Removal of PCDD/Fs and PCBs from sediment by oxygen free Pyrolysis

Few studies have dealt on the evaluation of volatilization and decomposition reactions of dioxins from sediment by oxygen free pyrolysis. In this study, the performance of pyrolysis on the removal of dioxins from sediment was investigated. Dioxin concentrations of the raw sediment and the solid residues after pyrolysis were analyzed at different conditions. Results showed a removal efficiency of 99.9999% for total dioxins at 800℃ and retention time of 30 min. All the polychlorinated dibenzo-furans （PCDFs） have been removed and were not formed in the solid residues at the retention time range of 30-90 min at 800℃. Close to 100% removal of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins （PCDDs） was also achieved. Only trace PCDDs were detected in the solid yields at a retention time of 60 min. The highest removal efficiency of polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） was more than 99.9994% at a retention time of 30 min. During cooling period following pyrolysis, however, the concentration of total dioxins in solid residues increased 130 times as compared to that of the raw sediment under air atmosphere. This confirmed that some complex reactions do occur to form PCDD/Fs and PCBs from 800 to 400℃ in the presence of oxygen. Oxygen-free atmosphere therefore can prevent formation of dioxin during thermal process thus generating clean solid residues.

Oxygen radical formation does not have an impact in the treatment of severe acute experimental pancreatitis using free cellular hemoglobin

瞄准：Microcirculatory 机能障碍和免费的氧激进分子是在严重尖锐胰腺炎的致病的重要因素。另外的氧交货可能每氧化提高类脂化合物，但是可以也改进胰腺的微循环。这研究在严重尖锐胰腺炎的一个啮齿类动物模型在氧激进分子和微循环的形成上估计免费细胞的牛的血红素的效果。方法：在尖锐胰腺炎 Wistar 老鼠的正式就职以后的十五分钟收到了任何一个 0.8 mL 牛的血红素(HBOC-200 ) ， hydroxyethyl 淀粉(HES ) 或保证血量正常替换的生理盐水的 2.4 mL。在检查的 6 h 以后，胰每氧化产品 malondialdehyde (MDA ) 为类脂化合物的间接测量被切除并且很快处理了并且在胰腺的织物减少了谷胱甘肽(GSH ) 。结果：HBOC-200 的单个申请改进了胰腺的微循环并且显著地减少了组织病理学说的织物损坏。MDA 的织物集中没在这些组之间不同。另外，在 GSH 层次的差别都没被检测。结论：不过 HBOC-200 和 HES 的单个申请改进胰腺的微循环，在类脂化合物的没有差别每氧化，产品被检测。另外的氧供应(HBOC-200 ) 的有益的效果不每氧化导致提高的类脂化合物。

Effect of resveratrol on pancreatic oxygen free radicals in rats with severe acute pancreatitis

瞄准：在试验性的严重尖锐胰腺炎(树液) 上作为自由基 scavenger 调查 resveratrol (RESV ) 的治疗学的效果。方法：72 只男 Sprague-Dawley 老鼠随机被划分成假冒的操作组，树液组，和对待 resveratrol 的组。胰腺炎被 0.1 mL/kg 的管内管理导致 4% 牛磺胆酸钠。RESV 在 20 mg/kg 体重的剂量静脉内地被给。所有动物在 3 点被打死， 6，在模型的正式就职以后的 12 h。浆液淀粉酶，胰腺的超级氧化物歧化酶(草皮) ， malondialdehyde (MDA ) ，和 myeloperoxidase (军邮局) 是坚定的。胰的病理学的变化在光显微镜下面被观察。结果：浆液淀粉酶，胰腺的军邮局和病理学的损坏的分数在胰腺炎的正式就职以后增加了，早(3， 6 h ) 树液样品被减少的胰腺的草皮描绘并且增加了胰腺的 MDA。Resveratrol 在氧自由基在树液的早阶段引起的房间膜每氧化对类脂化合物展出了保护的效果。氧化还原作用状态缺陷的这变细减少了细胞的氧化损坏，由更低的浆液淀粉酶思考了不太严重的胰腺的损害，正常胰腺的 MDA 层次，以及在胰的减少的嗜中性的渗入。结论：RESV 可以由降低胰腺的氧化自由基并且减少 neutrophils 的胰腺的织物渗入在树液上施加它的治疗学的效果。

Election Spin Resonance Studies of Free Radical Formation and Oxygen Consumption of Lens Epithelium During Ultraviolet Exposure

A long life election spin resonance (ESR) signal at g=2.0006 was observed in the normal lens epithelium and cortical fibers. During ultraviolet (UV) exposure, a new ESR signal at g = 2.0060 was found in the lens epithelium. But this specific signal was not detected in the lens cortical fibers. This suggested that lens epithelial cells were more susceptible to the free radical formation which was induced by UV light. By means of ESR spin probe oxymetry, the oxygen uptake of lens epithelial cells was meas...

Effect of Selenium Poisoning on Immune Function and Oxygen Free Radicals in Erythrocyte of Pig

[ Objective] This study was to investigate the effect of selenium（Se） on immune function and oxygen free radicals in erythrocyte of pig. [ Method] Fifteen weanling Landrace piglets as experimental animals were divided into three groups, two testing groups and one control group. For each group, Se content in whole blood, immune function of erythrocytes, activity of whole blood glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）, activity of blood plasma superoxide dismutase（SOD）, and blood plasma malondialdehyde（MDA） content were determined. [ Result] Compared with the control group, Se content in whole blood and blood plasma MDA content increased remarkably, while whole blood GSH-Px activity and blood plasma SOD activity decreased; RBC-C1 RR assumed a rise-fall trend, and RBC-ICR showed no obvious change. [Condusion] Se poisoning can reduce the activity of antioxidant enzymes, disturb the balance of oxygen free radicals metabolism, thereby inducing erythrooyte immune function in piglets.

THE ACTION OF CAPTOPRIL ON SCAVENGING OXYGEN FREE RADICALS

The protective effect of captopril on ischemic myocardium was studied in 40 patients with congenital heart disease accompanied with pulmonary hypertention.Twenty of these patients received captopril 50 mg b.i.d.for three months preoperatively (Group A).The other 20 patients without pretreatment with captopril were used as controls (Group B).In Group A,the cardiac output increased and the pulmonary pressure decreased significantly in the first 24 hours postoperatively,indicating a high cardiac output with a low vascular resistance.The differences or CPK,CPKMB,LDH release between Group A and Group B were highly significant or siguificant from the end of operation to 24 hours postoperatively. Myocardial protection in the reduction of the release of CPK, CPK-MB, LDH might be attributed to action on scavenging oxygen free radicals.

Direct Measurement of Oxygen Free Radicals of the Liver Tissue Following Shock/Reperfusion and Its Significance

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Novel cobalt-free tantalum-doped perovskite Ba Fe_(1-y)Ta_yO_(3-δ)with high oxygen permeation

Cobalt-free perovskite-type oxides Ba Fe_(1-y)Ta_yO_(3-δ)(0 ≤ y ≤ 0.2)were synthesized via a simple solid state reaction.The cubic perovskite structure can be obtained when y is over 0.1.Ba Fe_(0.9)Ta_(0.1)O_(3-δ)(BFT0.1)membrane shows the highest oxygen permeation flux,which can reach 1.6 ml·min^(-1)·cm^(-2)at 950 °C under the gradient of air/He.The O_2-TPD results reveal that Ba Fe_(0.9)Ta_(0.1)O_(3-δ)material shows an excellent reversibility and phase structure stability in air.The oxygen permeation flux is limited by the bulk diffusion when the membrane thickness is over 0.8 mm,and it is limited by both the bulk diffusion and the surface exchange when the membrane thickness is below 0.5 mm.Stable oxygen permeation fluxes are obtained during 180 h operation.

The influence of ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation on oxygen free radicals metabolism in rabbits with soman intoxication

Objective: To investigate the effect of ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation (UBIO) on the metabolism of oxygen free radicals in rabbits with acute soman intoxication. Methods: One hundred rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group, intoxication group, routine therapy group. UBIO therapy group and combined therapy group. After 14 d, the concentration of malondiadehyde(MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathionperoxidase(GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) in serum were determined respectively. Results: Compared with the normal control group, the concentration of MDA and activity of CAT in the intoxication group were significantly higher (P < 0. 05). but SOD. GSH-Px activity and T-AOC were significantly lower (P<0. 05). After UBIO or combined therapy, serum MDA level was significantly lower in comparison with intoxication group (P<0. 05). but the activity of SOD. GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC were higher than intoxication group(P<0. 05). Conclusion: There is an obvious oxygen free radical injury in rabbits with a-cute soman intoxication. UBIO can improve the antioxidation ability of rabbits and may be applied to treat acute soman intoxication as adjunctive therapy.

EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON BLOOD OXYGEN FREE RADICAL AND NO LEVELS IN TREATMENT OF APOPLECTIC SEQUELAE

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on blood oxygen free radical (OFR) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the treatment of apoplectic sequelae. Methods: A total of 61 cases of apoplectic patients were subjected into this study and randomly divided into "JIN San Zhen" group (n=30) and control group (n=31). Blood lipid peroxidase (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GSH Px) and nitric oxide (NO) contents before and after acupuncture treatment were determined with radioimmunoassay. In both groups, acupuncture was given once daily, six times a week, with 4 weeks being a therapeutic course and with the interval between two weeks being a week, 3 courses all together. In "JIN San Zhen" group, acupoints of "JIN San Zhen" were used predominately, while in control group, scalp point Motor Sensory Area (MS 8) was used as the main point. Results: Self comparison showed that after 3 courses of treatment, in both groups, LPO and NO levels decreased significantly (P<0.05-0.01), SOD and GST Px values increased considerably (P<0.05-0.01). Comparison between two groups indicated that the effects of "JIN San Zhen" group are significantly superior to those of control group in raising blood SOD and GST Px levels (P<0.05-0.01) and in lowering blood NO content (P<0.01). Analysis on the correlation between the restoration of neural function and the changes of LPO, SOD and GST Px levels suggested that the effect of acupuncture in improving neural function may be related to changes of the aforementioned indexes. Conclusion: Acupuncture therapy can significantly lower blood LPO and NO levels and evidently raise blood SOD and GST Px levels in stroke patients.

Correlation of oxygen free radical items between blood and kidney of chronic renal failure rat

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Purified oxygenand nitrogen-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as metal-free catalysts for selective olefin hydrogenation

Oxygen and nitrogen-functionalized carbon nanotubes （OCNTs and NCNTs） were applied as metal-free catalysts in selective olefin hydro- genation. A series of NCNTs was synthesized by NH3 post-treatment of OCNTs. Temperature-programmed desorption, N2 physisorption, Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to characterize the surface properties of OCNTs and NCNTs, aiming at a detailed analysis of the type and amount of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing groups as well as surface defects. The gas-phase treatments applied for oxygen and nitrogen functionalization at elevated temperatures up to 600 ℃ led to the increase of surface defects, but did not cause structural damages in the bulk. NCNTs showed a clearly higher activity than the pristine CNTs and OCNTs in the hydrogenation of 1,5-cyclooctadiene, and also the selectivity to cyclooctene was higher. The favorable catalytic properties are ascribed to the nitrogen-containing surface functional groups as well as surface defects related to nitrogen species. In contrast, oxygen-containing surface groups and the surface defects caused by oxygen species did not show clear contribution to the hydrogenation catalysis.

水凝胶紫外光固化建模仿真

利用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件对紫外光固化进行建模和仿真,探究了单体浓度、引发剂浓度和氧气浓度对紫外光固化反应速度的影响。仿真结果表明:随着单体浓度和引发剂浓度的增加,反应逐渐加快;而随着氧气浓度的增加,反应先加快而后减慢,即氧阻聚现象。通过PEGDA水凝胶紫外光固化实验验证了单体浓度与反应速度的关系。

二价铁活化分子氧体系中溶解氧对活性自由基产生及污染物降解的影响

构建了Fe^(2+)/O_(2)/三聚磷酸钠(STPP)高级氧化体系,通过曝气实验与固定初始DO实验,分别探究了体系在持续曝气与有限溶解氧的条件下活性自由基产生能力与污染物降解效果.结果表明,在以150mL/min流量充分曝气时,Fe^(2+)-STPP浓度由3mmol/L增加至20mmol/L,体系在中性条件下羟基自由基(HO•)的产量从0.185mmol/L增加至0.256mmol/L,对苯酚的去除率由81.4%增加到91.5%.在密闭环境中固定初始DO浓度且Fe^(2+)-STPP浓度足量时,O_(2)转化为HO•的转化率约为10.60%~18.05%,转化率随DO浓度增加而增大;明确了体系中HO•产生量、Fe^(2+)消耗量、污染物降解量与初始DO浓度间的响应关系,并建立了线性方程(R^(2)>0.99).

高磷赤铁矿直接还原过程中不同添加剂脱磷的性能对比及分子动力学模拟研究

通过试验对比了高磷赤铁矿直接还原焙烧过程中不同添加剂CaCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3)、CaF_(2)的脱磷性能,结果表明,Na_(2)CO_(3)的脱磷性能更好,CaCO_(3)次之。利用分子动力学模拟统计计算使用3种不同添加剂后体系在焙烧过程中的桥氧分布和氧原子均方位移,查明了高磷赤铁矿直接还原过程中CaCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3)、CaF_(2)的脱磷机制,结果表明,添加剂脱磷的作用机制是提高体系中自由氧含量或提高体系中氧原子的均方位移,减少体系中Si、P共用氧原子,从而抑制磷灰石的还原;添加剂脱磷性能与体系中氧原子均方位移呈正相关的规律。

太赫兹低损耗金刚石-无氧铜输能窗研究

首次开展太赫兹金刚石-无氧铜盒型输能窗研究,利用低损耗的无氧铜材料代替传统可伐合金材料,显著降低输能窗传输损耗、提高器件输出功率。为降低无氧铜与金刚石热膨胀系数严重不匹配造成的封接应力,提出一种多槽应力释放结构,将金刚石表面封接应力由210 MPa减小至50 MPa,小于金刚石与无氧铜组合抗拉件的平均封接强度116.2 MPa。根据设计结果,开展金刚石-无氧铜输能窗封接试验,氦漏率≤1×10^(-11)(Pa·m^(3))/s,实现了气密封接。测试金刚石-无氧铜输能窗传输损耗为0.7 dB,比采用金刚石-可伐输能窗的传输损耗减小2 dB,即输出功率可以提高60%,为研制大功率太赫兹源奠定了重要关键技术基础。

Xe^(23+)离子束轰击低温工况下的无氧铜表面解吸性能研究

强流重离子加速器运行时产生动态真空效应引起束流寿命缩短,需安装无氧铜束流准直器来降低该效应。为探究无氧铜材料在离子束轰击下的解吸性能,本工作设计并研制了满足低温工况的解吸率测试装置,在兰州重离子加速器国家实验室利用Xe^(23+)离子束完成了无氧铜温度在4.2 K、20 K、77 K和300 K,以及束流能量为0.58 MeV/u、0.96 MeV/u和1.3 MeV/u的在束试验。结果表明,离子束轰击无氧铜表面时解吸出最多的分子为H_(2),其次分别为H2O、CO、CO_(2)、Ar和O_(2);当温度为4.2 K、束流能量为0.58 MeV/u时无氧铜解吸出H2的比例为87.74%。在同一能量下,随着无氧铜表面温度的升高,解吸率呈增加趋势,能量为0.58 MeV/u时,4.2 K下无氧铜的解吸率仅为25 mol/ion,小于300 K时的600 mol/ion,表明温度越高其解吸产额越大。在同一温度下,随着束流能量的升高无氧铜表面解吸率增加,但增加趋势逐渐减缓,解吸产额趋向饱和。

碳布负载的钴镍双金属沸石咪唑框架作为独立电极用于高效电催化析氧反应

开发低成本、高效和稳定的电催化剂对于加快水分解中的析氧反应(OER)速率,实现可再生、清洁和大规模能源转换技术至关重要。在本文中,我们开发了一种简单的方法来制备钴镍双金属沸石咪唑框架(CoNi-ZIF),通过低温热解去除客体分子将CoNi-ZIF纳米片牢固地负载到碳布(CoNi-ZIF-CC-200)上。组装的独立电极避免了对粘合剂的依赖和无效表面积的增加,从而显著提高了催化剂的催化活性和传质效率。电化学测试结果表明CoNi-ZIF-CC-200独立电极在OER过程中表现出良好的电化学活性和稳定性。CoNi-ZIF-CC-200独立电极在10 mA·cm^(-2)下表现出255 mV的低过电位,并且在恒电位测量过程中保持10 h以上的稳定运行。此外,由CoNi-ZIF-CC-200独立电极作为阳极和Pt/C作为阴极组成的水分解系统表现出优异的稳定性。

4~5 K铟片填充下无氧铜材料接触热阻实验研究

在陆续开展的深空探测任务中,高精度光学探测设备需要长期稳定的深低温工作环境。传热界面由于传热介质的热阻而存在一定的传热温差,为确保设备的工作环境,避免探测效率下降、精度下降和噪声干扰增加等严重后果,对无氧铜和不锈钢两种深低温温区常用的固体导热材料的界面接触热阻进行了实验测试。在真空、4~5.2 K、压力为3 077 N、铟片为填充物的条件下,测量了粗糙度为Ra=3.2的不锈钢-无氧铜接触热阻。结果表明:无氧铜界面间接触热阻在10^(-5)~10^(-4) m^(2)·K/W量级,且随温度的升高和粗糙度的减小而减小;无氧铜和不锈钢间的接触热阻在10^(-2) m^(2)·K/W量级。

参芪固金汤辅助治疗放射性肺炎疗效及对IL-8、氧自由基的影响

目的研究参芪固金汤辅助治疗放射性肺炎(Radiation pneumonia, RP)的疗效及对患者白细胞介素-8(Interleukin 8,IL-8)、氧自由基的变化影响。方法选取医院2020年4月—2022年12月收治的RP患者80例。根据随机数字法分为常规组(40例)和参芪固金汤组(40例)。常规组给予激素、抗感染、止咳化痰、营养支持等常规治疗,参芪固金汤组在常规组基础上加用参芪固金汤治疗。比较两组肺功能、氧自由基、炎症因子的水平,统计两组疗效。结果参芪固金汤组总有效率[90.00%(36/40)]高于常规组[72.50%(29/40)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗前肺功能指标组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。参芪固金汤组治疗后肺活量(Vital capacity, VC)[(2.92±0.45)L]、一氧化碳弥散量(Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, DLCO)[(18.24±3.96)mL/min]水平高于常规组(P<0.05)。两组治疗前白细胞介素-1(Interleukin-1,IL-1)、IL-8、降钙素原(Calcitonin, PCT)、转化生长因子-β1(Transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)、氧自由基水平组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。参芪固金汤组治疗后IL-1、IL-8、PCT、TGF-β1水平低于常规组,其他指标高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论参芪固金汤辅助治疗RP可减轻炎症反应,清除氧自由基,改善肺功能。