Hybrid Function Projective Synchronization of Chaotic Systems with Uncertain Time-varying Parameters via Fourier Series Expansion

In this paper, the hybrid function projective synchronization (HFPS) of different chaotic systems with uncertain periodically time-varying parameters is carried out by Fourier series expansion and adaptive bounding technique. Fourier series expansion is used to deal with uncertain periodically time-varying parameters. Adaptive bounding technique is used to compensate the bound of truncation errors. Using the Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive control law and six parameter updating laws are constructed to make the states of two different chaotic systems asymptotically synchronized. The control strategy does not need to know the parameters thoroughly if the time-varying parameters are periodical functions. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, the HFPS between Lorenz system and Chen system is completed successfully by using this scheme.

Novel Adaptive Learning Control of Linear Systems with Completely Unknown Time Delays

A novel output-feedback adaptive learning control approach is developed for a class of linear time-delay systems. Three kinds of uncertainties： time delays, number of time delays, and system parameters are all assumed to be completely unknown, which is dfferent from the previous work. The design procedure includes two steps. First, according to the given periodic desired reference output and the allowed bound of tracking error, a suitable finite Fourier series expansion （FSE） is chosen as a practical reference output to be tracked. Second, by expressing the delayed practical reference output as a known time-varying vector multiplied by an unknown constant vector, we combine three kinds of uncertainties into an unknown constant vector and then estimate the vector by designing an adaptive law. By constructing a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, it is proved that the system output can asymptotically track the practical reference signal. An example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the control scheme developed in this paper.

Active earth pressure acting on retaining wall considering anisotropic seepage effect

This paper presents a general solution for active earth pressure acting on a vertical retaining wall with a drainage system along the soil-structure interface. The backfill has a horizontal surface and is composed of cohesionless and fully saturated sand with anisotropic permeability along the vertical and horizontal directions. The extremely unfavourable seepage flow on the back of the retaining wall due to heavy rainfall or other causes will dramatically increase the active earth pressure acting on the retaining walls, increasing the probability of instability. In this paper, an analytical solution to the Laplace differential governing equation is presented for seepage problems considering anisotropic permeability based on Fourier series expansion method. A good correlation is observed between this and the seepage forces along a planar surface generated via finite element analysis. The active earth pressure is calculated using Coulomb's earth pressure theory based on the calculated pore water pressures. The obtained solutions can be degenerated into Coulomb's formula when no seepage exists in the backfill. A parametric study on the influence of the degree of anisotropy in seepage flow on the distribution of active earth pressure behind the wall is conducted by varying ratios of permeability coefficients in the vertical and horizontal directions,showing that anisotropic seepage flow has a prominent impact on active earth pressure distribution. Other factors such as effective internal friction angle of soils and soil/wall friction conditions are also considered.

Neural networks-based iterative learning control consensus for periodically time-varying multi-agent systems

In this paper,the problem of adaptive iterative learning based consensus control for periodically time-varying multi-agent systems is studied,in which the dynamics of each follower are driven by nonlinearly parameterized terms with periodic disturbances.Neural networks and Fourier base expansions are introduced to describe the periodically time-varying dynamic terms.On this basis,an adaptive learning parameter with a positively convergent series term is constructed,and a distributed control protocol based on local signals between agents is designed to ensure accurate consensus of the closed-loop systems.Furthermore,consensus algorithm is generalized to solve the formation control problem.Finally,simulation experiments are implemented through MATLAB to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method used.

Full description of dipole orientation in organic light-emitting diodes

Considerable progress has been made in organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)to achieve high external quantum efficiency,among which dipole orientation has a remarkable effect.In most cases,the radiation of the dipoles in OLEDs is theoretically predicted with only one orientation parameter to match with corresponding experiments.Here,we develop a new theory with three orientation parameters to fully describe the relationship between dipole orientation and power density.Furthermore,we design an optimal test structure for measuring all three orientation parameters.All three orientation parameters could be retrieved from non-polarized spectra.Our theory provides a universal plot of dipole orientations in OLEDs,paving the way for designing more complicated OLED devices.

AN IMPROVED NUMERICAL METHOD FOR CALCULATIONS IN WAVE KINEMATICS

The prediction of wave kinematics is a necessary basis for ocean engineering design. In this article, an improved method to calculate the wave kinematics especially in the crest region is presented. This method is based on the local approximation method. According to one measured wave surface, the proposed solution focuses on a Fourier series expansion in a somewhat larger segment of the wave surface record. The horizontal and vertical kinematics under the wave crest can be directly predicted. Good agreement between the numerical results and the theoretical Stokes waves verifies the validity of the numerical model. The effectiveness of the numerical method is also proved by the calculation of the wave kinematics of the laboratory focused wave groups.

Adaptive Iterative Learning Control of Non-uniform Trajectory Tracking for Strict Feedback Nonlinear Time-varying Systems

In this paper, an iterative learning control strategy is presented for a class of nonlinear time-varying systems, the timevarying parameters are expanded into Fourier series with bounded remainder term. The backstepping design technique is used to deal with system dynamics with non-global Lipschitz nonlinearities and the approach proposed in this paper solves the non-uniform trajectory tracking problem. Based on the Lyapunov-like synthesis, the proposed method shows that all signals in the closed-loop system remain bounded over a pre-specified time interval [0, T ]. And perfect non-uniform trajectory tracking of the system output is completed. A typical series is introduced in order to deal with the unknown bound of remainder term. Finally, a simulation example shows the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach.

Adaptive neural networks control for uncertain parabolic distributed parameter systems with nonlinear periodic time-varying parameter

This paper studies the problem of adaptive neural networks control(ANNC) for uncertain parabolic distributed parameter systems(DPSs) with nonlinear periodic time-varying parameter(NPTVP). Firstly, the uncertain nonlinear dynamic and unknown periodic TVP are represented by using neural networks(NNs) and Fourier series expansion(FSE), respectively. Secondly, based on the ANNC and reparameterization approaches, two control algorithms are designed to make the uncertain parabolic DPSs with NPTVP asymptotically stable. The sufficient conditions of the asymptotically stable for the resulting closed-loop systems are also derived. Finally, a simulation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the two control algorithms designed in this work.