. weathering-crust karstic reservoirs and mound-beach reservoirs, in the Ordovician Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin by using in-situ laser ablation U-Pb dating as well as carbon and oxygen isotopic composition analysis. The results show that:(1) According to the dating of 8 reservoir samples, the Majiagou Formation experienced 5 diagenetic stages(Stage 1: deposition of matrix dolomite or penecontemporaneous dolomitization, in 444.0–494.0 Ma;Stage 2: dogtooth-or blade-shaped dolomite cementation, in 440.0–467.0 Ma;Stage 3: dolomitic silt filling, in 316.5–381.0 Ma;Stage 4: crystalline dolomite filling, in 354.0 Ma;Stage 5: crystalline calcite filling, in 292.7–319.0 Ma).(2) Supra-salt weathering-crust karstic dolomite reservoirs went through several diagenetic processes including penecontemporaneous dolomitization, compaction, weathering-crust karstification, packing, and rupturing in succession. Gypsum mold pores formed in the phase of hypergenic karstification and were filled with such minerals as dolomitic silts and calcites, and thus the porosity decreased from 10%–40% to 3%–8%.(3) Sub-salt mound-beach dolomite reservoirs went through the diagenetic processes including penecontemporaneous dolomitization, compaction, subsea cementation, penecontemporaneous corrosion, infiltration backflow dolomitization, packing, and rupturing. The porosity of reservoirs was originally 10%–30%, decreased to 0–6% due to seawater cementation, rose back to 5%–15% owing to penecontemporaneous corrosion, and finally declined to 2%–6% as a result of crystalline dolomites and calcites packing. The above methodology for the restoration of dolomitization and porosity evolution may be helpful for the restoration of porosity evolution in other basins or series of strata.

Discovery and geological knowledge of the large deep coal-formed Qingyang Gas Field, Ordos Basin, NW China

After 50 years of oil and gas exploration in Longdong area of southwest Ordos Basin,NW China,a deep coal-formed gas field was discovered for the first time in Qingyang area.Through observation of field outcrops and core,analysis of common,cast and cathode thin sections,Ro and other geochemistry indexes,carbon isotope,electron microscope and other supporting tests and analyses,the hydrocarbon generation,reserves formation and reservoir formation characteristics of gas reservoirs at different buried depths in Yishaan slope were examined and compared.The deep gas reservoir has an average buried depth of more than 4200 m,and the main gas-bearing formation is the Member 1 of Lower Permian Shanxi Formation,which is characterized by low porosity,low permeability,low pressure and low abundance.It is believed that hydrocarbon generation in thin seam coal source rocks with high thermal evolution can form large gas fields,high-quality sandstone reservoirs with dissolved pores,intergranular pores and intercrystalline pores can still develop in late diagenetic stage under deep burial depth and high thermal evolution,and fractures improve the permeability of reservoirs.High drying coefficient of natural gas and negative carbon isotope series are typical geochemical characteristics of deep coal-formed gas.The integrated exploration and development method has been innovated,and the economic and effective development mode of gas fields of"dissecting sand body by framework vertical wells,centralized development by horizontal wells"has been formed.The discovery and successful exploration of the large gas field has provided geological basis and technical support for the construction of natural gas fields of 100 billion cubic meter scale in the southwest of the basin,and has important guidance for exploration of coal-derived gas with deep buried depth and high thermal evolution widely distributed in China.

Characteristics and resource prospects of tight oil in Ordos Basin, China

Efficient large-scale development of ultra-low-permeability reservoirs(0.3-1 mD)has been achieved in the Changqing Oilfield,Ordos Basin of China.According to unique features of petroleum exploration and development in this basin,tight oil herein refers to petroleum that occurs in oil-bearing shales and interbedded tight sandstone reservoirs adjacent to source rocks with ambient air permeability<0.3 mD.Tight oil in tight sandstone and shale have generally not yet experienced large-scale long-distance migration.In the Yanchang Formation,tight oil has mainly accumulated in the semi-deep to deep lacustrine facies,typically in oil-bearing shales and tight sandstones of the 7th member oil-bearing formation and tight sandstones of the 6th member oil-bearing formation in the center of the basin.Tight oil resource in the Ordos Basin is characterized by wide spatial distribution,excellent source rocks,extremely tight sandstone reservoirs,complex pore throat structures,poor physical properties,high oil saturation,good crude-oil properties,and low reservoir pressure.A fundamental feature of the continuous oil and gas accumulation in tight oil reservoirs is the widespread development of nano-scale pore-throat systems.In the Yanchang Formation,most of connected pore throats in tight sandstone reservoirs have diameters greater than critical pore throat diameter,allowing oil and gas migration in the tight reservoirs.According to contact relationship between tight reservoirs and source rocks,three types of tight oil reservoirs are identified in the Yanchang Formation,i.e.,tight massive sandstone reservoir,sand-shale interbed reservoir,and oil-bearing shale reservoir.In the Ordos Basin,tight oil is widely distributed in the 6th and 7th members of the Yanchang Formation,with total resources estimated to be 3×10^(9) t.These include>1×10^(9) t of oil resources in shale in the 7th member of the Yanchang Formation and approximately 0.9×10^(9) t and 1.1×10^(9) t of tight sandstone oil resource in the 6th and 7th members of the Yanchang Formation,respectively.These tight oil resources are the realistic resources addition for the oilfield,which can ensure an annual production of 50×10^(6) t of oil and gas equivalent and maintain long-term stable oil production in the Changqing Oilfield,Ordos Basin,China.

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部庆城地区三叠系长7段—长3段层序地层特征及演化规律

通过井-震精细标定、凝灰岩标志层约束和速度模型正演等方法,建立了鄂尔多斯盆地西南部庆城地区三叠系长7段—长3段等时地层格架,并对地层演化特征进行了分析。研究结果表明:①庆城地区三叠系长7段—长3段湖泛泥岩具有高伽马、高声波和中—高电阻率特征,单层湖泛泥岩在横向上表现为向湖盆中心倾斜的特征,纵向上长7段—长3段均有分布,具有等时对比意义;长4+5段发育的细粒沉积是不同时期湖泛作用的叠加响应结果。②研究区长7段—长3段以湖泛泥岩为界,自下而上划分为7个等时地层单元(Pss1—Pss7),横向上彼此叠置,向湖盆中心方向进积,垂向上表现为顶积层、斜积层和底积层“三元”结构。③研究区长7段—长3段整体表现为震荡湖退背景下的前积式充填特征,其演化可分为3个阶段:早期(Pss1—Pss2),坡度相对较小,地层总体呈楔状加积—弱进积叠置样式;中期(Pss3—Pss5)随着前积斜坡推进到半深湖—深湖区,坡度变大,地层主要表现为“S”形前积结构,顶积层广泛发育三角洲前缘沉积,底积层深湖相重力流砂体发育;晚期(Pss6—Pss7)湖盆萎缩,水体变浅,斜坡高度和角度均变小,顶积层发育三角洲平原沉积,斜积层中上部主要为三角洲前缘沉积,斜积层中下部和底积层以前三角洲—半深湖相泥质沉积为主。

深层致密砂岩储层成岩演化对含气性的影响——以鄂尔多斯盆地西南部庆阳气田二叠系山1段为例

为研究深层致密砂岩储层成岩作用特征,分析成岩演化对储层含气性的影响,通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜、物性、测井综合解释等资料,结合前人研究成果,对庆阳气田二叠系山西组1段(山1段)进行研究。研究结果表明:(1)庆阳气田山1段分流河道中部多期厚层砂岩具有连续沉积型和间隔沉积型两类叠置关系,前者孔隙组合类型以溶蚀孔+粒间孔+晶间微孔为主,后者以溶蚀孔+晶间微孔为主。相较于后者,前者填隙物含量更低、物性更好、含气性更好。(2)压实作用是影响山1段储层含气性最主要的破坏性成岩作用,连续沉积型与间隔沉积型砂岩储层压实率分别为55.4%与61.2%;溶蚀作用是影响储层含气性最主要的建设性成岩作用,二者溶蚀率分别为27.9%与19.7%。连续沉积型砂岩储层受中等压实作用—中等胶结作用—中等溶蚀作用的成岩演化影响,破坏性成岩作用较弱;间隔沉积型砂岩储层受中等-强压实作用—中等-弱胶结作用—中等-弱溶蚀作用的成岩演化影响,破坏性成岩作用较强。(3)研究区山1段储层以先致密后充注为主,受成岩演化影响,连续沉积型砂岩储层较间隔沉积型砂岩储层致密化程度低,天然气充注规模大,含气性好。(4)引入成岩综合指数定量判断山1段储层成岩作用强度。平面上,西部主河道以间隔沉积型砂岩为主,储层成岩综合指数较低,含气性较差;东部主河道以连续沉积型砂岩为主,储层成岩综合指数较高,含气性较好。含气储层主要发育在庆阳一线以东地区。

鄂尔多斯盆地北部直罗组古河道砂体分布区矿井涌水模式

近十几年来,鄂尔多斯盆地北部煤矿开采频频受到了直罗组地下水的威胁,甚至出现了突水事故。区内以直罗组地下水为充水水源的大水矿井连片分布,且与直罗组古河道砂体关系密切。为阐释神府南区直罗组古河道砂体分布区矿井涌水模式,在直罗组古河道砂体空间分布及其对地下水赋存控制作用研究的基础上,从研究区尺度、井田尺度和工作面尺度,分析了直罗组古河道砂体与矿井涌水的关系,提出了直罗组古河道砂体下矿井涌水模式。结果表明:神府南区直罗组古河道冲刷带沿红碱淖—尔林兔—锦界一线发育,冲刷带内延安组第5段几乎被冲刷剥蚀殆尽,在局部地区延安组第4段也遭受了冲刷。根据砂分散体系分析和隔水岩组发育特征,将冲刷带内充填沉积的古河道砂体分为3级。直罗组古河道砂体富水性的强弱主要受控于砂体规模、物性特征和风化作用,一级砂体(主河道)区域富水性强于二级砂体(分支河道)及三级砂体(三角洲间湾、分流间湾)区域,当砂体遭受风化后,其富水性将进一步增强。基于不同尺度下砂体分级、风化砂体厚度与矿井涌水关系的分析,提出了研究区东部现阶段古河道砂体下生产矿井的3种涌水模式。强涌水模式,主要位于一级砂体分布区,风化砂体厚度一般≥30 m。中等涌水模式,主要位于一级砂体的边缘或二级砂体区域,风化砂体厚度一般10~30 m。弱涌水模式,主要位于三级砂体区域,风化砂体厚度一般<10 m。

古河道砂岩含水层水资源保护与水害防治方法

鄂尔多斯盆地开采侏罗纪煤层的矿区有24个,原煤产量占全国的45%左右,随着开采深度的增加,煤层顶板直罗组古河道砂岩含水层成为煤矿突水的主要水源。直罗组砂岩含水层富水性相对较弱,但采动条件下释水效应显著,成为长期、持续提供煤矿矿井水的主要突水水源。同时,该区属于生态脆弱区,水资源相对短缺,如何有效利用有限的水资源,无疑是矿区地下水系统保护和生态环境保护的重要基础。以榆神矿区及曹家滩煤矿为例,提出了古河道砂岩含水层研究技术路线、主要研究内容和研究方法。应综合运用沉积学、水文地质学和矿井防治水理论,辅助必要的野外地质调查、典型剖面实测、水文地质及环境地质典型要素专项调查、钻探、物探测井和采样测试、数值模拟等方法,重点开展古河道砂岩含水层沉积演化及物性特征、古河道砂岩含水层地下水系统特征、古河道砂岩含水层与煤层开采互馈机制等3个方面的研究。神府南区研究实践表明,直罗组下段古河道砂体规模巨大且具有良好的孔隙、裂隙结构特征,具有良好的地下水储存和运移性能,总体上以红碱淖—尔林兔—锦界一线为轴线,呈NW-SE向带状展布。延安组第四段、第五段遭受了直罗组古河道冲刷。主河道区域富水性强于分支河道和分流间湾区域,是矿井涌(突)水危险性较大区域,应做好水害防控。

鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区长7油层组泥页岩孔隙结构定量表征与动态演化过程

全孔径孔隙结构的定量表征与动态演化研究是认识泥页岩储层成储机理和明确孔隙与烃-岩相互作用关系的重要基础。通过场发射扫描电镜、高压压汞、N_(2)和CO_(2)吸附实验等技术,对鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区长7油层组不同成熟度的典型岩心,以及开展过生、排烃模拟实验的泥页岩样品进行了孔隙结构的定量表征。在此基础上,结合生、排烃模拟和X射线衍射全岩/黏土矿物含量的测试结果,研究有机质生排烃、矿物成岩与孔隙结构演化的相互作用,定量分析储层孔隙结构和分形特征的动态演化特征。结果表明:长7油层组泥页岩储层的微孔、小孔和中孔对孔体积贡献较大,而孔比表面积主要由微孔和小孔提供。随着有机质生排烃、无机矿物溶蚀和矿物间转化的发生,总孔体积具有先减小后增大的趋势,其中中-大孔占比先降低后增加,且微-小孔的非均质性总体增强,而中-大孔的非均质性具有先增加后降低的趋势。相关性分析表明:孔隙大小、矿物组成耦合于储层的非均质性,其中微-小孔的分形维数D_(1)与微孔占微-小孔的孔体积比例和黏土矿物含量均呈正相关,而中-大孔的分形维数D_(2)与大孔占中-大孔的孔体积比例呈负相关,与脆性矿物含量呈正相关。研究结果对以长7油层组泥页岩为典型代表的中国陆相页岩油甜点区优选具有重要的指导意义。

鄂尔多斯盆地乌审旗古隆起的分布、演化及构造属性

基于最新钻井与地震资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地乌审旗古隆起的分布进行刻画,同时采用Bischke曲线、平衡剖面方法分析其形成演化。结果表明,乌审旗古隆起为加里东早期形成的挤压型古隆起,平面呈南北向展布的椭圆状,长轴约194 km,短轴近东西向,长55~94 km,核部寒武系被剥蚀的厚度与面积分别为170~196 m和11298 km^(2);利用年代地层格架剖面分析古隆起主体形成时间为怀远运动时期;中—晚寒武世为乌审旗隆起雏形期,晚寒武世末期隆起显著发育后被剥蚀,至奥陶纪马家沟组马三段沉积期隆起发生继承性活动,隆起面积减小,马四段沉积期—石炭系沉积前古隆起区地层发生非均一性抬升并遭受剥蚀,石炭纪及其之后进入埋藏保存的稳定期。乌审旗古隆起是在基底与构造薄弱带之上形成的,并受南部、北部的非共轴挤压以及盆内隆起传递的应力影响,发育成形态不规则的挤压型古隆起,该古隆起对沉积储集层和油气聚集具有一定控制作用。

低熟泥页岩芳烃地球化学特征及其成熟度演化——以沙四上段与长7段为例

以东营凹陷沙河街组四段上亚段(沙四上段)与鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段(长7段)低熟泥页岩为例,利用气相色谱—质谱技术,分析芳烃地球化学特征,揭示芳烃化合物在生物来源、环境、成熟度上的差异性与演化特征。结果表明:沙四上段泥页岩3~6环芳烃相对丰度较高,长7段泥页岩4环以上芳烃丰度相对较低;沙四上段的芳烃参数荧蒽/芘大于长7段的,指示前者芳烃演化程度较高;沙四上段与长7段泥页岩芳烃是成岩作用与异常热作用混合成因的结果,其中沙四上段芳烃分布特征受热作用影响更大。沙四上段比长7段具有更高的陆生高等植物有机质输入。4-环芳烃参数三亚苯/[艹屈]与甲基二苯并噻吩具有良好的正相关关系,指示三亚苯/[艹屈]是芳烃成熟度评价的有效参数。该结果为低熟泥页岩评价提供参考。

陆相页岩及其夹层储集特征对比与差异演化模式

不同于海相页岩,中国陆相页岩层系源-储配置与耦合关系复杂,页岩与夹层储集特征差异显著,明确其演化规律对陆相页岩油气的勘探具有重要指导意义。利用矿物组分、有机地球化学和物性资料,结合岩心、薄片、扫描电镜观察分析,对处于不同热演化程度的鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组、四川盆地侏罗系自流井组和松辽盆地白垩系营城组陆相页岩开展系统研究。通过分析页岩层系内页岩与夹层的储集空间类型与物性特征,探讨成岩-生烃协同作用下页岩与夹层孔隙形成演化过程,建立了陆相页岩和夹层孔隙的差异演化模式。结果表明:①中国陆相页岩岩相类型多样,以混合质、黏土质和粉砂质页岩为主,并常与碳酸盐岩、砂岩及凝灰岩等夹层频繁互层,岩相组合类型复杂。页岩储集空间以无机孔为主,有机孔次之,局部发育微裂缝。夹层储集空间以残余粒间(溶)孔、粒内(溶)孔和微裂缝等无机孔缝为主。②陆相页岩及夹层孔隙演化受成岩-生烃作用共同控制,页岩黏土矿物含量高、抗压实能力弱、生烃之前无机孔隙快速减少。进入生油窗后,页岩有机孔、黏土粒间/晶间孔、溶蚀孔和微裂缝发育程度逐渐增加。晚成岩阶段之前,以生油高峰为界,页岩孔隙度具有先降后升的变化规律。夹层则在压实和胶结等作用下逐渐致密,储集性逐渐变差。③延长组处于生油期,有机孔发育程度低,页岩储集条件差,砂岩夹层页岩油富集条件更优;自流井组处于成熟-高熟阶段,油、气共存,页岩有机、无机孔隙均较为发育,页岩储集条件更优,夹层主要为次要储层或隔层;营城组已进入高熟-过熟阶段,最利于页岩气和有机孔的形成,页岩储集条件最优。

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘上石炭统羊虎沟组岩相类型及沉积模式

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘石炭系羊虎沟组沉积厚度变化大,岩相组合多样,沉积演化序列不明确,沉积模式复杂。在对羊虎沟组12条野外剖面、28口钻井岩心详细观察的基础上,结合岩石薄片、粒度分析、化石遗迹、古流向分析、地球化学特征以及测井资料分析,系统开展了羊虎沟组岩相及岩相组合特征研究,讨论了羊虎沟组沉积相及沉积演化过程。研究表明:鄂尔多斯盆地西缘羊虎沟组沉积期发育18种岩相类型、8种岩相组合类型,分别反映了三角洲平原分流河道、潮控三角洲前缘水下分流河道、河口湾—潮坪(潮道、潮汐沙坝)、潮坪(沙坪、混合坪—泥坪)、障壁岛—潟湖及陆棚沉积特征。羊虎沟组南北向展布的中央古隆起横亘在鄂尔多斯盆地西部,分割了祁连海和华北海,盆地西部总体处于祁连海域。羊虎沟组沉积期总体为海陆过渡沉积环境,经历了水体变深又变浅的过程:羊三段沉积期,鄂尔多斯盆地中东部仍为剥蚀古隆起,仅西缘局部地区接受沉积,研究区北部水体较浅,乌达—阿拉善左旗发育潮控三角洲—潮坪—障壁岛沉积,中南部水体相对较深,主要发育障壁岛—陆棚沉积;羊二段沉积期,受中央古隆起影响,东西海域尚未沟通,但沉积范围及水体深度较早期明显增加,潮汐作用较强,河流作用受限,研究区北部乌达地区及南部靖远地区以河口湾—潮坪沉积为主,中部水体最深,发育陆棚沉积;羊一段沉积期,祁连海向东超覆,中央古隆起萎缩,东西海域沟通,沉积范围扩大,水体深度总体变小,其中研究区西部水体略深,发育三角洲—障壁岛沉积,东部水体较浅,以潮坪沉积为主。

致密砂岩储层特征及质量影响因素——以鄂尔多斯盆地西北部二叠系下石盒子组为例

以鄂尔多斯盆地西北部二叠系下石盒子组致密砂岩为研究对象,基于铸体薄片、扫描电镜观测结果,采用核磁共振和氮气吸附孔隙度、渗透率测试等方法,分析下石盒子组致密砂岩储层特征及质量影响因素。结果表明:鄂尔多斯盆地西北部二叠系下石盒子组储层主要由长石岩屑砂岩及岩屑砂岩组成,属于典型的致密砂岩。快速埋藏是储层致密化的最主要原因,压实作用是造成储层质量降低的最主要因素,原生孔隙度下降率为58%;胶结作用进一步使砂岩储层致密,是导致储层质量降低的次要原因,原生孔隙度下降率为24%;成岩作用形成方解石和铁方解石并充填粒间孔隙,储层质量降低。长石的溶蚀提供广泛粒间孔隙,以及刚性石英颗粒的抵抗压实保护部分原生孔隙,改善储层质量。该结果为其他河流相致密砂岩盆地的储层研究提供参考。

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7-8段深水沉积特征及演化规律

为明确鄂尔多斯盆地富县-志丹地区延长组7-8段深水细粒层系沉积特征及演化规律,利用研究区测录井、岩心、薄片,结合总有机碳(total organic carbon,TOC)、全岩X射线衍射等资料识别细粒沉积岩的岩相类型,分为粉砂岩和泥页岩2大类,细分为7亚类,分别是风暴粉砂岩、地震滑塌粉砂岩、异重流粉砂岩;中低有机质纹层状长英质页岩、高有机质纹层状长英质页岩、高有机质纹层状黏土岩、低有机质块状长英质页岩。利用标志层、测井响应特征、地球化学等高精度测试资料将研究区长7-8段划分为一个Ⅲ级层序、3个体系域、7个准层序组,并建立剖面精度到准层序组(10~20 m)的精细层序地层格架;讨论精细层序地层格架演变约束下的细粒沉积岩分布规律。对于粉砂岩:低位和高位体系域晚期水深相对较小,受风暴影响大,发育风暴粉砂岩;高位体系域早期,受陆源洪水影响,发育异重流粉砂岩;地震滑塌粉砂岩的分布受幕式构造运动控制,在低位和湖侵体系域均有分布:对于泥页岩:中低有机质泥页岩分布在低位和高位体系域晚期,高有机质泥页岩则分布在湖侵和高位体系域早期。可见湖平面的升降变化控制了不同岩相类型的垂向分布,体现为粉砂岩与泥页岩高频互层,其中地震滑塌粉砂岩主要受控于幕式构造运动。此外,平面岩相分布规律表明,泥页岩和粉砂岩生储配置关系较好,且分布范围较广,整体呈条带状沿物源方向平行岸线分布,是岩性油气藏勘探开发有利区。

甘肃陇东新庄井田延安组沉积环境分析——对鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗世早期古地理演化的启示

研究陇东地区延安组沉积环境精细变化,对认识我国西北地区成煤环境及气候环境演变具有重要意义。通过对陇东新庄井田钻孔岩性和测井资料分析,发现延安组沉积环境总体为三角洲环境,包括河道间、沼泽、天然堤和分流河道四种微相,煤层主要形成于河道间沼泽环境;沉积微相变化反映自下而上水体由浅变深再变浅,水动力由弱变强再减弱的过程。结合区域气候构造资料,显示延安组沉积期盆地内整体气候温暖湿润,构造比较稳定,成煤阶段主要受季节性气候差异的影响。综合分析盆地内延安组一、二段岩性和沉积微相变化,该时期鄂尔多斯盆地古地理环境分为四个阶段:延安组一段早期为气候稳定的沼泽阶段;延安组一段晚期气候相对干燥,以河道间环境为主,盆地局部出现抬升高地;延安组二段早期气候炎热干燥,以分流河道环境为主;延安组二段晚期盆地气候温暖湿润,以河道间沉积环境为主。

鄂尔多斯盆地地下水资源与开发利用

鄂尔多斯盆地是我国西北地区的大型构造沉积盆地,以前寒武系变质岩为基底,依次沉积了下古生界碳酸盐岩、上古生界—中生界碎屑岩和各种成因的新生界,总厚度达6000m。根据盆地的地质构造特征和水文地质条件,将鄂尔多斯盆地含水岩系划为周边寒武系—奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶含水层系统、白垩系碎屑岩裂隙孔隙含水层系统和盆地东部基岩裂隙水与上覆第四系松散层孔隙含水层系统。在含水层系统划分的基础上,以含水体之间是否具有统一的水力联系和稳定的水动力场和水化学场为依据,将周边岩溶水可进一步划分为10个水流系统和22个子系统,白垩系地下水划分为5个水流系统和11个子系统,石炭系—侏罗系裂隙水与上覆松散层孔隙水划分为9个地下水系统。系统论述了含水层系统特征,区域水文地球化学特征和地下水循环规律,对鄂尔多斯盆地地下水资源进行了全面评价,针对能源基地建设的供水急需,提出了地下水合理开发利用建议。