The multivariate statistical techniques, principal component analysis, Q-modefactor analysis, correspondence analysis and fuzzy C-means clustering were applied to analyzing thedatasets of minor element concentrations ...The multivariate statistical techniques, principal component analysis, Q-modefactor analysis, correspondence analysis and fuzzy C-means clustering were applied to analyzing thedatasets of minor element concentrations in sediment samples of a core collected from the outershelf of the East China Sea. According to the analysis results, the sediment core Q43 can be dividedinto three strata with different features in minor elements. The first stratum (unit Ⅰ) ischaracterized by higher concentrations of Ⅴ, Cr, Cd and Sc, which are active and inactive elements.The second stratum (unit Ⅱ) is controlled by ultrastable elements Ⅴ, Ti, Cr, Th, Sc, Pb, etc. Thethird stratum (unit Ⅲ) is dominated by Ni, Co, Ba, Rb and Mn, which are authigenic andvolcanogenic elements. The geochemical features of the core Q43 show environmental changes in thedepositional process from the Late Pleistocene to Holocene.展开更多
针对动态变化的信道环境,自适应正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统可以对子载波间隔和循环前缀长度进行调整,以最大化系统的吞吐量。为了能够快速准确地找到OFDM系统在不同信道环境中的最优子载波间...针对动态变化的信道环境,自适应正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统可以对子载波间隔和循环前缀长度进行调整,以最大化系统的吞吐量。为了能够快速准确地找到OFDM系统在不同信道环境中的最优子载波间隔和循环前缀长度取值,本文提出了基于随机森林的OFDM系统自适应算法。随机森林算法基于集成的思想,能够有效处理高维度数据,并且具有高效率、高准确率和强泛化能力等优势,可以在复杂的数据场景下进行有效的分类。通过提取通信过程中信噪比、用户移动速度、最大多普勒频率和均方根时延扩展等信道特征与OFDM系统的子载波间隔和循环前缀长度组成训练样本,利用随机森林算法创建了OFDM系统参数多分类模型。所提模型可以根据输入的信道特征,实现OFDM系统子载波间隔和循环前缀长度的自适应分配。同时,针对训练样本主要集中在少数几个系统参数类别的情况,利用合成少数类过采样技术对较少样本数的类别进行扩充,满足了随机森林算法对训练样本类别平衡化的需求,进一步提高了算法的分类准确率。相比传统的自适应算法,所提算法具有更高的分类准确率和模型泛化能力。分析和仿真结果表明,与子载波间隔和循环前缀长度固定的OFDM系统相比,本文所提出的自适应算法能够准确选择出最优的系统参数,可以有效地减轻信道中符号间干扰和子载波间干扰的影响,从而在整个信噪比范围上提供最大的平均频谱效率。基于随机森林的OFDM系统自适应算法能够动态地分配子载波间隔和循环前缀长度,增强OFDM系统的通信质量和抗干扰能力,实现在不同信道环境下的可靠传输。展开更多
In this paper, a Complex Wavelet Packet （CWP-MC-CDMA） system uplink model is proposed, based Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access based on the analysis of the principle of MC-CDMA and the use of the optimized...In this paper, a Complex Wavelet Packet （CWP-MC-CDMA） system uplink model is proposed, based Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access based on the analysis of the principle of MC-CDMA and the use of the optimized complex wavelet packet. Considering that the base station can adopt multiple re- ceiver antennas in the uplink, we employ the Space Diversity Combining （SDC） technique to improve the sys- tem pertbrmance via multiple antennas. The uplink performance of proposed CWP-MC-CDMA system with SDC technique is investigated over Rayleigh lading channel, and corresponding bit error rate analysis is given in detail. The system can avoid the decrease of spectrum efficiency of conventional MC-CDMA due to inserting cyclic prefix. Theoretical analysis and simulation result show that the application of SDC technique can improve the CWP-MC-CDMA system ability to combat spatial lading and various interferences effectively. Moreover, the proposed system based on SDC technique has superior Bit Error Rate （BER） performance over the Discrete Fourier Transform （DFT） and SDC based MC-CDMA system and the real wavelet packet and SDC based MC-CDMA system.展开更多
From the point of view of system design, a configuration of fiber-optic interferomet- ric hydrophone array and its modulation and demodulation approach using frequncy division multiplexing technique based on Phase Gen...From the point of view of system design, a configuration of fiber-optic interferomet- ric hydrophone array and its modulation and demodulation approach using frequncy division multiplexing technique based on Phase Generated Carrier (PGC) is introduced. And the em- phasis on demonstrating the relationship among the number of units N, the detectable signal amplitude D and the detectable frequency ws through analyzing the frequency spectrum of the output signal of the J × K array and the key factor which restricts N, D, Ws for increasing are presented. The maximum phare shift and the law of its variation according to frequency are specially analyzed. The results induced from some relative theory were verified by experiments.展开更多
介绍了一种正交多载波数据传输技术—正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)技术,主要研究了OFDM技术的基本原理及其关键技术,讨论了自适应技术在OFDM系统的应用,进一步具体分析了MPSK和MQAM调制方式在OFDM系...介绍了一种正交多载波数据传输技术—正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)技术,主要研究了OFDM技术的基本原理及其关键技术,讨论了自适应技术在OFDM系统的应用,进一步具体分析了MPSK和MQAM调制方式在OFDM系统中的影响。使用MATLAB软件进行仿真,并对各调制方式在不同子载波数时的信道特性和误码率性能进行分析。自适应OFDM系统中,应根据信道的衰落程度、信道流量等参数动态的改变调制方式,从而提高系统的频谱利用率和信息传输速率。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation(Nos.40176014 and 40067013).
文摘The multivariate statistical techniques, principal component analysis, Q-modefactor analysis, correspondence analysis and fuzzy C-means clustering were applied to analyzing thedatasets of minor element concentrations in sediment samples of a core collected from the outershelf of the East China Sea. According to the analysis results, the sediment core Q43 can be dividedinto three strata with different features in minor elements. The first stratum (unit Ⅰ) ischaracterized by higher concentrations of Ⅴ, Cr, Cd and Sc, which are active and inactive elements.The second stratum (unit Ⅱ) is controlled by ultrastable elements Ⅴ, Ti, Cr, Th, Sc, Pb, etc. Thethird stratum (unit Ⅲ) is dominated by Ni, Co, Ba, Rb and Mn, which are authigenic andvolcanogenic elements. The geochemical features of the core Q43 show environmental changes in thedepositional process from the Late Pleistocene to Holocene.
文摘针对动态变化的信道环境,自适应正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统可以对子载波间隔和循环前缀长度进行调整,以最大化系统的吞吐量。为了能够快速准确地找到OFDM系统在不同信道环境中的最优子载波间隔和循环前缀长度取值,本文提出了基于随机森林的OFDM系统自适应算法。随机森林算法基于集成的思想,能够有效处理高维度数据,并且具有高效率、高准确率和强泛化能力等优势,可以在复杂的数据场景下进行有效的分类。通过提取通信过程中信噪比、用户移动速度、最大多普勒频率和均方根时延扩展等信道特征与OFDM系统的子载波间隔和循环前缀长度组成训练样本,利用随机森林算法创建了OFDM系统参数多分类模型。所提模型可以根据输入的信道特征,实现OFDM系统子载波间隔和循环前缀长度的自适应分配。同时,针对训练样本主要集中在少数几个系统参数类别的情况,利用合成少数类过采样技术对较少样本数的类别进行扩充,满足了随机森林算法对训练样本类别平衡化的需求,进一步提高了算法的分类准确率。相比传统的自适应算法,所提算法具有更高的分类准确率和模型泛化能力。分析和仿真结果表明,与子载波间隔和循环前缀长度固定的OFDM系统相比,本文所提出的自适应算法能够准确选择出最优的系统参数,可以有效地减轻信道中符号间干扰和子载波间干扰的影响,从而在整个信噪比范围上提供最大的平均频谱效率。基于随机森林的OFDM系统自适应算法能够动态地分配子载波间隔和循环前缀长度,增强OFDM系统的通信质量和抗干扰能力,实现在不同信道环境下的可靠传输。
基金Supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, and Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2003089).
文摘In this paper, a Complex Wavelet Packet （CWP-MC-CDMA） system uplink model is proposed, based Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access based on the analysis of the principle of MC-CDMA and the use of the optimized complex wavelet packet. Considering that the base station can adopt multiple re- ceiver antennas in the uplink, we employ the Space Diversity Combining （SDC） technique to improve the sys- tem pertbrmance via multiple antennas. The uplink performance of proposed CWP-MC-CDMA system with SDC technique is investigated over Rayleigh lading channel, and corresponding bit error rate analysis is given in detail. The system can avoid the decrease of spectrum efficiency of conventional MC-CDMA due to inserting cyclic prefix. Theoretical analysis and simulation result show that the application of SDC technique can improve the CWP-MC-CDMA system ability to combat spatial lading and various interferences effectively. Moreover, the proposed system based on SDC technique has superior Bit Error Rate （BER） performance over the Discrete Fourier Transform （DFT） and SDC based MC-CDMA system and the real wavelet packet and SDC based MC-CDMA system.
文摘From the point of view of system design, a configuration of fiber-optic interferomet- ric hydrophone array and its modulation and demodulation approach using frequncy division multiplexing technique based on Phase Generated Carrier (PGC) is introduced. And the em- phasis on demonstrating the relationship among the number of units N, the detectable signal amplitude D and the detectable frequency ws through analyzing the frequency spectrum of the output signal of the J × K array and the key factor which restricts N, D, Ws for increasing are presented. The maximum phare shift and the law of its variation according to frequency are specially analyzed. The results induced from some relative theory were verified by experiments.
文摘介绍了一种正交多载波数据传输技术—正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)技术,主要研究了OFDM技术的基本原理及其关键技术,讨论了自适应技术在OFDM系统的应用,进一步具体分析了MPSK和MQAM调制方式在OFDM系统中的影响。使用MATLAB软件进行仿真,并对各调制方式在不同子载波数时的信道特性和误码率性能进行分析。自适应OFDM系统中,应根据信道的衰落程度、信道流量等参数动态的改变调制方式,从而提高系统的频谱利用率和信息传输速率。
