Photooxidation reaction of toluene in smog chamber systems was initiated by the UV radiation of tolucne/CH5ONO/NOx mixtures. The products of the photooxidation reaction of toluene and its subsequent reactions were ana...Photooxidation reaction of toluene in smog chamber systems was initiated by the UV radiation of tolucne/CH5ONO/NOx mixtures. The products of the photooxidation reaction of toluene and its subsequent reactions were analyzed directly utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Detailed assignments to FTIR spectrum of gas-phase products were given. The information of some important functional groups in the products, such as, carbonyl groups (C-O), hydroxyl groups (-OH), carboxylic acid (- COOH), C-C bonding, N O bonding and C-H bonding (C H), was got from this analysis. These results were compared to those analyzed by aerosol time of flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS). It was found that there are some differcnccs between FTIR analysis of gas-phase products and that of particle-phase, for example, the products with carbonyl groups, which were connected to unsaturated chemical bonds, was relatively higher in the gas phase, while kctoncs, aldehydes, carboxylic acid and organonitrates were the dominant functional groups in the aerosol-phase reaction products. The possible reaction pathways of some important products in the gas phase were also discussed.展开更多
A zwitterionic nanofiber film was constructed through combining zwitterionic polymer with anodic aluminum oxide template for anti-adhering typical marine corrosive microorganisms,i.e.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Desulfovibr...A zwitterionic nanofiber film was constructed through combining zwitterionic polymer with anodic aluminum oxide template for anti-adhering typical marine corrosive microorganisms,i.e.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Chaetoceros muelleri.Results showed that the fabricated zwitterionic polymers film has fibrous nanostructure with uniform distribution and super hydrophilia.This film has wide anti-adhering properties,and it can effectively reduce the attachment of these three microorganisms by more than 99%.Moreover,the adhesion of extracellular polymeric substances secreted from these three microorganisms are also inhibited,which is one reason for the fabricated nanofiber film with antiadhesion characteristic of microorganisms.This research provides valuable information for solving the problem of microbial adhesion on metal surfaces in the marine environment.展开更多
Objective: To determine the pyrolysis characteristics of calcined and processed calamine, qualitatively and quantitatively compare the contents of related elements, morphology and functional groups of the pyrolysis p...Objective: To determine the pyrolysis characteristics of calcined and processed calamine, qualitatively and quantitatively compare the contents of related elements, morphology and functional groups of the pyrolysis products dried at different heating temperatures and explore the critical temperature and the optimal drying temperature for the process of calamine with Huanglian Decoction(HLD, 黄连汤) and San Huang Decoction(SHD, 三黄汤). Methods: Pyrolysis products were prepared by programmable and constantly heating the calcined and processed calamine to or at different heating temperatures. Thermogravimetry(TG) was used to test their pyrolysis characteristics. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopeenergy dispersive spectrometer were used to determine their morphology, functional groups and element contents. Page model was used to investigate the constant drying kinetics of processed calamine. Results: The adding of HLD or SHD to calcined calamine(CC) can slow its weight loss in drying pyrolysis process. The temperature ranges where HLD and SHD can affect its weight loss were 65–150 ℃ and 74–180 ℃, respectively. The drying temperature was optimized as 90 ℃. The drying kinetic for the processed calamine fits Page model shows good linearity. Conclusions: The critical temperature and the optimal drying temperature where HLD and SHD can affect the weight loss rate in the process of calamine were explored using the theories and methods of both biophysical chemistry and processing of Chinese materia medica. This work provides a good example for the study of the process of other Chinese medicines using modern analytical techniques.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20477043), the Knowledge Innovation Foundation of Chinese Academy ofSciences (No. KJCX2-SW-H08) and the National Synchrotron Graduation Innovation Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Hefei)
文摘Photooxidation reaction of toluene in smog chamber systems was initiated by the UV radiation of tolucne/CH5ONO/NOx mixtures. The products of the photooxidation reaction of toluene and its subsequent reactions were analyzed directly utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Detailed assignments to FTIR spectrum of gas-phase products were given. The information of some important functional groups in the products, such as, carbonyl groups (C-O), hydroxyl groups (-OH), carboxylic acid (- COOH), C-C bonding, N O bonding and C-H bonding (C H), was got from this analysis. These results were compared to those analyzed by aerosol time of flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS). It was found that there are some differcnccs between FTIR analysis of gas-phase products and that of particle-phase, for example, the products with carbonyl groups, which were connected to unsaturated chemical bonds, was relatively higher in the gas phase, while kctoncs, aldehydes, carboxylic acid and organonitrates were the dominant functional groups in the aerosol-phase reaction products. The possible reaction pathways of some important products in the gas phase were also discussed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41906039)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(No.2019JZZY010333)the Shandong University Future Plan for Young Scholars and Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University。
文摘A zwitterionic nanofiber film was constructed through combining zwitterionic polymer with anodic aluminum oxide template for anti-adhering typical marine corrosive microorganisms,i.e.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Chaetoceros muelleri.Results showed that the fabricated zwitterionic polymers film has fibrous nanostructure with uniform distribution and super hydrophilia.This film has wide anti-adhering properties,and it can effectively reduce the attachment of these three microorganisms by more than 99%.Moreover,the adhesion of extracellular polymeric substances secreted from these three microorganisms are also inhibited,which is one reason for the fabricated nanofiber film with antiadhesion characteristic of microorganisms.This research provides valuable information for solving the problem of microbial adhesion on metal surfaces in the marine environment.
基金Supported by the the Key Technology Research for TCM Modernization of Shanxi Province"Zhendong"Special Project(No.2014ZD0302)
文摘Objective: To determine the pyrolysis characteristics of calcined and processed calamine, qualitatively and quantitatively compare the contents of related elements, morphology and functional groups of the pyrolysis products dried at different heating temperatures and explore the critical temperature and the optimal drying temperature for the process of calamine with Huanglian Decoction(HLD, 黄连汤) and San Huang Decoction(SHD, 三黄汤). Methods: Pyrolysis products were prepared by programmable and constantly heating the calcined and processed calamine to or at different heating temperatures. Thermogravimetry(TG) was used to test their pyrolysis characteristics. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopeenergy dispersive spectrometer were used to determine their morphology, functional groups and element contents. Page model was used to investigate the constant drying kinetics of processed calamine. Results: The adding of HLD or SHD to calcined calamine(CC) can slow its weight loss in drying pyrolysis process. The temperature ranges where HLD and SHD can affect its weight loss were 65–150 ℃ and 74–180 ℃, respectively. The drying temperature was optimized as 90 ℃. The drying kinetic for the processed calamine fits Page model shows good linearity. Conclusions: The critical temperature and the optimal drying temperature where HLD and SHD can affect the weight loss rate in the process of calamine were explored using the theories and methods of both biophysical chemistry and processing of Chinese materia medica. This work provides a good example for the study of the process of other Chinese medicines using modern analytical techniques.