This paper aims to improve the performance of a class of distributed parameter systems for the optimal switching of actuators and controllers based on event-driven control. It is assumed that in the available multiple...This paper aims to improve the performance of a class of distributed parameter systems for the optimal switching of actuators and controllers based on event-driven control. It is assumed that in the available multiple actuators, only one actuator can receive the control signal and be activated over an unfixed time interval, and the other actuators keep dormant. After incorporating a state observer into the event generator, the event-driven control loop and the minimum inter-event time are ultimately bounded. Based on the event-driven state feedback control, the time intervals of unfixed length can be obtained. The optimal switching policy is based on finite horizon linear quadratic optimal control at the beginning of each time subinterval. A simulation example demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed policy.展开更多
Switch policy is essential for small cells to properly serve variable number of users in an energy efficient way.However,frequently switching small cell base stations(SBSs) may increase the network operating cost,espe...Switch policy is essential for small cells to properly serve variable number of users in an energy efficient way.However,frequently switching small cell base stations(SBSs) may increase the network operating cost,especially when there is an nonnegligible start-up energy cost.To this end,by observing the variety of user number,we focus on the design of a switch policy which minimize the cumulative energy consumption.A given user transmission rate is guaranteed and the capability of SBSs are limited as well.According to the knowledge on user number variety,we classify the energy consumption problem into two cases.In complete information case,to minimize the cumulative energy consumption,an offline solution is proposed according to critical segments.A heuristic algorithm for incomplete information case(HAIIC) is proposed by tracking the difference of cumulative energy consumption.The upper bound of the Energy Consumption Ratio(ECR) for HAIIC is derived as well.In addition,a practical Q-learning based probabilistic policy is proposed.Simulation results show that the proposed HAIIC algorithm is able to save energy efficiently.展开更多
Industrial policy can promote economic growth and industrial upgrading by encouraging enterprises to adopt product switching.By utilizing comprehensive industrial policies and customs trade databases from 2000 to 2015...Industrial policy can promote economic growth and industrial upgrading by encouraging enterprises to adopt product switching.By utilizing comprehensive industrial policies and customs trade databases from 2000 to 2015,this paper found that firms with product ranges within policy-supported areas were more active in product switching.Among all the enterprises that adopted the product switching,those with nonmain products in policy-supported areas were more inclined to adjust their main product.They tended to transform nonmain product to main product as opposed to introducing new main product in order to effectively leverage their export experience and established technology.Whereas,for enterprises whose main product was within the policy-supported areas,their tendency to switch products significantly decreased.Mechanism analysis suggested that policy support,by alleviating industry distress and mitigating excessive market competition,encouraged firms to switch products to areas with policy backing.Moreover,we estimated trade performance after product switching from the perspective of product unit price and export product quality.We found that for firms whose main product was in policy-supported areas,such switching was more likely to result in“low price,high quality”exports,whereas for firms with nonmain products in supported areas,such switching was more likely to lead to“high price,low quality”exports,which indicates that firms switching to policy-supported areas need to continuously develop their core competencies and operate effectively to improve their production performance.展开更多
This work develops asymptotically optimal dividend policies to maximize the expected present value of dividends until ruin.Compound Poisson processes with regime switching are used to model the surplus and the switch...This work develops asymptotically optimal dividend policies to maximize the expected present value of dividends until ruin.Compound Poisson processes with regime switching are used to model the surplus and the switching（a continuous-time controlled Markov chain） represents random environment and other economic conditions.Assuming the switching to be fast varying together with suitable conditions,it is shown that the system has a limit that is an average with respect to the invariant measure of a related Markov chain.Under simple conditions,the optimal policy of the limit dividend strategy is a threshold policy.Using the optimal policy of the limit system as a guide,feedback control for the original surplus is then developed.It is demonstrated that the constructed dividend policy is asymptotically optimal.展开更多
调度策略是核心路由交换设备性能的重要保证.针对联合输入交叉节点排队(combined input and cross-point queuing,简称CICQ)交换结构现有调度策略在复杂度或性能方面存在的缺陷,深入探讨了CICQ交换结构调度策略设计的基本准则,并提出了C...调度策略是核心路由交换设备性能的重要保证.针对联合输入交叉节点排队(combined input and cross-point queuing,简称CICQ)交换结构现有调度策略在复杂度或性能方面存在的缺陷,深入探讨了CICQ交换结构调度策略设计的基本准则,并提出了CICQ下虚拟通道的概念.基于基本准则和虚拟通道概念,提出一种简单、高效和公平服务的动态轮询调度策略——FDR(fair service and dynamic round robin).其算法复杂度为O(1),具有良好的可扩展性;并依据虚拟通道的状态为其分配调度份额,具有良好的动态实时性能,能够适应流量负载非均衡的网络环境.SPES(switching performance evaluation systcm)仿真结果表明,该算法具有良好的时延、吞吐量和抗突发性能.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61174021 and 61104155)the Fundamental Research Funds for theCentral Universities,China(Grant Nos.JUDCF13037 and JUSRP51322B)+1 种基金the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities,China(GrantNo.B12018)the Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduates,China(Grant No.CXZZ13-0740)
文摘This paper aims to improve the performance of a class of distributed parameter systems for the optimal switching of actuators and controllers based on event-driven control. It is assumed that in the available multiple actuators, only one actuator can receive the control signal and be activated over an unfixed time interval, and the other actuators keep dormant. After incorporating a state observer into the event generator, the event-driven control loop and the minimum inter-event time are ultimately bounded. Based on the event-driven state feedback control, the time intervals of unfixed length can be obtained. The optimal switching policy is based on finite horizon linear quadratic optimal control at the beginning of each time subinterval. A simulation example demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed policy.
基金partially supported by National Key Project of China under Grants No. 2013ZX03001007-004National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 61102052,61325012,61271219,91438115 and 61221001
文摘Switch policy is essential for small cells to properly serve variable number of users in an energy efficient way.However,frequently switching small cell base stations(SBSs) may increase the network operating cost,especially when there is an nonnegligible start-up energy cost.To this end,by observing the variety of user number,we focus on the design of a switch policy which minimize the cumulative energy consumption.A given user transmission rate is guaranteed and the capability of SBSs are limited as well.According to the knowledge on user number variety,we classify the energy consumption problem into two cases.In complete information case,to minimize the cumulative energy consumption,an offline solution is proposed according to critical segments.A heuristic algorithm for incomplete information case(HAIIC) is proposed by tracking the difference of cumulative energy consumption.The upper bound of the Energy Consumption Ratio(ECR) for HAIIC is derived as well.In addition,a practical Q-learning based probabilistic policy is proposed.Simulation results show that the proposed HAIIC algorithm is able to save energy efficiently.
基金the Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.22AJY018).
文摘Industrial policy can promote economic growth and industrial upgrading by encouraging enterprises to adopt product switching.By utilizing comprehensive industrial policies and customs trade databases from 2000 to 2015,this paper found that firms with product ranges within policy-supported areas were more active in product switching.Among all the enterprises that adopted the product switching,those with nonmain products in policy-supported areas were more inclined to adjust their main product.They tended to transform nonmain product to main product as opposed to introducing new main product in order to effectively leverage their export experience and established technology.Whereas,for enterprises whose main product was within the policy-supported areas,their tendency to switch products significantly decreased.Mechanism analysis suggested that policy support,by alleviating industry distress and mitigating excessive market competition,encouraged firms to switch products to areas with policy backing.Moreover,we estimated trade performance after product switching from the perspective of product unit price and export product quality.We found that for firms whose main product was in policy-supported areas,such switching was more likely to result in“low price,high quality”exports,whereas for firms with nonmain products in supported areas,such switching was more likely to lead to“high price,low quality”exports,which indicates that firms switching to policy-supported areas need to continuously develop their core competencies and operate effectively to improve their production performance.
基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation under DMS-0907753supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70871055)+1 种基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation under DMS-0603287supported in part by Research Grants Council of HKSAR (Project No:HKU706209P)
文摘This work develops asymptotically optimal dividend policies to maximize the expected present value of dividends until ruin.Compound Poisson processes with regime switching are used to model the surplus and the switching（a continuous-time controlled Markov chain） represents random environment and other economic conditions.Assuming the switching to be fast varying together with suitable conditions,it is shown that the system has a limit that is an average with respect to the invariant measure of a related Markov chain.Under simple conditions,the optimal policy of the limit dividend strategy is a threshold policy.Using the optimal policy of the limit system as a guide,feedback control for the original surplus is then developed.It is demonstrated that the constructed dividend policy is asymptotically optimal.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60572042(国家自然科学基金)the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2005AA121210(国家高技术研究发展计划(863))the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2007CB307102(国家重点基础研究发展计划(973))
文摘调度策略是核心路由交换设备性能的重要保证.针对联合输入交叉节点排队(combined input and cross-point queuing,简称CICQ)交换结构现有调度策略在复杂度或性能方面存在的缺陷,深入探讨了CICQ交换结构调度策略设计的基本准则,并提出了CICQ下虚拟通道的概念.基于基本准则和虚拟通道概念,提出一种简单、高效和公平服务的动态轮询调度策略——FDR(fair service and dynamic round robin).其算法复杂度为O(1),具有良好的可扩展性;并依据虚拟通道的状态为其分配调度份额,具有良好的动态实时性能,能够适应流量负载非均衡的网络环境.SPES(switching performance evaluation systcm)仿真结果表明,该算法具有良好的时延、吞吐量和抗突发性能.
